• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.602-612
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• 2017

This study was performed to verify various effects of 70% ethanol extract and distilled water extract of pine leaf such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, skin-lightening effects analysis in cells. The result of antioxidant experiment showed that polyphenol content increased concentration dependently in polyphenol and flavonoid effects. The total content of polyphenols and flavonoids was much higher in ethanol extract than water extract. In all the cells of B16F10, RAW264.7 cytotoxicity at each concentration level didn't appear. The result of measuring NO production inhibition showed that it inhibited NO production led to LPS effectively, so anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed. The result of measuring melanin biosynthesis inhibition showed that there was considerably reduction effect, but it performed western blot, and as a result of MITF, Tyrosinase protein revelation, the inhibition of MITF, Tyrosinase revelation was confirmed concentration dependently, Therefore, in this study pine leaf extract was expected to be used as a cosmetic ingredient.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sageretia thea is traditionally used as a medicinal herb to treat various diseases, including skin disorders, in China and Korea. This study evaluated the inhibitory effect of Sageretia thea fruit on melanogenesis and its underlying mechanisms in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. The active chemical compounds in anti-melanogenesis were determined in Sageretia thea. MATERIALS/METHODS: Solvent fractions from the crude extract were investigated for anti-melanogenic activities. These activities and the mechanism of anti-melanogenesis in B16F10 cells were examined by determining melanin content and tyrosinase activity, and by performing western blotting. RESULTS: The n-hexane fraction of Sageretia thea fruit (HFSF) exhibited significant anti-melanogenic activity among the various solvent fractions without reducing viability of B16F10 cells. The HFSF suppressed the expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1). The reduction of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression by the HFSF was mediated by the Akt/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta ($GSK3{\beta}$) signaling pathway, which promotes the reduction of ${\beta}-catenin$. Treatment with the $GSK3{\beta}$ inhibitor 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO) restored HFSF-induced inhibition of MITF expression. The HFSF bioactive constituents responsible for anti-melanogenic activity were identified by bioassay-guided fractionation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis as methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that HFSF and its constituents, methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate, could be used as whitening agents in cosmetics and have potential for treating hyperpigmentation disorders in the clinic.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.674-680
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL) on the process of melanogenesis. Cell viability of B16F10 cells was measured by MTT assay and melanin content was assessed using the method of Hosoi with some modifications. Methanol extract of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (MFLL) significantly inhibited melanin synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner, and it reduced the activity of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting melanogenic enzyme. Additionally, $\alpha$-melanocyte stimulation hormone ($\alpha$-MSH)-induced hyperpigmentation was down-regulated by MFLL. MFLL was fractionated by organic solvent. In the present study, Hexane extract of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (HFLL) inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanin production of B16F10 cells in the absence or presence of $\alpha$-MSH. Ethyl acetate, butanol and water layers did not affect tyrosinase activity and melanin production. Meanwhile ethyl acetate, butanol and water layers showed DPPH free radical scavenging activity. These results suggest that extract of FLL could be used as functional biomaterial in developing a skin whitening agent having the antioxidant activity.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.707-713
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• 2015

Royal jelly has been widely used as a health supplement worldwide. However, royal jelly has been implicated in allergic reactions, and we developed a water-soluble royal jelly (WSRJ) without the allergy inducing protein. In this study, we aimed to identify the anti-melanogenic efficacy of WSRJ. B16F1 melanoma cells were first treated with 10 nM α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and then with various doses of WSRJ. In addition, we investigated the mRNA and protein expression of melanogenesis-related genes such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. WSRJ directly inhibited tyrosinase and cellular tyrosinase activity, which decreased melanin synthesis in α-MSH stimulated B16F1 melanoma cells a level comparable to that observed with arbutin. WSRJ decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2, which was comparable to that observed with arbutin. WSRJ has strong anti-melanogenic activity, which invoice direct inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme activity and suppression of expression of melanogenesis related genes. Results from this study suggests that WSRJ is a potential candidate for the treatment of skin pigmentation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.318-323
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• 2012

This study involved observation of the inhibitory effect of 70% EtOH and water extracts from Doinseunggitang on melanin synthesis, tyrosinase activity, and western blotting using B16F10 melanoma cells. Doinseunggitang extracts inhibited melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity in a dependent manner. As a result, it was found that Doinseunggitang 70% EtOH extracts inhibit melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity, respectively, by 40% and 51%. In addition, western blotting analysis showed that 70% EtOH extracts inhibited tyrosinase, MITF, TRP-1, and TRP-2 expression. These results show that 70% ethanol extracts of Doinseunggitang could be developed as a skin whitening material in cosmetics.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.119-126
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• 2022

In this study, the antioxidant ability, anti-inflammatory ability and whitening effect of the extracted Grateloupia filicina under optimal conditions were confirmed. The useful substances of Grateloupia filicina were extracted with various ethanol aqueous solutions to measure DPPH, ABTS, and nitrite radical elimination capabilities, and the polyphenol and flavonoid contents were analyzed. When extracted with a 20% ethanol aqueous solution, the radical elimination ability was the best, and the content of polyphenol and flavonoids was also the highest. From this, it was confirmed that the 20% ethanol aqueous solution efficiently extracted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory substances of Grateloupia filicina. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of the Grateloupia filicina extract were confirmed using RAW 264.7 cell lines. Grateloupia filicina extract did not show toxicity at a concentration of 200 ㎍/mL, and showed NO production inhibitory capacity of 50% or more at this concentration. As a result, it was confirmed that the Grateloupia filicina extract can be used as a functional cosmetic raw material having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2008

Prunus sargentii R. of Rosaceae familiy, has been reported to have radical scavenging activity and anti-inflammatory effect. On these facts, biological activity and safety test were conducted to evaluate biological activities of the extracts of P. sargentii R. as a potential pharmaceutical ingredient. The electron donating ability of its ethanol extracts at a 500 ppm level showed 92%, which was higher than that of hot water extract (59%), the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of the water extract of P. sargentii R. was about 50%, the ethanol extract of P. sargentii R. was about 40% at 1,000 ppm concentration. Xanthine oxidase inhibition by the water extract of P. sargentii R. was about 40% and that by the ethanol extract was 60% respectively at 500 ppm concentration. From the measurement on lipid oxidation, the $Cu^{2+}$ chelating effect of the ethanol extract was higher than that of hot water extract. The $Fe^{2+}$ chelating effect was also shown to be about 80% at a 500 ppm concentration in both hot water extract and ethanol extract. The tyrosinase inhibition effect related to skin-whitening was 26% by hot water extract and 20% by ethanol extract respectively at a 1,000 ppm. Hyaluronidase inhibition activity related to the anti-inflammation effect was 96% in ethanolic extract at a 500 ppm. Clear zones formed by P. sargentii R. against the human skin-resident micro-flora such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Propionibacterium acnes indicated that antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract was higher than that of the hot water extract.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.382-393
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• 2017

In this study, it studies about Phytosphingosine (PhS) and Phytosphingosine-1-phosphate(PhS1P), and it tries to confirm the effect through anti-inflammatory, anti-melanin, MMP-1 revelation inhibition, and Western blot analysis experiment after grasping toxicity about 3 cells by using B16F10 melanin cell, RAW264.7 macrophage, and HDF fibroblast in order to find out whether it is possible to use as cosmetic material or not by studying biological activity in terns of skin care. As a result of this experiment, it confirmed that toxicity about B16F10, RAW264.7, HDF cell is low, and PhS1P appeared stronger inhibition activity than PhS in anti-inflammatory NO inhibitory activity experiment. MMP-1 revelation was greater in PhS1P, and it confirmed that the mechanism is due to reduction in ERK activity. On the other hands, melanin generation inhibitory activity is better than arbutin, and it confirmed that the mechanism is due to inhibition of revelation of MTF and Tyrosinase. In a nutshell, PhS and PhS1P that are bioactive substance may confirm the possibility to be used as functional cosmetic for wrinkle and skin improvement of whitening cosmetic.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.311-316
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• 2008

We investigated several biological activities using the ethanol extract and its fractions from Dictyota coriacea to evaluate the usefulness of its extract as a functional biomaterial. The ethanol extract and n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions showed dependently inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and melanin content in B16F10 cells. The ethanol extract and its fractions showed inhibitory effect on Tyrosinase and TRP-1 gene transcription but didn't showed inhibitory effect on TRP-2 gene transcription. Also, the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions dose-dependently inhibited the NO production in a RAW 264.7 cells. These results suggest that extract of Dictyota coriacea could be used as functional biomaterial in developing a skin whitening agent having the anti-inflammatory activity.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

In the present study, the antioxidative properties, inhibitory activity on tyrosinase, and active components of Eriobotrya japonica (E. japonica) leaf extract were investigated. The free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity ($FSC_{50}$) of extract/fraction of E. japonica leaf was in the order 50 % ethanol extract ($22.625{\mu}g/mL$) < ethyl acetate fraction (6.75) < deglycosylated aglycone fraction (5.06). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities ($OSC_{50}$) of fraction/extracton ROS generated in $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$ system using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescenceassay were investigated. $OSC_{50}$ of the ethyl acetate fraction, deglycosylated aglycone fraction, and ethanol extract were 0.75, 0.79, and $1.61{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The cellular protective effects of E. japonica leaf extract on the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were investigated. The protective effects of extract/fraction of E. japonica leaf were increased in a in a concentration dependent manner ($5{\sim}50{\mu}g/mL$). Especially, ${\tau}50$ of ethyl acetate fraction at concentrations of $10{\mu}g/mL$ and $50{\mu}g/mL$ showed the most protective effects at 390.8 min and 1471.5 min. The inhibitory effect ($IC_50$) on tyrosinase of E. japonica leaf extracts was higher than arbutin, known as a skin-whitening agent. The order of inhibitory effects was acetate fraction ($75.25{\mu}g/mL$) < 50 % extract (74.1) < deglycosylated aglycone fraction (43.35). TLC of the ethyl acetate fraction showed 7 bands (EJL 1 - EJL 7). HPLC of the aglycone fraction exhibited 2 peaks, kaempferol and quercetin. The amounts of kaempferol and quercetin were 53.7 and 46.3 %. respectively. Therefore, The amounts of kaempferol and its glucoside were a little bit higher than quercetin and its glucoside in E. japonica leaf extract. Accordingly, these findings suggest that extracts/fractions of E. japonica leaf can function as antioxidants in biological systems, especially skin exposed to UV radiation, and protect cellular membranes against ROS. Thus, the extract/fraction of E. japonica leaf may be used in novel functional cosmetics as antioxidants against skin photoaging.