• 대기
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.495-503
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• 2010

Satellite data have an intrinsic problem due to a number of various physical parameters, which can have a similar effect on measured radiance. Most evaluations of satellite performance have relied on comparisons with limited spatial and temporal resolution of ground-based measurements such as soundings and in-situ measurements. In order to overcome this problem, a new way of satellite data evaluation is suggested with statistical tools such as empirical orthogonal function(EOF), and singular value decomposition(SVD). The EOF analyses with OMI and OMI HCHO over northeast Asia show that the spatial pattern show high correlation with population density. This suggests that human activity is a major source of as well as HCHO over this region. However, this analysis is contradictory to the previous finding with GOME HCHO that biogenic activity is the main driving mechanism(Fu et al., 2007). To verify the source of HCHO over this region, we performed the EOF analyses with vegetation and HCHO distribution. The results showed no coherence in the spatial and temporal pattern between two factors. Rather, the additional SVD analysis between $NO_2$ and HCHO shows consistency in spatial and temporal coherence. This outcome suggests that the anthropogenic emission is the main source of HCHO over the region. We speculate that the previous study appears to be due to low temporal and spatial resolution of GOME measurements or uncertainty in model input data.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2004

In this paper we have examined the effect of dust charge density on nonlinear ion acoustic solitary wave which propagates obliquely with respect to the external magnetic field in a dusty plasma. For the dusty charge density below a critical value, the Sagdeev potential $\Psi1(n)$ has a singular point in the region n < 1, where n is the ion number density divided by its equilibrium number density. If there exists a dust charge density over the critical value, the Sagdeev potential becomes a finite function in the region n < 1, which means that there may exist the rarefactive ion acoustic solitary wave. By expanding the Sagdeev potential in the small amplitude limit up to on4 near n=1, we find the solution of ion acoustic solitary wave. Therefore we suggest that the dust charge density plays an important role in generating the rarefactive solitary wave.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1259-1268
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• 1995

The stress distribution around micro holes and the behavior of stress interaction between micro holes are considerd in the study. Several conclusions are extracted as follows : (1) The stress interaction varies with the distance e between micro holes. When the two micro holes are spaced in such a manner that theri two closest points are separated by a distance of micro hole radius (e=1), stress distribution is affected by a opposite micro hole in all the closest region. In addition, if two closest points are seperated by twice the distance of a micro hole radius (e=2), stress distribution is affected by a opposite micro hole in the region of -0.8.leq.x/r.leq.0.8 and the interaction effect can be neglected for e=4. (2)If the depth becomes larger than the radius, or the radius varies, the shape and magnitude of stress distribution around micro holes varies. (3) Hoop stress around a micro hole for the two dimensional configuration is larger than that of the three dimensional micro hole located on the surface of material for .theta. < 60.deg., but it is reversed for .theta > 60.deg.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제12B권3호
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• pp.247-256
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• 2005

컴퓨터 비젼에 관한 고전적인 연구 주제들 중의 하나는 두 개 이상의 이미지로부터 3차원 형상을 재구성하는 3차원 변환에 관한 것이다. 본 논문은 단안 카메라로 촬영한 일반적인 2차원 영상물에서 능동적으로 움직이는 3차원 영상의 깊이 정보를 추출하는 문제를 다룬다. 연속하는 프레임들간의 영상 블록의 움직임을 평가하여 카메라의 회전과 배율효과를 보상하고 다음과 같은 두 개의 단계에 걸쳐 블록의 움직임을 추출한다. (i) 블록의 위치와 움직임을 이용하여 카메라의 이동과 초점거리에 대한 전역 파라메타를 계산한다. (ii) 전역 파라메타, 블록의 위치와 움직임을 이용하여 평균 영상 깊이에 대한 상대적인 블록의 깊이를 계산한다. 다양한 동영상을 대상으로 특이점인 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우를 실험하였다. 결과로 얻어지는 상대적인 깊이 정보와 객체는 인간이 판단하는 경우와 동일함을 보였다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 가상성형 시스템에 적합한 Radial Basis Function(RBF) 기반의 변형 기법과 변형된 얼굴 구성 요소를 얼굴 영상에 혼합하는 기법을 제시한다. 가상성형을 위한 변형 기법은 유동적인 얼굴 구성 요소들을 변형함에 있어 부드러움과 정확성을 가져야 하고 변형 부위 이외의 다른 얼굴 구성 요소에는 왜곡을 주지 않는 지역성도 가져야 한다. 이를 위해 제안된 가상성형 시스템은 자유형태 변형 모델을 기반으로 RBF에 의해 격자들의 변형 정도를 계산한다. 성형의 정확성을 위해 변형 오차는 기준곡선 정점들의 목표 위치와 실제 변형된 위치 사이의 오차제곱합을 이용하여 Singular Value Decomposition(SVD)에 의해 반복적으로 RBF 매핑 함수의 계수들을 계산하여 보정한다. 변형된 얼굴 구성 요소는 Euclidean Distance Transform(EDT)에 의해 계산된 혼합 비율을 사용하여 원본 얼굴 영상과 합성된다. 제안된 변형 기법과 합성 기법은 가상성형 결과의 정확도와 왜곡 측면에서 우수한 성능을 보인다는 것을 실험적으로 확인하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제9B권5호
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• pp.563-570
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• 2002

본 논문은 MPEG4 SNHC의 얼굴 모델 인코딩을 구현하기 위하여 연속된 2차원 영상으로부터 얼굴영역을 검출하고, 얼굴의 특징데이터들을 추출한 후, 얼굴의 3차원 모양 및 움직임 정보를 복원하는 알고리즘과 결과를 제시한다. 얼굴 영역 검출을 위해서 영상의 거리, 피부색상, 움직임 색상정보등을 융합시킨 멀티모달합성의 방법이 사용되었다. 결정된 얼굴영역에서는 MPEG4의 FDP(Face Definition Parameter) 에서 제시된 특징점 위치중 23개의 주요 얼굴 특징점을 추출하며 추출성능을 향상시키기 위하여 GSCD(Generalized Skin Color Distribution), BWCD(Black and White Color Distribution)등의 움직임색상 변환기법과 형태연산 방법이 제시되었다. 추출된 2차원 얼팔 특징점들로부터 얼굴의 3차원 모양, 움직임 정보를 복원하기 위하여 준원근 카메라 모델을 적용하여 SVD(Singular Value Decomposition)에 의한 인수분해연산을 수행하였다. 본 논문에서 제시된 방법들의 성능을 객관적으로 평가하기 위하여 크기와 위치가 알려진 3차원 물체에 대해 실험을 행하였으며, 복원된 얼굴의 움직임 정보는 MPEG4 FAP(Face Animation Parameter)로 변환된 후, 인터넷상에서 확인이 가능한 가상얼굴모델에 인코딩되어 실제 얼굴파 일치하는 모습을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.651-658
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• 2009

Nonlinear sliding surface design in variable structure systems for spacecraft attitude control problems is studied. A robustness analysis is performed for regular form of system, and calculation of actuator bandwidth is presented by reviewing sliding surface dynamics. To achieve non-singular attitude description and minimal parameterization, spacecraft attitude control problems are considered based on modified Rodrigues parameters (MRP). It is shown that the derived controller ensures the sliding motion in pre-determined region irrespective of unmodeled effects and disturbances.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2018

This paper describes the algorithm that lowers the dimension, maintains the object recognition and significantly reduces the eigenspace configuration time by combining the edge orientation histogram and principle component analysis. By using the detected object region as a recognition input image, in this paper the object recognition method combined with principle component analysis and the multi-layer network which is one of the intelligent classification was suggested and its performance was evaluated. As a pre-processing algorithm of input object image, this method computes the eigenspace through principle component analysis and expresses the training images with it as a fundamental vector. Each image takes the set of weights for the fundamental vector as a feature vector and it reduces the dimension of image at the same time, and then the object recognition is performed by inputting the multi-layer neural network.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.458-463
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• 2000

The mechanical structures generally have discontinuous parts such as the cracks, notches and holes owing to various reasons. In this paper, in order to analyze effectively these singularity problems using the finite element method, a mixed analysis method which an analytical solution and finite element solutions are simultaneously used is newly proposed. As the analytical solution is used in the singularity region and the finite element solutions are used in the remaining regions except this singular zone, this analysis method reasonably provides for the numerical solution of a singularity problem. Through various numerical examples, it is shown that the proposed analysis method is very convenient and gives comparatively accurate solution.

• Geosystem Engineering
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2018

We employ a three-dimensional indirect boundary element method (BEM) to simulate temperature change around an underground liquefied natural gas storage cavern. The indirect BEM (IBEM) uses fictitious heat source strength on boundary elements as basic variables which are solved from equations of boundary conditions and then used to compute the temperature change at other points in the considered problem domain. The IBEM requires evaluation of singular integration for temperature change due to heat conduction from a constant heat source on a planar (triangular) region. The singularity can be eliminated by a semi-analytical integration scheme. However, it is found that the semi-analytical integration scheme yields sharp temperature gradient for points close to vertices of triangle. This affects the accuracy of heat flux, if they are evaluated by finite difference method at these points. This difficulty can be overcome by a combination of using a direct numerical integration for these points and the semi-analytical scheme for other points distance away from the vertices. The IBEM and the hybrid integration scheme have been verified with an analytic solution and then used to the application of the underground storage.