• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2017

This Paper Describes a Method for the Evaluation of Sleep Apnea, Namely, the Peak Signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of Wavelet Transformed Electroencephalography (EEG) Data. The Purpose of this Study was to Investigate EEG Properties with Regard to Differences between Sleep Spindles and K-complexes and to Characterize Obstructive Sleep Apnea According to Sleep Stage. We Examined Non-REM and REM Sleep in 20 Patients with OSA and Established a New Approach for Detecting Sleep Apnea Base on EEG Frequency Changes According to Sleep Stage During Sleep Apnea Events. For Frequency Bands Corresponding to A3 Decomposition with a Sampling Applied to the KC and the Sleep Spindle Signal. In this Paper, the KC and Sleep Spindle are Ccalculated using MSE and PSNR for 4 Types of Mother Wavelets. Wavelet Transform Coefficients Were Obtained Around Sleep Spindles in Order to Identify the Frequency Information that Changed During Obstructive Sleep Apnea. We also Investigated Whether Quantification Analysis of EEG During Sleep Apnea is Valuable for Analyzing Sleep Spindles and The K-complexes in Patients. First, Decomposition of the EEG Signal from Feature Data was Carried out using 4 Different Types of Wavelets, Namely, Daubechies 3, Symlet 4, Biorthogonal 2.8, and Coiflet 3. We Compared the PSNR Accuracy for Each Wavelet Function and Found that Mother Wavelets Daubechies 3 and Biorthogonal 2.8 Surpassed the other Wavelet Functions in Performance. We have Attempted to Improve the Computing Efficiency as it Selects the most Suitable Wavelet Function that can be used for Sleep Spindle, K-complex Signal Processing Efficiently and Accurate Decision with Lesser Computational Time.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.487-494
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• 2003

수면뇌파의 해석에 있어서 수면단계는 뇌파의 특성파 검출에 특히 중요하다. 수면단계는 여러 수면질환의 진단에 가장 기초적일 단서를 제공한다. 본 연구에서 수면뇌파 신호를 이산 웨이브렛 변환 뿐 만 아니라 퓨우리에 변환, 연속 웨이브렛 변환을 이용해서 해석하였다. 제안된 시스템 방범인 퓨우리에와 웨이브렛은 수면뇌파의 중요한 특성파(유파, 수면방추파, K복합, 구파 REM) 검출을 위해서 수면상태를 분석했다. 수면뇌파 분석에는 Daubechies 웨이브렛 변환 방법과 고속 퓨우리에를 이용했다. 모의실험결과 신경망 시스템이 특성 파형의 분류에 높은 성능을 발휘함을 알 수 있었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.242-248
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• 1999

Diazepam, a benzodiazepine (BDZ) agonist, produces sedation and flumazenil, a BDZ antagonist, blocks these actions. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of BDZs on cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) in rats. The recording electrodes were implanted over the frontal and parietal cortices bilaterally, and the reference and ground electrodes over cerebellum under ketamine anesthesia. To assess the effects of diazepam and flumazenil, rats were injected with diazepam (1 mgHg, i.p.) and/or flumazenil ( 1 mg/kg, i.p.), and the EEG was recorded before and after drugs. Normal awake had theta peak in the spectrum and low amplitude waves, while normal sleep showed large amplitude of slow waves. The powers of delta, theta and alpha bands were increased during sleep compared with during awake. Diazepam reduced the mobility of the rat and induced sleep with intermittent fast spindles and large amplitude of slow activity, and it produced broad peak over betaL band and increased the power of gamma band, which were different from EEG patterns in normal sleep. Saline injection awakened rats and abolished fast spindles for a short period about 2-5 min from EEG pattern during diazepam-induced sleep. Flumazenil blocked both diazepam-induced sleep and decreased the slow activities of delta, theta, alpha and betaL, but not of gamma activity for about 10 min or more. This study may indicate that decrease in power of betaL and betaH bands can be used as the measure of central action of benzodiazepines, and that the EEG parameters of benzodiazepines have to be measured without control over the behavioral state by experimenter.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.333-341
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• 2021

벤조디아제핀은 GABA_A 수용체에 작용하고 신경 억제제로 작용하며 불안, 불면증 및 공황 장애를 치료하는 데 사용되는 약물 그룹이다. 우리는 연령, 벤조디아제핀 사용 여부 및 사용 기간에 따라 수면 중 뇌파 소견에 차이가 있는지 관찰하기 위해 30명의 개인의 데이터를 분석했다. 수면다원검사를 통해 얻은 뇌파 소견을 이용하여 벤조디아제핀 복용군과 비복용군, 단기 및 장기복용, 노인과 비 노인군, 고령 단기복용 및 고령 장기복용군을 비교했다. 평가된 항목은 수면 잠복기, 수면 효율, 수면 단계별 백분율, sleep spindle의 개수 및 평균 주파수로 설정하였다. 복용군과 비복용군의 비교에서 sleep stage와 sleep spindle의 평균 주파수 항목에서 유의미하였다. 장기복용과 단기복용군의 비교에서 sleep efficiency 항목에서 유의미하였다. 노인군과 비 노인군과의 비교에서 sleep efficiency, sleep stage 항목에서 유의미하였다. 전반적으로 이 연구 결과를 바탕으로 벤조디아제핀의 사용은 느린 주파수 수면을 억제하고 수면 방추파의 주파수와 빈도를 증가시킨다는 결론을 내릴 수 있다.