• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.34
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• pp.367-386
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• 2014

The development of science was crucial to recent advancements in design such as digital contents, UI, GUI, UX design. Not until the DOS evolved into Windows OS were many kinds of digital media design created, namely due to the invention of the computer mouse. A necessary element of mobile phones and Window OS is icons, since icons act as visual symbols, touch buttons and gateways into software content. Icons have undergone many stages of development simultaneously with developments in digital science. We can observe changes in mobile icon design from Skeuomorphism Design to Minimalism to Flat Design. These changes were caused by macro-level trends in design across all other industries. Apple iPhone's Skeuomorphism Design of 2013 evolved into IOS7's Minimalism and Flat Design of 2014. In the mobile world, flat design will again create big changes in design. This research aims to contribute to basic research data of GUI design that are used by creators of mobile apps to understand and anticipate future trends.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.71-80
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• 2015

Minimalism means abstinence characterized by simplicity, clarity, repetition, and exclusion while skeuomorphism means visual metaphor design characterized by retro, function, and emotion. Mobile platform interface has been developed based on those two aesthetic characteristics and user experience is evaluated using apple iOS6 and iOS7 representing skeuomorphism and minimalism respectively in this paper. Those two aesthetic designs on typography, color, and icon were tested with a sample of 35 undergraduate participants in the repeated measures design and the results showed that participants distinguished two types of aesthetic designs, and evaluated that iOS7 is superior to iOS6 on typography and identity. Comparing the levels of the three variables, aesthetic of typography, and accuracy, aesthetic and consistency of icon design were significantly differentiated and this means that although accuracy of icon design of iOS6 is superior to iOS7, iOS7 is superior in the rest of it. Overall, the participants had a positive evaluation toward iOS7.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.503-513
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• 2016

Innovator and Early Adopter are main clients of smart phone until now, but the silver generation enjoying price stability and the Internet emerges, so a strategy of the importance, systematic classification, and focus of a neglected class is needed. It is necessary to analyze UI that can departmentalize not a neglected class limited to the silver generation but potential users who can be voluntarily users and can secure them. To secure them, the researcher analyzes how Windows, Icons, Mouse Pull-Down-Menus(WIMP) of UI has been applied in the process that skeuomorphism UI of iPhone, Metro UI of MS, and Material UI of Google change. As a result of an analysis, skeuomorphism is not entirely new and has secured potential users slowly with a method to compensate and improve a part that users disregard. As a concept of touch UI, Metro UI considered potential users from the beginning but did not secure them with new and epoch-making UI. However, Material UI of Google compensates the weaknesses of skeuomorphism UI and Metro UI and emphasizes cost-effectiveness, so has developed into UI that can secure final consumers of potential users. Therefore, to secure potential users, it should make users themselves understand why they should use smart phone, and it should approach with more organized studies on UI through feedback of observation and direct talks.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.560-567
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• 2023

This study aims to rediscover the industrial value of a borderless service in the hyper-connected era by producing fashion content at the forefront of the cultural industry as XR content and contributing to developing fashion content for edutech. The research method employed design aesthetic theory, while the empirical proposal utilized scientific knowledge information to build a framework for 3D convergence content. The characteristics of fashion content exhibitions that apply the neumorphism technique are as follows: The first is a virtual space that produces clothing culture by type. Africa, where dyeing and crafts are developed, selects a product-oriented exhibition type; Asia, where weaving and textiles are excellent, selects a random movement type; and Europe, where the evolution of clothing design over time is evident, selects a guided movement type to create a three-dimensional fashion edutech. The goal was to produce content. The second is creative reproducibility, which combines a new fashion design that embraces the aura of the original with a trendy sense. The realistic folk costume style of the original allowed for its implementation in the AR exhibition space using historical traditional style techniques such as weaving and textiles. The third is building organic, modular content. By designing and then saving/editing/arranging the basic VP zone for each style, learners and instructors can freely edit the content for each fashion class topic and create various presentations to ensure that it functions as non-face-to-face edutech content around the world.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.200-208
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• 2020

The domain of Web design gradually expands with the utilization of the Web and the development of technologies, but there are insufficient related studies. Thus, this study would recognize the importance of the Web design market and present the direction of designs in the future by investigating the process of changes in Web design. This study investigated the background of the revelation and evolution of design expression techniques and the flow of the information technology affecting the design and conducted a study analyzing the process of changes of Web design based on this. It is judged that this study has significance as the baseline research material for the expansion of the Web design domain of the future. As for the scope of the research, based on 30 years of the history of the Web, this study was conducted with materials on Websites, which had become issues from 1990 through the early-2000s and selected the winners of a grand prize in Web Award Korea since the mid-2000s as the subjects of analysis. This study analyzed the formative characteristics of design expression techniques and the characteristics of the information technology that affected Web design. As a result of the research, changes in design expression techniques could be divided broadly into minimalism and skeuomorphism, and it was found that the methods of expressing Web designs changed in various ways, affected by the development of information technology. It is predicted that with the emergence of various devices and the vitalization of video contents, the designs affected by minimalism, which can harmonize with them, will continue in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.148-160
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• 2021

Although a great deal of research has been carried out recently with the rise of importance of the UI design, little research has been conducted on the new Neumorphism design. Given the paucity of the research, we demonstrated the development process of GUI design, focusing on the UI design trends, Skeuomorphism, Flat, Material design and the emerging Neumorphism design. Based on this, the aim of the study is to look into the possibility of Neumorphism design, which is currently drawing attention, as the new UI design trends. This study was ordered as follows in two ways. First, drawing from the work of literature, we illustrated the UI design trends by considering the Skeuomorphism, Flat, and Material Design which were before the advent of the Neumorphism design. In addition, we conducted a study on the characteristics and limitations of the UI design trends through actual cases in which UI designs were applied. Second, the Material design as the most recent UI design trends and the Neumorphism design were compared with the method of expression based on the definition and characteristics of Neumorphism design that we investigated. In this context, we also analyzed the possibility of Neumorphism becoming the new UI design trend. We proposed an application of the design to maximize the benefits. This study is meaningful in that the Neumorphism design, which has yet to be studied, is likely to become the UI design trends in the future.