• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.80 no.3
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• pp.284-290
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• 2017

Background: We aimed to analyze the factors predicting the diagnostic performance of flexible bronchoscopy without guidance in peripheral lung lesions that are endoscopically invisible. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in St. Paul's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, between January 2007 and March 2013. We included all patients who received bronchoscopy during this period. The analyzed variables were age, sex, the etiology of the lesion, lesion size, distance from the pleura, and presence of the bronchus sign. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to identify the significant independent factors associated with diagnostic yield. Results: We included 151 patients in this study. The overall diagnostic yield was 58.3%. The sensitivity was 43.2% for malignant disease and 78.1% for benign disease. The benign lung lesions (p<0.001), lesion size (p=0.015), presence of the exposed type of bronchus sign (p<0.001), and presence of cavitary lung lesions (p=0.005) were factors influencing the yield of flexible bronchoscopy by univariate analysis. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the exposed type of bronchus sign and benign lung lesions were independent predicting factors (odds ratio [OR]: 27.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.56-103.32; p<0.001 and OR, 4.91; 95% CI, 1.76-13.72; p=0.002). Conclusion: The presence of the exposed type of bronchus sign and benign lung lesions are determining factors of the diagnostic yield in flexible bronchoscopy in evaluating peripheral lesions that are not endoscopically visible.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.52-58
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• 2006

Objectives: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is effective in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), but the major limitation of CPAP may be poor compliance. The aims of the study were to investigate the compliance and side effects of CPAP, and to evaluate the efficacy of CPAP in patients with OSAS. Methods: This study enrolled 106 patients with OSAS who took the CPAP treatment. The severity of daytime sleepiness was measured using Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sleep quality and depressive symptoms were assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively. Results: During 29 months of the study period, 41.5% of patients were using CPAP and 38.7% of patients stopped using it. Compared to non-compliant patients, compliant patients had a higher PSQI score and obstructive apnea index. Among non-compliant patients, 51.2% of them stopped using CPAP within 1months. 85.7% of non-compliant patients were discomforted by the CPAP, but much more nasopharyngeal symptoms were reported in the compliant group. ESS (p<0.01), PSQI (p<0.01) and BMI (p<0.01) were reduced significantly after CPAP treatment but not BDI (p=0.86). Conclusions: We concluded that CPAP can reduce the daytime sleepiness, nocturnal sleep disturbance, and body mass index. To increase the compliance of CPAP, we suggest that some education and support are needed at the early stage of the CPAP treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.374-383
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and depression level of male workers in the manufacturing industry. The survey subjects were 856 male workers in the manufacturing industries in D city. Data collection was conducted through a self-administrated questionnaire survey during the period from March 1 to April 30, 2019. The distribution of depressive level among subjects differed significantly according to various variables of sociodemographic characteristics, health related behaviors and job related characteristics. In addition, the distribution of the depressive group was significantly higher in the group with worse quality of sleep (PSQI). Depression level showed a significant positive correlation with sleep quality. The risk ratio of the depressed group was significantly higher than that of the sleep quality. The results of this study suggest that the depressive level of male workers in the manufacturing industry is significantly related to the quality of sleep as well as sociodemographic, health related and job related characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to improve sleep quality to reduce the level of depression of workers.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 1990

To assess the role of multiple factors in influencing occurrence of ventricular premature complexes after acute myocardial infarction twenty-four hour Holter electrocardiographic tape recording were made in 40 survivors of an acute myocardial infarction 10 to 20 days after attack. Ventricular premature complexes were found in 72.5percent of the patients. The incidence and grade of ventricular premature complexes in the early postinfarction period were not correlated with left ventricular function, age, sex, smoking, dibetes mellitus, previous angina, and previous myocardial infarction. The occurrence of ventricular premature complexes showed a positive correlation with the occurrence of ST-T change. The occurrence of ventricular premature complexes during sleep hours was compared to the awake state. In 22 patients. the incidence of ventricular premature complexes was reduced during sleep. If patients free of ectopic activity during 24-hour monitoring sessions are excluded from analysis, the 22 of patients, or in 76percent, sleep was associated with a lowered occurrence of ventricular extrasystoles.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the changes in stress, occupational stress, and subjective health problems of novice female nurses within the first 18 months of work. Methods: This was a longitudinal study conducted with a secondary data analysis based on the Shift Work Nurse's Health and Turnover (SWNHT) study. The participants were 178 female novice nurses who participated in all 3 data collection activities (on the first day of orientation before ward placement [T0], 6 months after work [T1], and 18 months after work [T2]). The stress, occupational stress, 8 subjective health problems (upper musculoskeletal pain, leg/foot discomfort, depression, anxiety or emotional disorder, sleep disturbance, headache, gastrointestinal disorder, menstrual disorder, and others), and the greatest health problem during the study period were measured, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 to obtain descriptive statistics. Results: The subjective health of novice female nurses were found to be poor at T1 compared to T0 on both physical (upper musculoskeletal pain, leg/foot discomfort, and sleep disturbance) and psychological health problems (depression and stress). However, the psychological health problems of the participants were alleviated at T2 whereas; physical health problems persisted until T2. Conclusion: Novice nurses had poor health problems 6 months after work. Sleep disturbance and musculoskeletal pain persisted although other health problems such as depression and stress were alleviated over the period. Strategies to prevent and manage different health problems of novice female nurses at different work duration are urgently needed.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2017

This paper presents a low-power voltage converter based on a reconfigurable capacitor array. Its energy recycling capacitor array stores the energy during a charge stage and supplies the voltage during an energy recycle stage even after the power source is disconnected. The converter reconfigures the capacitor array step-wise to boost the lost voltage level during the energy recycle stage. Its energy saving is particularly effective when most of the energy remaining in the charge capacitors is wasted by the leakage current during a longer sleep period. Simulations have been conducted using a voltage source of 500 mV to supply a $V_{DD}$ of around 800 mV to a load circuit consisting of four 32-bit adders in a 65-nm CMOS process. Results demonstrate energy recycling efficiency of 85.86% and overall energy saving of 40.14% compared to a conventional converter, when the load circuit is shortly active followed by a long sleep period.

• Journal of the Korean society of biological therapies in psychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.142-155
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• 2018

Insomnia in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) has been underdiagnosed and undertreated. This study reviewed the frequency, characteristics, physical and psychological effects, and treatments of insomnia in HSCT patients to highlight clinical importance in this specialized population. Furthermore, the authors intended to suggest a model that would conceptualize insomnia in the context of HSCT. In the pre-transplant period, about half of patients with HSCT suffered from sleep disturbance. A substantial number of patients experienced distressing insomnia during the HSCT procedure and recovered to the level of the pre-transplant period. However, sleep disruption could be a chronic symptom in HSCT survivors and could negatively impact quality of control, cancer-related fatigue(CRF), immune function, and psychological distress. The 3P's model(Predisposing, Precipitating, Perpetuating) explains insomnia in cancer population and could be also relevant to HSCT patients with specific consideration of CRF, graft-versus-host diseases, specific properties of hematological disease, and protective isolated milieu. Effective treatment of insomnia in HSCT includes non-pharmacological(e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy, environmental modification) and pharmacological interventions. The decision of pharmacological treatment should be based on the issue of safety due to high risk of potential drug-drug interactions. Screening, treatment, and further research of insomnia in HSCT patients using validated subjective and/or objective measures are warranted.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.493-496
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• 2005

For home healthcare, the unconstrained measurement of physiological signal is highly required to avoid the inconvenience of users. The recording and analysis of the fundamental parameters during sleep like respiration and heart beat provide valuable information on his/her healthcare. Using the air mattress sensor system, the respiration and heart beat movements can be measured without any harness or sensor on the subject's body. The differential measurement technique between two air cells is adopted to enhance the sensitivity. The balancing tube between two air cells is used to increase the robustness against postural changes during the measurement period. The meaningful frequency range could be selected by the pneumatic filter with balancing tube. ECG (Electrocardiography) and respiration sensor (plethysmography) were measured for comparison with the signal from air mattress. To extract the heart beat information from air pressure sensor, digital signal processing technique was used. The accuracy for breathing interval and heart beat monitoring was acceptable. It shows the potentials of air mattress sensor system to be the unconstrained home sleep monitoring system.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.670-681
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on postpartum fatigue in the parturient women. Methods: The data were collected from July to September, 2006 using self-report questionnaires. The sample was 143 healthy parturient women who visited the outpatient clinic at 2 hospitals for a routine follow up after childbirth. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 Win program. Results: There were significant differences in the postpartum fatigue by age, religion, sleep hour, and complaint of perceived health problem. The postpartum fatigue were significantly correlated with infant care stress(p<0.001), sleep satisfaction(p<0.001), and feeding difficulty(p=0.016). The multiple regression analysis showed that the postpartum fatigue were significantly predicted by the infant care stress, sleep satisfaction and complaint of perceived health problem. These variables explained 31.8% of the variance of postpartum fatigue. The infant care stress was the main predictor of postpartum fatigue. Conclusions: It could be concluded that the nursing intervention for reducing the infant care stress should be developed to manage the postpartum fatigue for parturient women. Prospective studies are needed to be conducted to verify the causal relationship between infant care stress and postpartum fatigue.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.3-11
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• 2021

In the COVID-19 era, it was implemented to be used as a basic material for setting the direction of learning support and student guidance for university institutions and professors who are experiencing confusion. The purpose of this study is to compare the actual status of daily-routines of COVID-19 period, general semester period, and vacation period, and to examine whether there is a difference between the period of general semester and COVID-19 period, and whether there is a difference in daily use of COVID-19 period depending on grade. For this reason, a questionnaire survey was conducted from April 23 to 29, 2020, targeting students of University A, which is a small-scale technical centered university in the region, and 754 students answered. As a result of the study, first of all, when we looked at the trends in the use of daily-routines by period of general semester, vacation period, and COVID-19 period, the trends of the general semester period and COVID-19 period were similar in the areas of learning and self-development. Second, there were statistically significant differences in sleep, relaxation, learning and other areas between the period of the general semester and the duration of COVID-19. Third, there were statistically significant differences over grade in relaxation, learning, development, and other areas.