• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.55-61
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• 2020

This study was conducted to identify the organizational commitment to health centers in the city of G from September 1, 2018 to September 29, 2018, and empowerment, which is the output of the organization, and to examine organizational diagnosis using the Six-Box Model. In the organizational diagnosis of the health center using the Six-Box Model, the support area was 3.62 points, and the attitude toward change was 3.62 points, which was higher than other areas. In the organizational diagnosis according to gender, the scores of women were higher in males than in males. In the organizational diagnosis according to the type of jobs, the purpose, relationships, rewards, and area scores of nursing jobs were higher than those of other types of jobs. In the future, the public health center is a public institution that provides health administration and medical services to residents of the community, and it is necessary to improve the capacity of the organization through continuous health center organizational diagnosis.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.432-461
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• 1995

The basic principles in the design of Class II amalgam cavity preparations have been modified but not changed in essence over the last 90 years. The early essential principle was "extension for prevention". Most of the modifications have served to reduce the extent of preparation and, thus, increase the conservation of sound tooth structure. A more recent concept relating to conservative Class II cavity preparations involves elimination of occlusal preparation if no carious lesion exists in this area. To evaluate the ideal ClassII cavity preparation design, if carious lesion exists only in the interproximal area, three cavity design conditions were studied: Rodda's conventional cavity, simple proximal box cavity and proximal box cavity with retention grooves. In this study, MO amalgam cavity was prepared on maxillary first premolar. Three dimensional finite element models were made by serial photographic method. Linear, eight and six-nodal, isoparametric brick elements were used for the three dimensional finite element model. The periodontal ligament and alveolar bone surrounding the tooth were excluded in these models. Three types model(B option, Gap option and R option model) were developed. B option model was assumed perfect bonding between the restoration and cavty wall. Gap option model(Gap distance: $2{\mu}m$) was assumed the possibility of play at the interface simulated the lack of real bonding between the amalgam and cavity wall (enamel and dentin). R option model was assumed non-connection between the restoration and cavty wall. A load of 500N was applied vertically at the first node from the lingual slope of the buccal cusp tip. This study analysed the displacement, 1 and 2 direction normal stress and strain with FEM software ABAQUS Version 5.2 and hardware IRIS 4D/310 VGX Work-station. The results were as followed. 1. Rodda's cavity form model showed greater amount of displacement with other two models. 2. The stress and strain were increased on the distal marginal ridge and buccopulpal line angle in Rodda's cavity form model. 3. The stress and strain were increased on the central groove and a part of distal marginal ridge in simple proximal box model and proximal box model with retention grooves. 4. With Gap option, Rodda's cavity form model showed the greatest amount of the stress on distal marginal ridge followed by proximal box model with retention grooves and simple proximal box model in descending order. 5. With Gap option, simple proximal box model showed greater amount of stress on the central groove with proximal box model with retention grooves. 6. Retention grooves in the proximal box played the role of supporting the restorations opposing to loads.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.439-441
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• 2002

The aim of this study is to reconstruct the 3D target volume from multiple projection images. It was assumed that we were already aware of the target position exactly, and all processes were performed in Target Coordinates whose origin was the center of the target. We used six projections: two projections were used to make a Reconstruction Box and four projections were for image acquisition. Reconstruction Box was made up of voxels of 3D matrix. Projection images were transformed into 3D volume in this virtual box using geometrical based back-projection method. Algorithm was applied to an ellipsoid model and horse-shoe shaped model. Projection images were created using C program language by geometrical method and reconstruction was also accomplished using C program language and Matlab(The Mathwork Inc., USA). For ellipsoid model, reconstructed volume was slightly overestimated but target shape and position was proved to be correct. For horse-shoe shaped model, reconstructed volume was somewhat different from original target model but there was a considerable improvement in target volume determination.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.115-126
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• 2011

This paper estimates the number of Korean cattle using time-series ARIMA model. This study classifies the structure of the number of cattle into six indexes to reflect the characteristics of cattle. This study apply ARIMA model to these six indexes according to Box-Jenkins procedure to identify, estimate and predict. The rates of slaughter for aged female and aged male cow is analyzed as non-stationary time series which has unit roots and other 4 indexes is analyzed as stationary time series. The differencing is applied to get rid of non-stationarity for the non-stationary time series. The results show that the number of cattle will be reduced from 2012 as a higher point and rebounded from 2018 as a lower point.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to present basic data on organizational changes in a Korean medicine hospital by performing organizational diagnosis and examining the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of the hospital. Methods : The subjects were a total of 218 employees in four Korean medicine hospitals, and data were collected from 1st to 25th September 2015. Using SPSS 21.0, frequency analysis, technical statistical analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results : The Korean medicine hospital tended to value relationships, the rewards for and attitudes towards change were low. The number of participants in this study with higher organizational diagnosis scores was high for job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and there was a strong positive correlation. It was seen that rewards, relationship, helpful mechanisms, and leadership among organizational diagnosis areas had an effect on job satisfaction, and helpful mechanisms, purposes, and leadership had an effect on organizational commitment. Conclusions : These findings will be useful because policies, research, and education are needed to facilitate organizational changes in Korean medicine hospitals.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.353-367
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• 2006

Two full-scale, precast, pretensioned box girders were subjected to shear-dominated loading, one under monotonic loads to failure and the other subjected to one-half million cycles of fatigue loads followed by monotonic ultimate loads. The number of cycles was selected to allow for comparison with previous research. The fatigue loads were applied in combination with occasional overloads. In the present study, fatigue loading reduced the shear capacity by only six percent compared to the capacity under monotonic loading. However, previous research on flexure-dominated girders subjected to the same number of repeated loads showed that fatigue loading changed the mode of failure from flexure to shear/flexure and the girder capacity dropped by 14 percent. The comparison of the measured data with calculated shear capacity from five different theoretical methods showed that the ACI code method, the compression field theory, and the modified compression field theory led to reasonable estimates of the shear strength. The truss model led to an overly conservative estimate of the capacity.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.487-495
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• 2021

The use of prestressed concrete box girder bridges built by segmentally balanced cantilevers has bloomed in the last decades due to its significant structural and construction advantages in complex topographies. In Colombia, this typology is the most common solution for structures with spans ranging of 80-200 m. Despite its popularity, excessive deflections in bridges worldwide evidenced that time-dependent effects were underestimated. This problem has led to the constant updating of the creep and shrinkage models in international code standards. Differences observed between design processes of box girder bridges of the Colombian code and Eurocode, led to the need for a validation of in-service status of these structures. This study analyzes the long-term behavior of the Tablazo bridge with data scarcity. The measured leveling of this structure is compared with a finite-element model that consider the most widely used creep and shrinkage models in the literature. Finally, an adjusted model evidence excessive deflection on the bridge after six years. Monitoring of this bridge typology in Colombia and updating of the current design code is recommended.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.86 no.2
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• pp.181-195
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• 2023

To predict the rheological behaviours along with the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete that incorporates environmentally friendly ingredients as cement substitutes, a comparative evaluation of machine learning methods is conducted. To model four parameters, slump flow diameter, L-box ratio, V-funnel time, as well as compressive strength at 28 days-a complete mix design dataset from available pieces of literature is gathered and used to construct the suggested machine learning standards, SVM, MARS, and Mp5-MT. Six input variables-the amount of binder, the percentage of SCMs, the proportion of water to the binder, the amount of fine and coarse aggregates, and the amount of superplasticizer are grouped in a particular pattern. For optimizing the hyper-parameters of the MARS model with the lowest possible prediction error, a gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is required. In terms of the correlation coefficient for modelling slump flow diameter, L-box ratio, V-funnel duration, and compressive strength, the prediction results showed that MARS combined with GSA could improve the accuracy of the solo MARS model with 1.35%, 11.1%, 2.3%, as well as 1.07%. By contrast, Mp5-MT often demonstrates greater identification capability and more accurate prediction in comparison to MARS-GSA, and it may be regarded as an efficient approach to forecasting the rheological behaviors and compressive strength of SCC in infrastructure practice.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.602-608
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to calculate the temperature difference of the sectional elevation according to the asphalt thickness of the steel box girder bridge deck and provide data on the design basis accordingly. Asphalt thicknesses produced four steel box girder model specimens of 0mm, 50mm, 100m and 150mm. In each model, 17 to 23 temperature sensors were attached to upper concrete and steel box girders. Six temperature gauges were selected to compare the temperature difference with Euro codes. The maximum and lowest temperature were calculated at the reference atmospheric temperature of each model, and the temperature difference (slope) was calculated based on this calculation. Four models of temperature difference are presented at each model. The 0mm to 100mm temperature difference models showed a -0.9 to -1.5 degree lower temperature difference compared to the temperature difference of Euro codes at the top of the slab. Overall, the measured temperature difference was found to be between 5.45% and 8.33% compared to the Euro code. The standard error coefficient, which was calculated by multiplying the average temperature with the standard error, was calculated from a range of 2.50 to 2.51 times the average at the top and bottom. It is estimated that the proposed temperature difference model can be used as a basic data when calculating temperature difference criteria for bridges in Korea.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2018

Three-dimensional panels are one of the modern construction systems which can be placed in the category of industrial buildings. There have always been a lot of studies and efforts to identify the behavior of these panels and improve their capacity due to their earthquake resistance and high speed of performance. This study will provide a comparative evaluation of behavior of updated three-dimensional panel's structural components under lateral load in both independent and dependent modes. In fact, this study tries to simultaneously evaluate strengthening effect of three-dimensional panels and the effects of system state (independent, L-shaped and BOX shaped Walls) with reinforcement armatures with different angles on the three-dimensional panels. Overall, six independent wall model, L-shaped, roofed L-shaped, BOX-shaped walls with symmetric loading, BOX -shaped wall with asymmetrical loading and roofed BOX-shaped wall were built. Then the models are strengthened without strengthened reinforcement and with strengthened reinforcements with an angle of 30, 45 and 60 degrees. The applied lateral loading, is exerted by changing the location on the end wall. In BOX-shaped wall, in symmetric and asymmetric loading, the load bearing capacity will be increased about 200 and 50% respectively. Now, if strengthened, the load bearing capacity in symmetric and asymmetric loading will be increased 3.5 and 2 times respectively. The effective angle of placement of strengthened reinforcement in the independent wall is 45 and 60 degrees. But in BOX-shaped and L-shaped walls, the use of strengthened reinforcement 45 degrees is recommended.