• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.230-235
• /
• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate the supplying capacity of various forms(Water soluble, exchangeable, and available) of potassium in soils of different site quality by using surface soils from the Japanese cedar(Cryptomeria japonica) forests in Cheju island. Major results can be summerized as follows. Using continuous leaching methods with 0.01N-HCl, accumulated amounts of available potassium from surface soils of site upper and site low were about 0.6me/100g and 0.4me/100g, respectively. The release ratio of available potassium in the first $1{\ell}$ leaching of 0.01N-HCl to the total available potassium leached with $6{\ell}$ of 0.01N-HCl was over 80% for both sites, and this suggester that surface soil of both sites had the weak potassium adsorptivity as the typical volcanic ash soil. The ratio of the exchangeable potassium to the water soluble potassium was 1 : 1 for both sites. The ratio of the exchangeable potassium to the available potassium was 1 : 1 for the site low but the smaller ratio value for the site upper, indicating that the potassium supplying power of the site upper was greater than that of the site low. Available potassium was highly correlated with exchangeable Ca($0.83^{**}$) and Mg($0.84^{**}$).

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.17-37
• /
• 2010

Currently, online searching sites offer a variety of services such as just sorting by price, manufacturer, sorting by release date for sale as well as the product reviews to help and enjoy online shopping provided consumers with more shopping information. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of online product reviews attributes (informativeness and usefulness) and familiarity on consumers' loyalty in online product searching site via trust and satisfaction. To identify these relationships, the secondary data or past studies were collected and theoretically arranged. I made the theoretical proposed model to explain the relationships between the constructs, identify the operational definitions and 8 Hypotheses were established, there was executed the survey of 175 customers. As the result of test that make the relations of used variables clear, i can get the conclusion; site familiarity and informativeness, Usefulness of online reviews have the positive effect empirically on trust building and loyalty. From the empirical test, i suggest the strategic advices in online product searching site. To increase the consumers' loyalty, it would be developed that a variety of methods and ways to raise the site familiarity and informativeness, usefulness in online product reviews. It is necessary for sticking the consumers to raise the positive trust building and satisfaction. The results of this study would help companies operating the online product searching site.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.39 no.9
• /
• pp.519-526
• /
• 2017

This study investigated the effect of phosphorus fractionation on the phosphorus release from the sediments of Juksan reservoir in Yeongsan River. The field sediments were collected, incubated, and analyzed with respect to phosphorus fractionation of sediments and total phosphorus (TP) of overlying water after 7 days. The total amount of inorganic phosphorus of YS2 site was higher than YS1 site. Al-P and Fe-P were major constituents of inorganic phosphorus. During the incubation, Al-P, Fe-P and Ca-P were increased and Red-P was decreased at both sites. YS1 site showed increased TP concentration of overlying water, however, YS2 had opposite trend during the incubation. Counting on the particle size distribution of YS1 and YS2, particle size distribution is major factor to control the TP concentration of overlying water. There were positive relationship between Fe-P and TP and negative relationship between Red-P. From the results, it is essential to continuously monitor the sediment phosphorus fraction in order to control the TP concentration of the water.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.663-669
• /
• 2000

The fur (ferric uptake regulation) expression vector pMON2064 was modified to produce a Fur-fusion expression vector. A kinker site, factor Xa cleavage site, and several restriction endonuclease sites were introduced to facilitate easy cloning and isolating of the fusion protein. The resulting fusion expression vector, pMONSTER, was then used to make fusion expression vector, pMONSTER, was then used to make fusion proteins with $\beta$-galactosidase and the protease of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1 PR). Strain SW4020 harboring the Fur $\beta$-galactosidase fusion vector produced blue colonies on a 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-$\beta$-D-galactoside plate and the resulting 133 kDa fusion protein reacted with an anti-Fur antibody. The strain harboring the Fur-HIV-1 PR fusion vector produced a 29 kDa fusion protein, which also reacted with an anti-Fur antibody. The Fur-HIV-1 PR fusion protein was purified by a single column application that was designed to isolate the Fur protein. The purified Fur-HIV-1 PR fusion protein digested with factor Xa cleaved a recombinant Gag protein to release smaller fragments, including a p24 capsid protein. The Fur-HIV-1 PR fusion protein itself did not exhibit any proteolytic activity.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.260-267
• /
• 2005

[ $PGE_1$ ] is an endogenous substance of potent vasodialator as well as inhibitor of platelet aggregation. It has been used therapeutically in peripheral arterial occlusive disease and impotence. Intracavernous injection of $PGE_1$ for erectile dysfunction has been established for several years as a treatment option for erectile dysfunction of diverse etiologies, but this mode of administration is limited by penile discomfort, pain at the injection site, inconvenience and noncompliance. As the matter of worse, the $\beta-hydroxy$ moiety of $PGE_1$ is extremely susceptible to dehydration in solution to give inactive $PGA_1$ and $PGB_1$. For the improvement of stability, rapid absorption at action site and the convenience of application, $PGE_1$ was formulated as urethral suppositories of three types of formulations, such as PEG, witepsol, and the mixture of PEG and witepsol. The stability test of $PGE_1$ and the release test in urinary suppositories were performed. Futhermore, the effect of enhancers and vehicle composition on the penetration of $PGE_1$ through excised rat skin was evaluated by permeability coefficient and enhancement ratio.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.14-25
• /
• 2007

Purpose: A user centered web-based mental health management system may be particularly useful in Korea where there is widespread diffusion of personal computers and internet connectivity. The purpose of this paper was to describe the development of a web-based system for mental health management in adolescents using principals of a user centered design. Method: Our design process includes five distinct phases: needs assessment, analysis, design, development/testing/revision, and application release. Results: Web content includes an introduction, information about mental health management in adolescents, self-assessment and guidance, interventions for improving mental health, directory of self-help groups, and counseling and additional community resources. The web site was released using the URL: http://www.baejy.com/youth. Conclusion: The end result was a web based mental health management system for adolescents with a high degree of usability. The author believes that web-based mental health interventions in the future have true potential in helping Koreans who are suffering, or at risk, for mental health problems, particularly because of the stigma related to psychiatric therapy in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.21 no.9
• /
• pp.1069-1078
• /
• 2012

This study was performed to evaluate the asbestos exposure levels and to calculate excess lifetime cacer risks(ELCRs) in asbestos-containing buildings for maintenance and management. The range of airborne asbestos concentration of 33 buildings was 0.0018 ~ 0.0126 f/cc and one site exceeded indoor air-quality recommended limit 0.01 f/cc. And ELCRs based on US EPA IRIS(Integrated risk information system) model are 1.5E-06 ~ 3.9E-05 levels, and there was no site showed 1.0E-04 (one person per million) level or more, and 11 sites showed 1.0E-05 (one person per 100,000 people) level or more. To prevent the release of asbestos fibers, it needs operation and maintenance of asbestos-containing building materials, and there are some methods such as removal, repairment, enclosure and encapsulation. In conclusion, a risk-based air action level for asbestos in air is an appropriate metric for asbestos-containing building management.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.25 no.11
• /
• pp.1555-1562
• /
• 2016

Concentrations of hydrogen sulfide in ambient air have been measured from January 2014 to June 2016 in a coastal area near the Ulsan National Industrial Complex. The measurement sites were 1 km, 2.6 km, 5.6 km, and 20 km away from a kraft pulp mill, which is located at the most southern edge of the complex. Concentrations above 0.4 ppb were monitored every 5 min and the highest concentration of the day was determined. From a total of 775 measurement days, hydrogen sulfide concentrations > 20 ppb were recorded on 36 and 38 days at the measurement site closest to the mill and the residential area 2.6 km away from the mill, respectively. At the site farthest from the mill, the concentrations were always 20 ppb lower than the malodor regulation for the residential area but sometimes higher than the odor recognition threshold for hydrogen sulfide. Although several emission sources of hydrogen sulfide have been published in the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register of Korea, the kraft pulp mill is considered to be the biggest contributor of atmospheric hydrogen sulfide in the southern coastal area of Ulsan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.105-109
• /
• 2011

Since a severe accident, which happens in low frequency, can cause serious damages, the interests in off-site consequence analysis for a nuclear power plant have been increased after Chernobyl, TMI and Fukushima accidents. Consequences, which are the effects on health and environment caused by released radioisotopes, are evaluated using MACCS II code based on the method of Level 3 PSA. To perform a consequence analysis for the reference plants, the input data of the code were generated such as meteorological data, population distribution, release fractions, and so on. Using these input data, acute and lifetime dose as an organ, CCDF for early fatalities and latent cancer fatalities, and average individual risk were analyzed by using MACCS II code in this study. These results might contribute to establishing accident management plan and quantitative health object.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 1997

A total of 55 patients underwent surgical managements for postintubation tracheal stenosis from July 1975 through March 1997. All but 8 had received ventilatory assistance. The patients had S cuff lesions, 17 stoma lesions, 7 at both levels, 5 at subglottic lesions. Thirty two patients underwent the sleeve tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis. Five patients performed a wedge resection and end-to-end anastomosis. Twenty two patients received the Montgomery T-tube for relief of airway obstruction. Simple excision of granulation tissue was done in 7 patients. Rethi procedures(anterior division of cricoid cartilage, partial wedge resection of lower thyroid cartilage and T-tube molding) were performed in 2 subglottic stenosis patients. And the other subglottic patient was received permanent tracheal fenestration at 1975. The tracheoesophageal fistula patient was done sleeve tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis with interrupted double layer closure of esophageal fistula site. Cervical approach was used in 49 cases, cervicomediastinal in 13 cases and median stemotomy In 6 cases. Techniques for obtaining tension-free anastomosis included a cervical neck flexion(15-30$^{\circ}$) in all sleeve resection patients and laryngeal release in one. The length of resection was 1.5 to 5.0 on A total of 41 patients(74.5%) had good(24 patients) or satisfactory(17 patients) results. But in ten cases, the restenosis of anastomosis site which is the most common complication was developed Two of them underwent a second reconstruction and 8 patients required T-tube insertion for airway maintenance. Three patients(5.4%) died. The causes of death were tracheo-innominate artery fistula(2) and sudden obstruction of airway(1).