• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1700-1704
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• 2008

Rheum undulatum L. has been commonly used as a cure for hematemesis, dropsy, and haematuria in the Oriental medicine for a long time. The main constituents of R. undulatum are chrysophanol and emodin, which are an antioxidative substance that has an anthraquinone structure. In the present study, to develop a new anti-aging agent, we examined the antioxidant activity and the inhibitory effect of the R. undulatum extract on the synthesis of MMP-1 in UVA-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts and MMP-1 activity. The R. undulatum extract was found to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and superoxide radicals in the xanthine/ xanthine oxidase system by a dose-dependent manner, respectively. UVA-induced MMP-1 expression was reduced about 79.5% by 1 ${\mu}g$/ml of the R. undulatum extract and also inhibited MMP-1 activity in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, it was observed that the R. undulatum extract has the antioxidant activity, regulation of UVA-induced MMP-1 production, and inhibition of MMP-1 activity. Therefore, these results suggest that the R. undulatum extract can be developed as a new anti-aging component of cosmetics.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.187-191
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• 2007

This study was canted out to develop cell lines overexpressing human H-transferase (HT). One of the approaches to prevent hyperacute rejection in xenotransplantation might be the expression of human HT in porcine cells. In this study, we cloned human HT gene from HepG2 cells using RT-PCR to establish HT-overexpressing vector. The full-length cDNA of human HT was inserted into the 3' end of CMV promoter for construction of the overexpression vector pRc/CMV-hHT. Using ietPEI DNA transfection reagent, the vector was introduced into porcine ear skin fibroblasts from newborn piglets. Transfected cells were selected by treatment of $300{\mu}g/ml$ G418 for 12 days. After antibiotic selection, survived colonies with approximately 5mm in diameter were picked and analysed for transgene human HT by PCR. The colonies proven to be human HT transfectants were analysed by RT-PCR to determine their expressions or human HT. In all colonies tested, human HT mRNA was detected. This result demonstrates the establishment of porcine cell lines overexpressing human HT, and these cell lines may be used for the development of transgenic pigs for xenotransplantation.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.169-177
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• 2011

To evaluate the whitening effect of Camellia sinensis water extract (CSWE), CSWE was treated to melan-a cells. Total polyphenol contents and flavonoid contents of CSWE were 102 mg/g and 87 mg/g, respectively. The electron-donating ability of CSWE revealed a dose-dependent response, showing the excellent ability of 82% at 800 ${\mu}g$/mL, and which was higher than the arbutin (48%). The CSWE significantly (p<0.001) suppressed the melanin synthesis and the development of melanocyte dendrites was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. The CSWE significantly (p<0.001) inhibited both intra-cellular and cell-extracted tyrosinase activities. And inhibitory efficacies of CSWE on both melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity were significantly (p<0.001) higher than the arbutin. The tyrosinase protein expression was not influenced by arbutin treatment. However, CSWE treatment significantly (p<0.001) reduced it. Both arbutin and CSWE treatment did not influence on mRNA expressions of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 and tyrosinase related protein-2.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.625-629
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the anti-wrinkle effects of peptides derived from collagens isolated from Asterias amurensis, which was collected in the East Sea. The molecular weights of the peptides were between 10-50 kDa, as determined through sephadek G-75 gel. The cytotoxicities against CCD-986sk cells and HEL-299 cells were measured using the MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of all the fractions(F1: Fraction No. 4-13, 116 kDa; F2: Fraction No. 25-30, 100 kDa; F3: Fraction No. 45-55, 58 kDa; F4: Fraction No. 59-63, 43 kDa; F5: Fraction No. 79-90, 24 kDa) was less than 25%, by the addition of 1.0 mg/mL. These peptides did not show any adverse effects on human skin cells. In the presence of F1 at 1.0 mg/mL, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression of UVA-induced human normal fibroblasts was reduced to 34.8%. Overall, the results seem to suggest that peptides of approximately 20 kDa have superior anti-wrinkle effects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.5070-5077
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• 2014

Many countries in the world have protected their native plants and utilized them as industrial materials in each country. In this aspect, it is increasingly important to develop cosmetics materials using native plants in Korea. Cosmetic materials have been developed with niche plants, such as Campanula takesimana Nakai, Dianthus superbus, Aster spathulifolius in Ullengdo, in which a specific plant distribution by distinct climate and environment was present. Water and ethanol extractions were performed from the calluses of Campanula takesimana Nakai, Dianthus superbus, Aster spathulifolius. HPLC analysis revealed different compositions and functions of effective elements in each ethanol extract. For example, all types of ethanol extracts showed an ability to heal wounds. In particular, the expression of the inflammation-related gene, COX-2, was decreased in response to the ethanol extracts of Dianthus superbus. These results indicate that the ethanol extracts from niche plants' calluses in Ullengdo are natural and environmentally-friendly compounds, and can be used as medical supplies associated with anti-inflammation and wound healing.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammation effect of extract of Carthamus tinctorious seed, on skin obtained from Gyeong buk, Korea. Regulatory mechanisms of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) involved in immunological activity of Raw 264.7 cells. Tested cells were pretreated with 70% ethanol extracted of Carthamus tinctorious seed and further cultured for an appropriated time after the addition of lipopolyssacharide (LPS). During the entire experimental period, 5, 10, 25 and 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ of Carthamus tinctorious seed showed no cytotoxicity. In these concentrations, ethyl acetate layer of ethanol extracted Carthamus tinctorius seed (CT-E/E) inhibited the production of NO and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), tumor necorsis factor-a (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). At a 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ level of CT-E/E, $PGE_2$, iNOS and COX-2 inhibition activity were shown 60%, 38%, and 42%, respectively. In addition, CT-E/E reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6. These results suggest that Carthamus tinctorious seed extracts may be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent due to the significant effects on inflammatory factors.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the synthetic CopA3 peptide of Copris tripartitus on skin inflammation. Regulatory mechanisms of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in the immunological activity of RAW 264.7 cells. Tested cells were treated with different concentrations of CopA3 and further cultured for an appropriate time after lipopolyssacharide (LPS) addition. During the entire experimental period, 5, 25, 50, and 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ of CopA3 had no cytotoxicity. At these concentrations, CopA3 inhibited tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). CopA3 also inhibited the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). CopA3 inhibited the activity of iNOS and COX-2 by 41% and 59%, respectively, at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$. In addition, CopA3 reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and IL-6. These results suggest that CopA3 may have significant effects on inflammatory factors and that it may be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.7
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• pp.801-808
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• 2017

The present study investigated the protective effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum culture supernatants (BbSC) and intracellular cell-free extracts (BbICFE) on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) against ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation. HDFs were treated with UV-B, UV-B+BbCS, and UV-B+BbICFE. Treatment of UV-B-irradiated HDFs with BbCS and BbICFE significantly increased cell viability compared to UV-B-irradiated HDFs. BbCS treatment reduced senescence in HDFs by approximately 40.0%. Moreover, sub-G1 phase was significantly reduced in BbCS- and BbICFE-treated HDFs (3.3% and 4.5%, respectively). The effect of UV-B on oxidative damage of HDFs was measured by dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Fluorescence intensity significantly increased in UV-B-irradiated HDFs. Inhibition of cellular reactive oxygen species in HDFs treated with 0.01% BbCS was the highest at 34.1%. Levels of p21 and p53 protein expression induced by UV-B irradiation were reduced by treatment with BbCS and BbICFE (47.0% and 35.6%, respectively). These results show that BbCS and BbICFE reduce UV-B-induced cellular senescence and apoptosis in HDFs. Thus, BbCS and BbICFE can be used as potential agents for protection of UV-B-induced skin cell damage.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.297-305
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• 2014

Red ginseng (RG) contains specific ginsenosides (Rg2, Rg3) which show various pharmacological effects and absorption rate in the body better than panax ginseng. Therefore many people have been used it for health for a long time. Furthermore, many researchers have been studying its biological activities for a long times because fermentation generates lots of beneficial small molecules good for health. In this study, we fermented red ginseng with mycelium of Leatiporus sulphures var. miniatus for 7 days. As a result, we found that three ginsenosides Rg1, Re and Rb2 were decreased from 0.24, 0.25, 0.16 mg/g to 0.12, 0.1, 0.03 mg/g respectively HPLC analysis. In addition, we studied biological activities of fermented red ginseng (FRG) about skin ageing such as anti-inflammation, cell migration, anti-oxidation, collagen type 1 synthesis, and MMP-1 inhibition activities. As a result, FRG were shown higher anti-inflammatory and cell migration promoting activities than RG. FRG inhibited production of nitric oxide (NO) and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and decreased interleukin (IL)-6 induced by LPS stimulation in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, this study suggest that FRG could be a potential source as a new natural anti-inflammatory agent.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the anti-aging effect of Rosa damascena extract containing low molecular glycoprotein (RELG) converted from the high molecular glycoprotein by bioconversion. Free radical scavenging activities were performed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Antioxidant activities ($IC_{50}$) of RELG and the positive control ascorbic acid were $22.6{\mu}g/mL$ and $21.1{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. For skin cells, $15{\mu}g/mL$ RELG showed 28% antioxidant activity by inhibiting the production of active oxygen species induced by ultraviolet ray and hydrogen peroxide. $15{\mu}g/mL$ RELG prevented 10% the cell death caused by stress in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HDPC) and reduced 90% the production of active oxygen species. In addition, the glycoprotein showed not only anti-wrinkle effect but also moisturizing effect by 48% inhibition of matrix metallo proteinase-1 (MMP-1) production by ultraviolet stress and $10{\mu}g/mL$ RELG enhanced 10% neutral lipid synthesis with 44% aquaporin 3 (AQP3) expression, which is moisture factor. In conclusion, the RELG can be used as an anti-aging cosmetic material.