• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.333-339
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• 2009

Objective : Few studies on the clinical spectrum of automated pressure-controlled discography (APCD)-defined positive discs have been reported to date. Thus, the present study was undertaken to analyze clinical parameters critical for diagnosis of discogenic pain and to correlate imaging findings with intradiscal pressures and pain responses in patients with APCD-positive discs. Methods : Twenty-three patients who showed APCD-positive discs were selected for analysis. CT discogram findings and the degrees of nuclear degeneration seen on MRI were analyzed in comparison to changes of intradiscal pressure that provoked pain responses; and clinical pain patterns and dynamic factors were evaluated in relation to pain provocation. Results : Low back pain (LBP), usually centralized, with diffuse leg pain was the most frequently reported pattern of pain in these patients. Overall, LBP was most commonly induced by sitting posture, however, standing was highly correlated with L5/S1 disc lesions (p<0.01). MRI abnormalities were statistically correlated with grading of CT discogram results (p<005); with most pain response observed in CT discogram Grades 3 and 4. Pain-provoking pressure was not statistically correlated with MRI grading. However, it was higher in Grade 3 than Grade 4. Conclusion : APCD-positive discs were demonstrated in patients reporting centralized low back pain with diffuse leg pain, aggravated by sitting and standing. MRI was helpful to assess the degree of nuclear degeneration, yet it could not guarantee exact localization of the painful discs. APCD was considered to be more useful than conventional discography for diagnosis of discogenic pain.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to compare muscle structure, balance, and gait parameters between healthy adults and persons with stroke and to analyze the correlation among these variables. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty persons with stroke (11 male, 9 female) and twenty healthy participants (9 male, 11 female) were included. Ultrasound images of the triceps surae and the tibialis anterior were acquired in sitting resting, sitting co-contraction, and standing resting positions and also during the functional reach test (FRT) and single leg anterior reaching test (SLART). Muscle thickness and fascicle length were measured. Spatiotemporal parameters of gait were measured using a pressure walkway. Gait speed, cadence, step length, stride length, stance time, and swing time were measured. Results: Changes in percent fascicle length were significantly greater in the gastrocnemius and soleus (SOL) muscles of healthy adults in the sitting co-contraction position (p<0.05). The percent fascicle length of the SOL in FRT and SLART were significantly greater in healthy adults (p<0.05). The mid-stance phase of stroke patients was shorter than healthy adults (p<0.05). A negative correlation was observed between percent fascicle length of the SOL in the sitting co-contraction position and the proportion of the mid-stance phase (p<0.05). Conclusions: The function of the triceps surae is affected in persons with stroke when compared with healthy adults. This can lead to difficulty in performing tasks that involve forward transfer of weight. If the triceps surae is not sufficiently secured, the possibility of compensation in the stance phase increases during gait.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2016

Purpose: Perforator flap-using ischial sore reconstruction is performed in a prone position. But after the surgery, recurrence frequently occurs in a sitting position. In this sense, we introduce modified flap insetting method which closely resembles patient's sitting position to lessen the flap tension surgically. Materials and Methods: Authors tried to check a skin tension difference between prone position and sitting position in normal people group and to find out the importance of performing flap insetting in hip flexion position. Healthy volunteers were collected (n=20) and designed the same length of 4 divided sections around the ischium. Lengths of each section were measured when hip joint was flexed to 90 degree and when both hip and knee joints were flexed to 90 degree and the statistical evaluation was performed. Twenty cases with ischial sore underwent reconstructive surgery using perforator flap under hip flexion position and followed-up for any recurrences. Results: There was a meaningful difference between the joint flexed skin length and that of the neutral position. Flap showed sufficient thickness over 12 months. Conclusion: It seems that recurrence could be reduced when the reconstructed flap could sufficiently cover in a sitting position regarding its significant length difference in normal people group.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was construction of bell-bottom blue jeans according to change of flare line and investigate the effects clothing pressure according to various movements of the legs. In this study, movements of leg were classified by M1, M2, M3, M4.(M1:erecting, M2: leapfrogging position, M3:sit-on-one' keens position, M4:Traditional nobel-sitting position) The results were as follows: As usings the leg surface shell by the adhesive paper taping method, basic slacks pattern and blue jeans patterns according to change of flare line was constructed. The order of clothing pressure of the different patterns is C(the flare line is on the calf of the leg)>B(the flare line is on the knee)>A(the flare line is on the thigh). Clothing pressure in the knee point was highest and when the flare line was on the calf of the leg, clothing pressure showed high.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.3875-3891
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• 2021

In this study, a Velostat pressure sensor was manufactured to develop a plantar pressure measurement system and a C#-based application was developed to monitor and collect plantar pressure data in real time. In order to evaluate the characteristics of the proposed plantar pressure measurement system, the accuracy of plantar pressure index and personal classification was verified by comparing with MatScan, a commercial plantar pressure measurement system. As a result, the output characteristics according to the weight of the Velostat pressure sensor were evaluated and a trend line with the reliability of r² = 0.98 was detected. The Root Mean Square Error(RMSE) of the weighted area was 11.315 cm², the RMSE of the x coordinate of Center of Pressure(CoP_x) was 1.036 cm and the RMSE of the y coordinate of Center of Pressure(CoP_y) was 0.936 cm. Finally, inaccuracy of personal classification, the proposed system was 99.47% and MatScan was 96.86%. Based on the advantage of being simple to implement and capable of manufacturing at low cost, it is considered that it can be applied to various fields of measuring vital signs such as sitting posture and breathing in addition to the plantar pressure measurement system.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2011

This study suggests a Healthcare System for elderly and disabled who have mobility impairment and use a wheelchair for long time. Seating long time in a wheelchair without reducing pressure causes high risk of developing pressure sores. Pressure sores come with great deal of pain and often lead to develop complication. Not only it takes time and effort to treat pressure sores but also increases medical expenses. Therefore, we will develop a device to help to prevent pressure sores by measuring pressure distribution while seating in a wheelchair and wirelessly send information to user device to check pressure distribution in real time. The equipment to measure body pressure is composed of FSR sitting mat which is a sensor measuring part and an user terminal which is a monitoring part. The designed mat is matrix formed FSR sensor to measure pressure. The sensor send measured data to the controller which is connected to the end of the mat, and then the collected data are sent to an user terminal through a bluetooth. Developing a pressure monitoring system will help to prevent those who have mobility impairment to manage pressure sores and furthermore relieve their burden of medical expenses.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.261-270
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• 2017

바르지 못한 앉은 자세는 다양한 질병과 신체 변형을 유발한다. 하지만 오랜 시간동안 바른 앉은 자세를 유지하는 것은 쉬운 일이 아니다. 이러한 이유 때문에 그동안 자동으로 바른 앉은 자세를 유도하기 위한 다양한 시스템이 제안되어왔다. 이전에 제안되었던 앉은 자세 판별 및 바른 앉은 자세 유도 시스템은 영상 처리를 이용한 방법, 의자에 압력센서를 달아 측정하는 방법, IMU(Internal Measurement Unit)를 이용한 방법이 있었다. 이 중 IMU를 이용한 측정 방법은 하드웨어 구성이 간단하고, 공간, 광량 등의 환경적 제한이 적어 측정에 있어서 용이한 이점이 있었다. 본 논문에서는 하나의 IMU를 이용하여 적은 데이터로 효율적으로 앉은 자세를 분류하는 방법을 연구하였다. 특징추출 기법을 이용하여 데이터 분류에 기여도가 낮은 데이터를 제거하였으며, 머신러닝 기법을 이용하여 앉은 자세 분류에 적합한 센서 위치를 찾고, 여러 개의 머신러닝 모델 중 가장 분류 정확도가 높은 머신러닝 모델을 선정하였다. 특징추출 기법은 PCA(Principal Component Analysis)를 사용하였고, 머신러닝 모델은 SVM(Support Vector Machine), KNN(K Nearest Neighbor), K-means (K-means Algorithm) GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model), and HMM (Hidden Marcov Model)모델을 사용하였다. 연구결과 데이터 분류율이 높게나온 뒷목이 적합한 센서 위치가 되었으며, 센서 데이터 중 Yaw데이터는 분류 기여도가 가장 낮은 데이터임을 PCA 특징추출 기법을 이용하여 확인하고, 제거하여도 분류율에 영향이 매우 작음을 확인하였다. 적합 머신러닝 모델은 SVM, KNN 모델로 다른 모델에 비하여 분류율이 높게 나오는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.256-262
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of clothing pressure of Bell-bottom slacks according to various movements of the legs In this study, movements of legs were classified by M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6. (M1: erecting Position, M2: Setting Position, M3: Stepping Pssition, M4: Leapfrogging Position, M5: Sit-on-one's Position, M6: Traditional noble-sitting) The results were as follows: clothing pressure was very different according to the movements of the legs and was in order M4>M5>M6>M2>M3>M1. Particually, clothing pressure in the knee point is the highest in the M4 movement $(550.81g/cm^{2})$.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2000

A properly prescribed wheelchair may be able to normalize tone. decrease pathologic reflex activity, improve postural symmetry, enhance range of movement, maintain and/or improve skin conduit)n. increase comfort and sitting tolerance, decrease fatigue, and improve function of the autonomic nervous system. Whereas a poorly prescribed one can actually exacerbate the problems associated with a disability. Maintained for longer without relief, pressure concentrations may also lead to tissue breakdown. Pressure sores continue to be a major problem for many disabled individuals. Many groups of disabled individuals have a very high incidence of pressure sores, including those individuals with spinal cord injuries. hemiplegia, multiple sclerosis. cancer. and the disabled geriatric population. It is important to understand the factors which predispose an individuals to the development of a pressure sores. Those factors can divided into extrinsic factors, related to the individual's immediate environment and intrinsic factors. related to their medical or physical condition. Pressure sores are generally preventable through sensible pressure management based on an understanding of the causes of pressure sores, risk factors and methods of redistributing pressure.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.6-13
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify differences in blood pressure according to cuff size and measurement sites of the participants. Method: The participants consisted of 50 women and 50 men whose upper arm circumference was $26\sim30cm$. They had no chronic illness and gave consent to participate. Blood pressure of the wrist was measured in the sitting position, the upper arm with a standard cuff, large and small cuffs were used for measurement in supine position and the thigh in prone position. The data were analyzed with paired t-test using SPSS 12.0 program. Result: The data for the upper arm showed a difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure depending on the site of measurement. There was a significant difference between measurements with a standard cuff and measurements with large and small cuffs. The systolic blood pressure of the wrist and the thigh were significantly lower than that of the upper arm. Conclusion: These results suggest that the selection of an appropriate cuff is an essential element in ensuring accuracy when measuring blood pressure and differences in systolic blood pressure for the upper arm, wrist and thigh indicate the need to record the measuring site when measuring blood pressure.