• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

In head and neck reconstruction, microsurgeons are faced with various demands, such as thin resurfacing, or three-dimensional reconstruction, and therefore, conventional flap as well as perforator flaps are all useful for the functional and aesthetic reconstruction successfully. Among perforator flaps, the pros and cons of anterolateral thigh perforator flap(ALTp) and thoracodorsal perforator flap(TAp) is compared and selected depending on the surgeon's preference, recipient site condition or patient status. Both flaps can be elevated in a chimeric pattern by combining different aspects of tissue components. Customized or tailored reconstruction as well as 3 dimensional reconstructions are all available with perforator flaps and it is useful in head and neck reconstruction. The most outstanding update in head and neck reconstruction is the perforator based island flap (PBIF) compared to conventional flaps. The conventional local flap has evolved on behalf of the perforator concept and its design becomes more flexible and freestyle with less limitations. Actually, random pattern flap is now a misnomer and most conventional local flaps turn into PBIFs. Finally we can say all conventional donor site becomes universal, depending on the surgeons' preference or idea. Moreover, there is no more "flap of choice" and postoperative results are quite variable by surgeons' ability. Operative procedures and plans are very flexible to freestyle flap. With all these advantages, surgeons should be armed with both conventional and perforator concepts for solving any defects or problems.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.268-276
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• 2023

Alkyl butyrate with fruity flavor is known as an important additive in the food industry. We synthesized various alkyl butyrates from various fatty alcohol and butyric acid using immobilized Rhodococcus cutinase (Rcut). Esterification reaction was performed in a non-aqueous system including heptane, isooctane, hexane, and cyclohexane. As a result of performing the alkyl butyrate synthesis reaction using alcohols of various chain lengths, it was found that the preference for the alcohol substrate had the following order: C6 > C4 > C8 > C10 > C2. Through molecular docking analysis, it was found that the greater the hydrophobicity of alcohol, the higher the accessibility to the active site of the enzyme. However, since the number of torsions increased as the chain length increased, it became difficult for the hydroxyl oxygen of the alcohol to access the ^γO of serine at the enzyme active site. These molecular docking results were consistent with substrate preference results of the Rcut enzyme. The Rcut maintained the synthesis efficiency at least for 5 days in isooctane solvent. We synthesized as much as 452 mM butyl butyrate by adding 100 mM substrate daily for 5 days and performing the reaction. These results show that Rcut is an efficient enzyme for producing alkyl butyrate used in the food industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.822-827
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• 2019

There is a high demand for off-base dwellings around Camp Humphreys in Pyeongtaek in accordance with the USFK base relocation project, but their residential planning needs to reflect their requirements. On the other hand, no studies that examined their requirements directly have been found. This study examined the requirements of USFK stationed in Camp Humphreys to identify their requirements. In general, residential planning requires a determination of the demand-based location and size, identification of the facility elements required for the site plan, and analysis of detailed architectural planning elements required for the building plan. Among these, preference analysis of the off-base dwelling demand, location, and site planning elements were performed in this study, and the architectural planning elements were left as following studies. The analysis showed that the demand for off-base dwellings is high, rental houses are preferred, and the commuting time is the most important factor in the location. In addition, while enjoying urban convenience, the location of the foothills near nature is preferred, the importance of the orientation is low and living with Koreans is not a problem. In addition, the demands for exercise facilities in the complex are relatively high.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2016

Along with the spread of digital music and recent growth in the digital music industry, the demands for music recommender are increasing. These days, listeners have increasingly preferred to digital real-time streamlining and downloading to listen to music because it is convenient and affordable for the listeners to do that. We use Bayesian learning through weight of listener's prefered music site such as Melon, Billboard, Bugs Music, Soribada, and Gini. We reflect most popular current songs across all genres and styles for music recommender system using user profile. It is necessary for us to make the task of preprocessing of clustering the preference with weight of listener's preferred music site with popular music charts. We evaluated the proposed system on the data set of music sites to measure its performance. We reported some of the experimental result, which is better performance than the previous system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.29-34
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provide a practical planning guide for the actual conditions and the preference by user characteristics in one-room housing. The data collected through questionnaire surveys from the residents of one-room housing in kangnam & sinchon. 259 samples we collected and are analyzed by using SPSS-PC. The results are follows : 1) Students: Students prefer monthly rent, down town, of officetel type, 8-l0py room size, and semi-furnished 2)Business men: They prefer multi function housing mixed office and residence, down town, officetel type, 11-l5py, and fully furnished housing. 3)Newly marriged couples: Ordinary habitation site, apt type, 16-l8py ,and 5: 5 division of space(bedroom:others) 4) Old age: normal habitation site, residence-commerce complex building type, middle corridor type, and 11-l5py. 5)Couple+child: lease of deposit basis, apt complex site, and 16-l8py.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.489-499
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to present basic data for an improvement of school foodservice by identifying students' preference level for school meal menu. A survey was carried out in two high schools provided with different types of consignment service in Daegu. Study subjects were consisted of 100 high school students from a school with on-site service and 119 students from the other school with external transporting service. More than half of students (54.2% of male and 68.3% of female) had normal weights while 13.5% of male and 30.1% of female students had underweights. 'Taste' and 'family' were the most important factors in meal choices and in eating habits, respectively of all the study subjects. Students who answered to have unbalanced diet (33.0%) were less in school with on-site service than those (56.1%) with external transporting service. Compared with on-site service, preferences for meats fruit and milk were higher and as cooking method, preference for blanching lower but stew, roasting and frying higher in the school with external transporting service. Various types of cooking methods and food materials were better accepted by the students with on-site service than those with external transporting service who preferred meat more exclusively regardless of cooking methods of main dish. Most kinds of kimchi was less liked by the students with external transporting service. It is concluded that low preference for most menus provided by the external transporting service is attributed by limitation in food materials, cooking methods and maintenance of food temperature. The limitation could be overcome by more intensive efforts for developing menus and using more efficient facilities and ultimately by changing meal service system in cooperation with school administrators, dietitians and parents.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2005

The crystallographic and magnetic properties of a series of substitutions in nickel ferrite where the Fe³⁺ is replaced with In³⁺ have been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Information on the exact crystalline structure, lattice parameters, bond lengths and bond angles were obtained by refining their XRD profiles by a Rietveld method. All the crystal structures were found to be cubic with the space group Fd/3m. The lattice constants increased with In³⁺ concentration. The expansion of the tetrahedron was outstanding, indicative of the tetrahedral (A) site preference of larger indium ion. The Mossbauer spectra showed two sets of sextuplet originating from ferric ions occupying the tetrahedral sites and the octahedral (B) sites under the Neel temperature T_N. Regardless of the composition x, the electric quadrupole splitting was zero within the experimental error. At x = 0.2, the magnetic hyperfine fields increased slightly, which meant that the nonmagnetic indium ions occupied preferentially the A-site. At the same time, the intensity of the B-site sub-spectra decreased markedly at the elevated temperature, indicating that the occupation of the A site by indium induced a considerable perturbation on the B site.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2007

For the better success in the society, it is important to collect opinions from members. The progress was slow before because it was hard to collect the opinions from each member. But since we have opened the web site it gets easier to evolve with the society for microsurgery, and expect to have active participations from the members. We make 20 questions in three different groups. The researches are made on participation, development in science council that starting from 2005 October to 2007 June, education on training with member's preference to thesis and individuality and suggestion. Thus we have results following to that research. 1.75% of the members vote for the lecture has to be substantial, and also want the atmosphere of the council to be more sincere. 46.2% of members want the council to be not only exchange information but also the place to experience the social intercourse. 2. When the thesis is present and submitted that will also connect to main society. It will be counted as equal as board thesis, only if the thesis can count in both plastic & reconstructive surgery and orthopedic surgery. Then it will be scored as same as examination of board, and will be a receipt of paper by home page 3. The information-oriented project on our council is slower than what members expected. 100% of members voted yes to online thesis examination, and 66.7% of members voted for preference of web site. We need to make improvements on our web pages as soon as possible such as online payment with credit card. 4. According to the result of questionnaire, our web site helps member's participation in council and eventually become a bridge between members. We hope the questionnaires would help us to develop the council and eventually would help us to society with each other in the council. We also hope this council would be the one that connect all of us in society.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.79-89
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• 2018

This study aims at evaluating the characteristics and the preference on the sign design in the industrial heritages space. The research were performed by the process of literature review, case study, and survey of questionnaire. Seven industrial heritage space in Korea and China regenerated as art and cultural space after 2000 were selected and evaluated by 6 criteria including integrity, continuity, simplicity, aesthetics, legibility and historic aspects. The findings were the following. First, the six criteria factors were evaluated as the similar scores in the assessment of 7 sites without extremity. Simplicity was the highest score while historicality was the lowest one. It means that the characteristics of the sign systems of the heritage sites were focused on the simple, contemporary and effective design. Second, integrity, continuity, aesthetics, legibility were evaluated as the medium score in the sign design. While, in the evaluation on the aesthetics the score differences were comparatively high. Sanhai M50 which got the highest score showed the integrity of contrast using yellow and grey color with minimal design. However, Sanghai M50 got the lowest score in the historic aspects and was evaluated as the most favorite sign design in the preference. It means that the historic aspects have no direct relationship with the preference for the sign design. It shows that the effectiveness with integrity and the aesthetic aspects are considered more importantly than the application of the historic identity of the site in sign design.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2003

This article aims to summarize the development and application of menu engineering technique, 'Menu Engineering Modified by Preference (MEMP)'. The site selected for this project was a foodservice operation in Yonsei University residence hall. Sales and food costs data were collected from the daily sales reports for 1 month, and the survey of food preference was conducted during May, 1999. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS/Win 6.12 for descriptive analysis. The calculation for menu analysis were carried out with MS 2000 Excel spreadsheet program. This MEMP technique developed had 6 category criteria and 2 dimensions of the contribution margin (CM) and the menu mix modified% (MMM%) . The MMM% was calculated by the sales volumes and also weighted by food preference. The CM and MMM% for each item were compared with a mean menu CM as well as a 70% rule. Four possible classifications by MEMP were fumed out as 'STAR', 'PLOWHORSE', 'PUZZLE', 'DOG'. 'STAR' items were the most popular and profitable items and required to maintain rigid specifications for quality. The decision actions for 'PLOWHORSE' menu items which were relatively popular, but yield a low menu average CM included combining a plowhorse item with lower cost products and reducing the frequency of serving or serving size. There was a need for 'PUZZLE' items to be changed in the menu combination, improve recipe, and promote menu. The last DOG' items were desired to be deleted. This study demonstrates that menu information can be interpreted more easily with MEMP. The use of MEMP is therefore an effective way to improve management decisions about menu of university residence hall foodservice.