• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.637-646
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• 2007

Implants placed immediately after tooth extraction have been shown to be a successfully predictable treatment modality. Several clinical papers suggest that placing implants immediately after tooth extraction may provide some advantages: reduction of the number of surgical procedures or patient visits, preservation of the dimensions of alveolar ridge, and shortening of the interval between the removal of the tooth and the insertion of the implant supported restoration. In this case report, three patients received single immediate implant placements to replace a maxillary anterior tooth at the time of extraction. As the three cases were somewhat different, treatment protocols had to be modified as follows: Case 1. Immediate implant placement with healing abutment connection. Case 2. Immediate implant placement with immediate provisionalization. Case 3. Immediate implant placement with Guided Bone Regeneration(GBR). Every implant of these cases was placed in proper position buccolingually, mesiodistally and apicocoronally, The procedures following implantation such as immediate provisionalization and GBR were free of problem. Healing of each case was uneventful. In all cases, treatment outcomes were mostly satisfactory and the results maintained during follow-up periods. However, one case (Case 3) showed some papilla loss due to failure in delicate soft tissue handling during surgery. This papilla loss was compromised by prosthetic means. In conclusion, immediate implant placement in the fresh extraction socket can be a valid and successful option of treatment in aesthetic area. Moreover, this treatment protocol seems to maintain the preexisting architecture of soft and hard tissues in most cases.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.120-147
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• 1994

저자는 가공의치에서 임플란트와 치아간의 보철물 연결형태와 나사형 및 원통형 임플란트에서 그 형태의 차이가 주위 골조직의 응력분산에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 임플란트와 지대치를 고정성 및 반고정 성 가공의 치로 연결하고 수평면에 대해 수직 및 25도 측방하중을 가하여 주위 골조직의 응력분산 양상을 3차원적 광탄성 실험을 통해 비교 분석한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 나사형 임플란트에서는 수직 및 측방력에 대해 경부에 응력집중이 나타났다. 2) 나사형 임플란트와 치아를 가공의치로 연결했을 경우에는 임플란트의 경부와 지대치의 치경부 및 근단부에 응력집중이 나타났으며, 고정성 가공의치로 연결했을 때에는 지대치의 치경부에 반고정성 가공의치로 연결했을 때에는 임플란트 경부에 더 큰 응력집중이 나타났다. 3) 원통형 임플란트와 치아를 가공의치로 연결했을 경우에는 임플란트와 지대치의 근단부에 응력집중이 나타났으며, 고정성 가공의치로 연결했을 때에는 지대치의 근단부에 반고정성 가공의치로 연결했을 때에는 임플란트와 지대치의 경부에 더 큰 응력집중이 나타났다. 4) 임플란트와 치아를 가공의치로 연결했을 경우에는 고정성 및 반고정성 가공의치 양쪽 모두에서 원통형 임플란트보다 나사형 임플란트에서 지대치 주위의 응력분산이 더 균등하게 나타났다. 5) 나사형 임플란트 주위의 응력분산은 임플란트 두 개를 고정성 가공의치로 연결했을 때, 가장 균등한 것으로 나타났으며, 그 다음이 치아와 고정성 가공의치로 연결했을 때, 그 다음이 치아와 반고정성 가공의치로 연결했을 때, 그리고 임플란트 단독으로 사용했을 때 가장 불리한 것으로 나타났다.TEX>$45.4{\pm}16.6m$, Panavia는 $41.3{\pm}22.9m$, 그리고 All-Bond는 $151{\pm}82m$로 나타났다. 4. 인산 아연 세멘트와 Panavia는 All-Bond에 대해 통계학적 유의성 있는 차이를 나타내었으며(p<0.05)인산 아연 세멘트와 Panavia-EX사이에는 유의성 있는 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 비교시 All-Bond & composite resin cement 군이 Z.P.C. 군보다 높게 나타났으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다(P>0.05).않거나 더 적게 쓰고도 농사를 지을 수 있는 영농법 및 농약을 좀 더 안전하게 살포할 수 있는 방법의 개발, 고온에서도 착용하기 좋고 보호 성능이 좋은 보호구의 개발이 시급히 요구되며, 농약살포시 환기요령과 보호구 착용방법에 대한 교육 등의 강화도 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 둘째, 농부증 증상 중 흔한 증상들은 농작업 자세 및 과도한 노동에 기인되었을 가능성이 있으므로 신체에 부담을 줄일 수 있는 농기구를 개발하고, 주기적인 휴식 및 운동을 권장해 볼 만하다. 세째, 고혈압 유소견율이 15% 전후로 높으므로 고혈압 관리사업의 강화가 요구된다.는 의료분쟁을 줄일 수 있는 방안이 마련되어야 하고, 의료보험수가의 조정도 필요할 것이다.보호차원에서 정부의 중립적 의지가 있어야 할 것으로 생각된다.의 비율이 감소하였으나 본태성고혈압, 당뇨병, 폐결핵, 협심증 둥의 비율이 증가하였다. 일반외과의 경우에는 치핵, 항문열상, 종기 등의 비율이 감소하였고, 위암, 대장암, 담낭암 등의 비율은 증가하였다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2009

Background: Reduced bone height is one of the major problems faced in restoring tooth loss with implants. By the use of short implants, it is possible to reduce complicated and invasive treatment such as bone graft, allowing more simple surgery. But short implants are generally considered to have lower success rates than that of standard implants. Purpose: To assess the results of short Straumann implants by a retrospective study of short Straumann implants with TPS(titanium plasma-sprayed) and SLA(sandblasted, large grit, acid etched) surfaces. Materials and methods: 173 implants in 106 patients who received short Straumann implant surgery(${\le}8\;mm$) in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Kyunghee Dental Hospital, from February 1996 to October 2006 were selected and studied. All of the implants were followed up after prosthetic rehabilitation. The average follow-up period was 34 months with 119 months as the longest follow up period. The average follow-up period after prosthetic rehabilitation was 31 months. 64 females(60.4%) and 42 males(39.6%) participated in the research with the age range of 19 to 85(mean age 47). 20 patients(18.9%) were under 40, 85 patients(80.2%) were over 40 and under 70, and only one patient(0.9%) was over 70 years old. Results: 27 implants(15.6%) had TPS surface while 146 implants(84.4%) had SLA surface. 9 implants(5.2%) were 3.3, 108 implans(62.4%) were 4.1mm and 56 implants(32.4%) were 4.8mm in diameter. 167 implants(96.5%) were 8mm and 6 implants(3.5%) were 6mm in length. There were 24 implants(13.9%) on the maxillas and 149 implants(68.8%) on the mandibles. 119 implants(68.8%) were rehabilitated with FPD(fixed partial denture), 47 implants(27.2%) with single crowns and 4 implants(2.3%) with overdentures. Among the fixed partial dentures, 30 of them were splinted with short implants only. After over an year of follow-up period, 139 implants(96.5%) out of 144 implants showed marginal bone loss of less than 1mm. 3 out of 173 implants failed showing 98.27% survival rate. Conclusions: The use of short Straumann implants(${\le}8mm$) can be a simple and reliable treatment method in minimal residual bone height.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of augmentation of the alveolar ridge is to restore absorbed alveolar ridges for future implant site or esthetic prosthodontic restoration. The present clinical report describes the anterior maxillary augmentation cases using a soft tissue rotated palatal flap, and considers various problems of before and after surgery. Method: First & second patients were treated by vascularized interpositional periosteal-connective tissue(VIP-CT) flap for horizontal soft tissue augmentation. Especially second patient was progressed with bone grafting at the same time. Third patient was treated by the same flap with bone graft and implant placement in single tooth missing premaxillary area. Result: The obtained horizontal augmentation width measured $0.5{\sim}2.7\;mm$. Conclusion: This technique constitutes a viable approach for augmentation the anterior sector of alveolar ridge with the placement of dental implants. But it needs correct diagnosis preparation and careful surgery skill.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회초록집
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• pp.59-59
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• 2003

In recent, various functional coatings on artificial tooth implants have been conducted to enhance the bonding strength between implants and bones. Despite of these efforts, some previous reports argued that an adhesion strength between titanium implant and the final coatings like hydroxyapatite(HA) is weaker than the strength between coating and bone. In order to increase the adhesion force between the final coating and implant surface, TiN/DLC based functionally graded coating, which has higher mechanical strength than the titanium implant, was applied as a middle layer between titanium implant and final coating. Particularly we finally coated a biocompatible hydroxyapatite film on the DLC layer and examined the mechanical properties. As a result, TiN/DLC based functionally graded coating showed the higher adhesion strength compared with hydroxyapatite single layer coating on the titanium implant.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2017

Objectives: Localization of the mandibular canal (MC) and measurement of the height and width of the available alveolar bone at the proposed implant site in the posterior segment of the mandible using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in patients with a single missing tooth. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed where CBCT scans of the patients with a single missing tooth in the posterior segment of the mandible-premolar, I (1st) molar, and II (2nd) molar were used. The scans were assessed using OnDemand3D software (version 1.0; CyberMed Inc., Seoul, Korea) for localization of the MC asnd remaining alveolar bone both vertically (from the superior position of the MC to the crest of the alveolar ridge) and horizontally (buccolingual, 3 mm below the crest of the alveolar ridge). The findings were statistically analyzed using independent t-test. Results: A total of 120 mandibular sites (40 sites for each of the three missing premolar, I molar, and II molar) from 91 CBCT scans were analyzed. The average heights (from the alveolar crest to the superior margin of the MC) at the premolar, I molar, and II molar areas were $15.19{\pm}2.12mm$, $14.53{\pm}2.34mm$, and $14.21{\pm}2.23mm$, respectively. The average widths, measured 3 mm below the crest of the alveolar ridge, at the premolar, I molar, and II molar areas were $6.22{\pm}1.96mm$, $6.51{\pm}1.75mm$, and $7.60{\pm}2.08mm$, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females regarding the vertical and horizontal measurements of the alveolar ridges. Conclusion: In the study, the measurements were averaged separately for each of the single missing teeth (premolar, I molar, or II molar), giving more accurate information for dental implant placement.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to obtain objective and standardized information on masticatory function and patient atisfaction following second molar single implant therap. Methods: Twenty adult patient, who had restored second molar single implants more than 1 month before the study, were enrolled in this stud. All patients received a chewing test using peanuts before and after insertion of the implant prosthesi, with a questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS) to evaluate the effect of second molar single implant therap. Results: his study obtained standardized information on the masticatory function objectively (e.g., P, R, $X_{50}$) before (Pre-insertion) and after insertion (Post-insertion) of the implant prosthesis. Masticatory performance (P) after insertion of the implant prosthesis significantly increased from $67.8{\pm}9.9$ to $84.3{\pm}8.5$% (P<0.0001). With the implant prosthesis, the P value increased by 24%. The masticatory efficiency index (R) of Post-insertion is higher than that of Pre-insertion (P<0.0001). With the implant prosthesis, the R value increased by 29%. The median particle size ($X_{50}$) of Post-insertion is lower than that of Preinsertion (P<0.0001). More than 90% of the patients were satisfied with the second molar single implant therapy from a functional point of view. Conclusions: These findings indicate that a second molar single implant can increase masticatory function.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2014

Single-tooth implantation has become a common treatment solution for replacement of a root-fractured maxillary incisor in adults, but the long-term esthetic results can be unfavorable due to progressive marginal bone loss, resulting in gingival recession. In this case report, a maxillary central incisor with a root fracture in its apical one-third was orthodontically extruded and extracted in a 21-year-old female. Implant surgery was performed after a 3-month healing period, and the final crown was placed about 12 months after extraction. After 12 years, favorable osseous and gingival architectures were visible with adequate bone height and thickness at the buccal cortical plate, and no gingival recession was seen around the implant-supported crown. Although modern dentistry has been shifting toward simplified, clinical procedures and shorter treatment times, both general dentists and orthodontists should be aware of the possible long-term esthetic advantages of orthodontic extrusion of hopelessly fractured teeth for highly esthetically demanding areas and should educate and motivate patients regarding the choice of this treatment solution, if necessary.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.140-144
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• 2009

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM. Little information is available about the buccal gingival level of multiple implant restorations. PURPOSE. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between width and height of buccal soft tissue around single and 2 adjacent implant restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Four implant restoration groups (first and second molars, single second molars, posterior single restorations between teeth, and anterior single restorations between teeth) were randomly chosen from one dental institute. Each group comprised of 6 patients. After 6 months of function, silicone impressions were taken and stone models were fabricated for each restoration group. The stone models were cut in bucco-lingual direction at the most apical point of buccal gingival margin. The height and width of buccal supra-implant soft tissue were measured. One way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc tests were performed to analyze the data obtained (P < .05). RESULTS. The most unfavorable width-height ratio was noted for the group, which was comprised of the second molar in the multiple adjacent (first and second molar) implant-supported restorations. The group also resulted in the shorter height of buccal supra-implant mucosa rather than that of anterior single implant restorations between natural teeth. CONCLUSION. To achieve a favorable level of buccal gingival margin, greater thickness of buccal supra-implant mucosa is required for the implant restorations without a neighboring natural tooth compared to the implant restorations next to a natural tooth.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2001

Objectives : To evaluate the absorbed and effective doses of spiral and computed tomography for the dental implant planning. Materials and Methods: For radiographic projection, TLD chips were placed in 22 sites of humanoid phantom to record the exposure to skin and the mean absorbed dose to bone marrow, thyroid, pituitary, parotid and submandibular glands and nesophagus. Effective dose was calculated, using the method suggested by Frederiksen et al.. Patient situations of a single tooth gap in upper and lower midline region, edentulous maxilla and mandible were simulated for spiral tomography. 35 axial slices (maxilla) and 40 axial slices (mandible) with low and standard dose setting were used for computed tomography. All the radiographic procedures were repeated three times. Results: The mean effective dose in case of maxilla was 0.865 mSv, 0.452 mSv, 0.136 mSv and 0.025 mSv, in spiral tomography of complete edentulous maxilla, computed tomography with standard mAs, computed tomography with low mAs and spiral tomography of a single tooth gap (p<0.05). That in case of mandible was 0.614 mSv, 0.448 mSv, 0.137 mSv and 0.036 mSv, in spiral tomography of complete edentulous mandible, computed tomography with standard mAs, computed tomography with low mAs and spiral tomography of a single tooth gap (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on these results, it can be concluded that low mAs computed tomography is recommended instead of spiral tomography for the complete edentulous maxilla and mandible dental implant treatment planning.