• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2015

The "Ondong tunnel" is not used now where is one of the tunnels in the Janghang line which is from Cheonan to Iksan. The length of the tunnel is 214 m. The location of the fire source is center of the tunnel and the pool fire with heptane is for the fire source. Tests are carried out for the various fire sizes, the height and obstructed/open condition of the fire source. Temperature on the top of the tunnel is measured. Even if the fire size is same, the maximum temperature on the ceiling of the tunnel for the elevated fire source is very larger than the maximum for the ground fire source. As the fire size is lager the maximum temperature on the ceiling is higher. These test results can be very useful for design and guidelines of fire detectors in tunnels.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1189-1196
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• 2015

In this paper, we proposed automatic extraction of brain tumor using morphological operation and statistical tumors size in MR images. Neurosurgery have used gamma-knife therapy by MR images. However, the gamma-knife plan systems needs the brain tumor regions, because gamma-ray should intensively radiate to the brain tumor except for normal cells. Therefore, gamma-knife plan systems spend too much time on designating the tumor regions. In order to reduce the time of designation of tumors, we progress the automatical extraction of tumors using proposed method. The proposed method consist of two steps. First, the information of skull at MRI slices remove using statistical tumors size. Second, the ROI is extracted by tumor feature and average of tumors size. The detection of tumor is progressed using proposed and threshold method. Moreover, in order to compare the effeminacy of proposed method, we compared snap-shot and results of proposed method.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2015

This study tried to investigate the difference of the legibility in different age groups (young and old) with same near visual acuity and to provide preliminary guidelines for the text sizes in the pesticides products based on the legibility experiments. To achieve the objective, legibility evaluation experiments were conducted to test the effects of different age(20s, 50-60s), gender, font type(thick gothic-type and fine gothic-type), thickness (plain and bold), and number of syllables(2 and 3 syllables) in the same near visual acuity(0.6). The results showed that legibility 50s was higher than 20s. And 20s are appealed higher discomfort than 50s. Considering these experimental results, it was recommended that the 14 pt or larger characters (100% readable size) should be used the important information such as toxicity, and the minimum character size was 7 pt (50% readable size) for other information.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2015

이 연구에서는 경찰의 조직적 특성 중 경찰관서의 규모가 직무만족과 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 경찰관서 규모에 따른 직무만족 및 이직의도의 차이를 살펴보기 위해 독립변수는 관서규모와 급지, 종속변수는 직무만족과 이직의도로 구성하여 일원변량 분산분석(One-way ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 그 결과 관서규모와 급지 둘 다 직무만족과 이직의도에서 통계적으로 유의미한 수준의 차이가 발견되었다. 구체적으로 첫째, 관서규모에 따른 직무만족 수준에서는 경찰관이 근무하는 관서규모가 작을수록 직무 만족의 수준이 낮고, 관서규모가 클수록 직무만족의 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 관서규모에 따른 이직의도 수준에서는 통계적으로 유의한 결과는 아니나 경찰서 지구대 근무자 보다는 지방청 근무자의 이직의도가 상대적으로 낮게 나타났다. 셋째, 급지에 따른 직무만족 수준에서는 상급지 경찰서에 근무할수록 직무만족의 수준이 낮고 하급지 경찰서에 근무할수록 직무만족의 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 급지에 따른 이직의도 수준에서는 상급지 경찰서에 근무할수록 이직의도의 수준이 높고 하급지 경찰서에 근무할수록 이직의도의 수준이 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

• 환경생물
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2015

We identified two soil stichotrichs, Eschaneustyla lugeri Foissner, Agatha & Berger, 2002 and Oxytricha auripunctata Blatterer & Foissner, 1988, which were collected from Sarabong, Jeju and Ajoong-ri, Jeonju in Korea, respectively. Eschaneustyla lugeri had the following characteristics: size in vivo $170-230{\mu}m{\times}40-60{\mu}m$; body elongate elliptical and often very narrow in the posterior region, highly flexible; cortical granules present; 48-67 macronuclear nodules; 27-47 frontal cirri; 3-5 buccal cirri; frontoterminal row and rightmost midventral row; transverse cirri absent; 4 dorsal kineties; 4-9 caudal cirri. Oxytricha auripunctata had the following characteristics: size in vivo $75-95{\mu}m{\times}25-35{\mu}m$; body elliptical, both ends moderately narrowly rounded; orange-yellow cortical granules and yellowish crystals; 3-4 transverse cirri; 5 dorsal kineties; 3 caudal cirri. These two ciliates are first reported in Korea. We describe these ciliates based on live observations and protargol-impregnated specimens.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum FH185 on the reduction of adipocyte size and gut microbial changes in mice with diet-induced obesity. The strain was found to have a lipase inhibitory activity of 70.09±2.04% and inhibited adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells (18.63±0.98%) at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. To examine the effect of the strain supplementation on gut microbial changes in mice with diet-induced obesity, male C57BL/6J mice were fed on four different diets (i.e., A, normal diet (ND); B, high-fat diet (HFD); C, HFD with ABT-3 (10⁹ CFU/day); and D, HFD with L. plantarum FH185 (10⁹ CFU/day)) for 6 wk. According to the results of fecal pyrosequencing, the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in groups C and D was lower than in the control groups at the phylum level. At the family level, Lactobacillaceae in groups C and D was observed to dominate, while Lachnospiraceae in groups A and B was observed to dominate. At the genus level, Lactobacillus in groups C and D was comparatively higher than in groups A and B. To examine the effects of strain supplementation on the reduction of adipocyte size, the left and right epididymal fat pads were quickly isolated after the animals were sacrificed, and the adipocyte sizes were measured. In groups A, C and D, the percentage of 2,000 m² of adipocyte was higher than in the other size of adipocyte, while the percentage of over 5,000 m² of adipocyte was highest in group B. The mean adipocyte size of group D was significantly larger than that of group A, but smaller than that of group B.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

In this study, the design of compound smart materials hydraulic pump that can be applied to a small-medium size UAV having a limited space envelope and weight has been conducted. Compound Smart Material Pump(CSMP) proposed in this paper is composed of a pressurize pump and a flow pump for supplying the high pressure and fluid displacement to overcome the disadvantages of the piezoelectric actuator which has a small strain. Though this compound smart material pump has been designed as small size and lightweight as possible, it can sequentially supply the sufficient large flow rate and pressure required for the brake operation. For the design of CSMP, about 2,700 kg (6,000 lb) class fixed wing manned aircraft was selected. Based on the established requirements, the design of the CSMP have been done by strength, vibration, and fluid flow analysis.

• 환경생물
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2015

We discovered three soil ciliates of the class Colpodea-Colpoda henneguyi Fabre-Domergue, 1889; C. lucida Greeff, 1888; and Bursaria truncatella $M{\ddot{u}}ller$, 1773 from Obong-ri, Ayajin-ri and Elwang-ri (Korea), respectively. Colpoda henneguyi had the following features: often wider preorally than postorally, size in vivo $60-80{\mu}m{\times}50-70{\mu}m$; extrusomes indistinct in vivo, cylindroid approximately $1{\mu}m$ long; notches caused by deep diagonal groove; yellowish globules on the cortex of the cell; 10-12 postoral kineties; silverline system aspera-type. Colpoda lucida exhibited the following features: broadly reniform, size in vivo $70-90{\mu}m{\times}50-70{\mu}m$; conspicuous extrusomes, $3.5-5{\mu}m$ long in vivo, cylindroid to fusiform; 13-16 postoral kineties; silverline system cucullus-type. Bursaria truncatella had the following features: bursiform, size in vivo $300-470{\mu}m{\times}120-260{\mu}m$; macronucleus coiled with highly variable shapes, $600-1100{\mu}m{\times}30-40{\mu}m$ long in vivo; micronuclei 16-25 in number, approximately $4{\mu}m$ in diameter; extrusomes cylindroid, $3-4{\mu}m$ long in vivo. This is the first report of colpodean ciliates from Korea, and we describe these species based on observations of live and impregnated (protargol and silver nitrate impregnation) specimens.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2015

We introduce a new synthesis method to prepare small TiO₂ nanoparticles with a narrow particle size distribution, which is achieved by electron beam (E-beam) irradiation. The effects of E-beam irradiation on the synthesis of TiO₂ nanoparticles and the electrochemical performance of TiO₂ nanoparticles as alternative anode materials for Li-ion batteries are investigated. The TiO₂ nanoparticles induced by E-beam irradiation present better cycling performance and rate capability than the TiO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by normal hydrolysis reaction. The better electrochemical performance is attributed to small particle size and narrow particle size distribution, resulting in the large surface area that provides innumerable reaction sites and short diffusion length for Li⁺ through TiO₂ nanoparticles.

• 경영과학
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.13-28
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• 2015

Using the most recent dataset of Korea and U.S. household finance, this study analyzed demand and adequacy of private pensions for pre-retirees. For this purpose, 2013 Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS) of national pension research institute in Korea and 2013 SCF (Survey of Consumer Finances) of FRB in U.S. were used. For comprehensive comparisons of the two countries, this study classified the private pension into sub-categories such as personal pension, corporate pension, and retirement benefits, and used three different criteria including ownership, accumulated present value of each pension, and income replacement ratio of each pension. After controlling for other factors, educational level of householder and household income were critical determinants of size and adequacy of private pension in both countries. Different from Korean households, householders' gender, marital status, and health status had an important effect on the private pension size and adequacy in the U.S. In addition, home ownership significantly increased only private pension adequacy in Korea, and also increased ownership rate, size, and adequacy of private pension in the U.S. Results of this study provide useful implications for future pension system and policy in Korea.