• 소성∙가공
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 1998

The present study is concerned with the hydrostatic extrusion process of copper-clad aluminium bar to investigate the bonding conditions as well as the basic flow characteristics. Considering the bonding mechanism of bi-metal contact surface as cold pressure welding the normal pressure and the contact surface expansion are selected as process parameters governing the bonding conditions, in this study the critical normal pressure required for the local extrusion-the protrusion of virgin surfaces by the surface expansion at the interface-is obtained using a slip line method and is then used as a criteron for the bonding. A rigid plastic finite element method is used to analyze the steady state extrusion process. The interface profile of bi-metal rod is predicted by tracking the paths of two particles adja-process. The interface profile of bi-metal rod is predicted by tracking the paths of two particles adja-cent to interface surface. The contact surface area ration and the normal pressure along the interface are calculated and compared to the critical normal pressure to check bonding. It is found that the model predictions are generally in good agreement with the experimental observations. The compar-isons of the extrusion pressure and interface profile by the finite element with those by experi-ments are also given.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.121-134
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze the wearing pattern and design preference of shoes for men, and to develop the possibility and strategy of the shoes market for the shoes marketers and manufacturers. In this study, the data obtained from 285 respondents were analyzed by the descriptive statistics. The results from the data were as follows : The most frequent brand among the 45 shoes brand by 285 respondents described in free style was 'Esquire'. The 268 respondents possessed two shoes or more, the most frequent shoes' color was black, and the most preferred brand was 'Kumkang'. The 195 respondents indicated the discomfort of ready-made shoes, The 198 respondents discarded their shoes 'on the reason of worn-out', the 98 respondents indicated that the most important thing in the purchasing point was 'the comfort of shoes' The respondents preferred shoes with 'slip-on type', 'cow leather', 'semi-rounded toe', 'no-metal ornaments', 'moccasin tip', 'leather-sole', and '3cm heel'. Finally, this study proposed that the best strategy for shoes marketers and manufacturers was to upgrade the comfort of shoes by design(line) and the material with functional textures.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.235-255
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• 2016

This paper experimentally investigated the behavior of steel frame structures of traditional-style buildings subjected to combined constant axial load and reversed lateral cyclic loading conditions. The low cyclic reversed loading test was carried out on a 1/2 model of a traditional-style steel frame. The failure process and failure mode of the structure were observed. The mechanical behaviors of the steel frame, including hysteretic behaviors, order of plastic hinges, load-displacement curve, characteristic loads and corresponding displacements, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness degradation were analyzed. Test results showed that the Dou-Gong component (a special construct in traditional-style buildings) in steel frame structures acted as the first seismic line under the action of horizontal loads, the plastic hinges at the beam end developed sufficiently and satisfied the Chinese Seismic Design Principle of "strong columns-weak beams, strong joints-weak members". The pinching phenomenon of hysteretic loops occurred and it changed into Z-shape, indicating shear-slip property. The stiffness degradation of the structure was significant at the early stage of the loading. When failure, the ultimate elastic-plastic interlayer displacement angle was 1/20, which indicated high collapse resistance capacity of the steel frame. Furthermore, the finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the behavior of traditional-style frame structure. Test results agreed well with the results of the finite element analysis.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제24권A호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2004

Numerical analysis were performed to investigate the stability and internal movement of tunnel located beneath the base of abutment of bridge according to the method of supporting tunnel. Two supporting methods of the multi-staged grouting method with steel pipes and the large diameter of pipe supporting method were used in the centrifuge model tests. The slip form of model lining, specially built to simulate the process of tunnel excavating under the condition of accelerated g-level, was used in the centrifuge model tests. Four centrifuge model tests were performed, changing the supporting methods of the multi-staged grouting method with steel pipes and the large diameter of pipe supporting method and the location of model abutment base of bridge. For internal displacement of tunnel, movements of the crown. The left and the right sides of spring line were measured during the proceeds of excavating tunnel in centrifuge model tests. Test results were compared with numerically estimated values of internal displacement of tunnel by using the commercially available FEM software of PENTAGON-3D. It was found that they were in good agreements and the large diameter of pipe supporting method was more stable than the multi-staged grouting method with steel pipes with respect to the internal movement of tunnel.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2014

It is necessary to design a compressor with high pressure ratio that satisfies the IMO(international maritime organization) NOx emission regulation for the marine diesel engine. Impeller was designed using the modified slip factor with the flow coefficient. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of the compressor performance by the vaned diffuser geometries. The first vaned diffuser type was based on a NACA airfoil, the second was channel diffuser, and the third was conformally transformated configuration of a NACA65(4A10)06 airfoil. The sensitivity of the performance was calculated using a commercial CFD program for three different diffuser geometries. The channel diffuser showed the wide range of operation and higher pressure characteristics, comparing with the others. This is attributed to the flow stability at diffuser. Combined with this results with impeller design, the optimized compressor was designed and verified by the test results.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2006

The influence of tire belt angle on the Plysteer Residual Aligning Torque(PRAT) and the cornering stiffness by the FEM has been studied. The PRAT is a performance factor of the tire about vehicle pull, and the cornering stiffness has relation to vehicle steering response of outdoor test. To validate FE model for analysis, simulation data for both the static stiffness(vertical, lateral) and the PRAT have been compared with the experimental data. In addition to the characteristics of the PRAT and the cornering stiffness due to the tire belt angle, rolling and cornering contact characteristics have been studied. The tendency of the PRAT and the cornering stiffness due to the belt angle can be used as a guide line for the tire design in relation to vehicle pull and vehicle steering response.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2008

It is generally known that the PRAT(Plysteer Residual Aligning Torque) is one of indicating a performance factors of a tire for assessing the vehicle pull, also tire pattern shape, which means lateral groove angle, is very important tire design factor in relation to the PRAT. Lateral grooves of tire pattern are widely divided into center and shoulder parts. So, this paper has studied the correlation between the PRAT and their lateral groove angles using FEM. Especially, the steady state rolling analysis among tire rolling analysis methods has been used for the PRAT performance study. Firstly, analysis result data have been compared with the experimental data to validate FE analysis for PRAT. Next, the PRAT due to the lateral groove angle about PCR(Passenger Car Radial) tire and SUV tire has been analyzed. The tendency of the PRAT due to the lateral groove angles can be used as a guide line for the tire design in relation to vehicle pull.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2013

Omni-directional robot is a typical holonomic constraint robot that has three degrees of freedom movement in 2D plane. In this study, a new omni-directional robot whose wheels are arranged in radial directions was proposed to improve driving performance of the robot. Unlike a general omni-directional robot whose wheels were arranged in a circumferential direction, moments do not arises in the proposed robot when the robot travels in a straight line. To analyze driving performance, dynamic modeling of the omni-directional robot, which considers friction and slip, was carried out. By friction measurement experiments, the relationship between dynamic friction coefficient and relative velocity was derived. Dynamic friction coefficient according to the angle difference between robot travel direction and wheel rotation direction was also obtained. By applying these results to the dynamic model, driving performance of the robot was calculated. As a result, the proposed robot was 1.5 times faster than the general robot.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2021

This design proposal research is meaningful as Jogakbo can retain the traditional value of the it's design as it becomes a contemporary design proposal. As a specific method of research, history was been investigated to find meaning and formative characteristics defined through prior research under the theme of Jogakbo. Ideas, such as silhouettes, details for design, and the making domestic and foreign designer examples were obtained. The fabric used for the works were recycled from past leather works. All materials are sheep skin. There were various processed surfaces used to avoid monotony. Jogakbo's cotton composition focused on free and radial patterns. The pattern was manufactured using a flat and 3D combination, and the selection of items was mainly made with a simple and light silhouette, so that Jogakbo's details, such as dresses, slip dress, and vests could stand out. Color is an important factor in Jogakbo. However, traditions which are relics of the times, do not need to be preserved in their original form. If changes are inherited with reasonable grounds and directions in line with the changing times, the significance and values are retained are sufficient. It is hoped that these design development studies will continue in the future so that our precious cultural heritage can continue to change and develop positively.

• 광물과 암석
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.349-359
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• 2020

한반도 남동부 경상분지에는 북북서 방향의 울산단층대가 발달하고, 울산단층대의 주변부에서 많은 제4기 단층들이 발견된다. 이들 단층은 주로 백악기 말-제3기 초의 불국사 화성암류를 상반으로 하고 제4기 퇴적층을 하반으로 하고 있거나 제4기 퇴적층들 사이에 발달하고, 주로 상반이 서쪽으로 충상하는 역이동성의 운동감각을 보여준다. 이들 단층의 발견 지점을 연결해 보면 (서)북서, 남-북, (북)북동, 동북동 방향 등으로 지그재그형 구간별 방향성을 보이고, 이러한 구간별 방향성은 이들 단층의 주요 단층면들의 방향성과 유사하다. 경주시 외동읍 신계리 계곡에 분포하는 제4기 퇴적층, 염기성 암맥, 불국사 화강암 등에서는 남-북 방향의 역단층을 절단하고, 상부가 서쪽으로 이동하는 동-서 방향의 주향(이동) 단층들이 다수 관찰된다. 동측의 염기성 암맥 및 불국사 화강암에 의해 충상되어 있는 서측의 제4기 퇴적층에서는 남-북 방향의 역단층을 절단하고, 남-북 방향의 충상단층에 의해 절단되는 동-서 방향의 우수 주향이동 단층이 관찰된다. 제4기 단층들의 이러한 기하학적·운동학적 특성으로부터 신계리 신기 단층대의 형성과 관련된 다음과 같은 두 가지 적어도 2회 이상의 제4기 지구조운동이 고찰된다. 하나는 첫 번째 동-서 방향의 압축력에 의한 첫 번째 남-북 방향의 역단층운동과 이에 수반된 동-서 방향의 주향이동성 인열 단층운동, 이후 두 번째 동-서 방향의 압축력에 의한 두 번째 남-북 방향의 역단층운동이다. 다른 하나는 첫 번째 남-북 방향의 역단층운동, 이후 북서-남동 방향의 압축력에 의한 동-서 방향의 우수 주향이동 단층운동, 이후 두 번째 남-북 방향의 역단층운동이다. 본 논문에서는 울산단층대 주변부에서 발견된 제4기 단층들의 다양한 단층면의 방향성과 지그재그형 노두연결 구간별 방향성, 신계리 계곡 제4기 단층들의 기하학적·운동학적 특성, 그리고 최근 양산단층대 일대에서 보고된 서쪽으로 볼록한 압축성 호상의 선상구조 등으로부터 신계리 신기 단층대의 발달사를 제시한다.