• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the occurrence of errors regarding adaptation by conducting a three-dimensional assessment comparing the bridge type dental restoration after the cutting process, which has multiple abutments, with a single type dental restoration. Methods: By using ten identical files obtained by scanning the master model, thirty designs were created consisting of ten maxillary right first premolars and ten maxillary right first molars with single crown abutments, along with ten bridge designs with the identical abutment. A 5-axis milling machine was used to produce the design file. The produced denture prostheses were scanned using a silicone replica for a STL file. An evaluation was conducted using 3D analysis software on the master model and each of the thirty data files. Results: The RMS value of the pre-molar (14) was $38.4{\pm}4{\mu}m$ for single and $54.7{\pm}6{\mu}m$ for bridge abutment; therefore, a statistically significant difference was observed for single and bridge designs although both shared the same abutment form (P<.05). Also, the RMS value of the molar (16) was $47.6{\pm}2{\mu}m$ and $56.6{\pm}5{\mu}m$ for the single and bridge designs, respectively, thereby presenting a statistically significant difference (P<.05). Conclusion: As a result, dental prosthesis fabricated using the single method presented better internal adaptation outcomes.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.195-203
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• 2002

This study was performed to evaluate single and repeated-dose toxicities oj a new cophalosporin antibiotic agent IDC-7l81 in Sprague-Dawley rats. IDC-7181 was injected intravenously to rats at dose levels of 0, 3.2, 16, 80, 400 and 2,000 mg/kg/day for single-dose toxicity study and at dose levels of 0, 10, 50 and 250 mg/kg/day for 4-week repeated-dose toxicity study. In both studies, there were no dose-related changes in mortality clinical signs, body weight changes, food and water consumption, opthalmoscopy, organ weights, urine analysis, biochemical examination, and hematological findings of all animals treated with IDC-7l8l. Gross and histopathological findings revealed no evidence of specific toxicity related to IDC-7181. These results suggest that the intravenous maximum tolerated dose value of IDC-7181 may be over 250 mg/kg and $LD_{50}$ value may be over 2,000 mg/kg in rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.159-166
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• 1998

The problem of interface crack in the bonded structures has received a great deal of attention in recent years. In this paper the aluminum bonded single lap-joint containing the interface edge crack is investigated. The tensile load and the average shear stress of the adhesive joints which have different crack length are obtained from the static tensile tests. The critical value of crack length to provoke the interface fracture is determined to a/L=0.4, where a is the interface crack length and L is the adhesive lap-length. The fracture mechanical parameters are introduced to confirm the existence of the critical crack length. The compliance and the stress intensity factors are calculated using the displacement and the stress near the interface crack tip by the boundary element method. These numerical results support the experimental results that the critical value of a/L is 0.4. It is known that the compliance and the stress intensity factors are the efficient parameters to estimate the bonded single lap-joint containing the interface edge crack.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.190-197
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• 2011

Chungtaejeon is a traditional tea introduced in the age of the Three States and is the only "Don-cha" culture in the world that survived on the southwestern shore of Korea. To restore Chungtaejeon and to make the tea with consistent quality, the microorganisms involved in traditional type fermentation of Chungtaejeon were isolated, and the tea was prepared with high fermentation ability starters. The sensuous characteristics of Chungtaejeon were also examined. Only Bacilli were found in 3 and 5 year aged Chungtaejeon samples. The Lactobacilli were isolated from properly fermented kimchi and one of them showed high growth capability in media containing green tea extract and also showed strong antagonistic activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus, Salmonella, and E. coli. It was identified and named Lactobacillus plantarum CHO25. Chungtaejeon was fermented with a single starter of L. plantarum CHO25 and with a mixed starter (L. plantarum CHO25, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CHO104). The single fermented sample had the highest cell growth after 5 days of inoculation and the level decreased slowly thereafter. The mixed fermented sample showed strong growth of S. cerevisiae. The highest hunter values were the a value of the single fermented sample and the b value of the mixed sample. The single fermented tea showed the best incense score.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.822-827
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• 2000

The Si-SiO$_2$interface trap and nitride bulk trap distribution of SONOSFET(polysilicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor) NVSM (nonvolatile semiconductor memory) cell is investigated by single junction charge pumping method. The device was fabricated by 0.35㎛ standard logic fabrication process including the ONO stack dielectrics. The thickness of ONO dielectricis are 24$\AA$ for tunnel oxide, 74 $\AA$ for nitride and 25 $\AA$ for blocking oxide, respectively. By the use of single junction charge pumping method, the lateral profiles of both interface and memory traps can be calculated directly from experimental charge pumping results without complex numerical simulation. The interface traps were almost uniformly distributed over the whole channel region and its maximum value was 7.97$\times$10$\^$10/㎠. The memory traps were uniformly distributed in the nitride layer and its maximum value was 1.04$\times$10$\^$19/㎤. The degradation characteristics of SONOSFET with write/erase cycling also were investigated.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2021

The purpose was to reduce the distortion of the image that occurs in the temporal bone area due to the very strong differences in susceptibility. A new SS-TSE technique was applied when examining the diffusion-weighted image of the temporal bone, where the auditory and facial nerves to be imaged were very thin and were adjacent to the cranial base including bone and air. This study was conducted from March 2020 to August of the same year, targeting 32 subjects who underwent the diffusion-weighted imaging of the temporal bone. To compare the distortion, existing SS-EPI technique and the new SS-TSE technique were both applied on the temporal bone area. As a result of the study, applying the new SS-TSE technique appeared to lower the distortion of images by 87.44, 46.13 and 42.35 % on the b-value 0, 800 and the ADC images, respectively. In conclusion, when using the new SS-TSE technique on the temporal bone DWI, distortion can be reduced, and thus images with high diagnostic value can be obtained.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.623-630
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• 2009

This paper proposes a filter design guideline for grid-connected single-phase inverters. By analyzing the instantaneous voltage applied to the filter inductor, the switching ripple current through the filter inductor can be precisely calculated. Therefore, filter inductance can be designed accurately, which guaranties that the switching ripple current will be under the target value. The proposed filter design method is verified by experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.56-60
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• 2007

Nowadays shear wall structural system is gradually changing to framed structure. For this reason, lightweight panel is increasingly being used as separating walls. One of design methods to obtain high transmission loss is double panel. To predict the acoustic performance of double panel, prediction of transmission loss of single panel must be performed, previously. In this study, the predicted values for four single panels were compared with the measured values. The result shows the arithmetical average deviations(100Hz to 3150Hz) between the predicted and measured transmission loss were in range between 1.1dB and 3.9dB. The predicted values were generally lower than measured values above critical frequency. The single-number quantities, $R_W+C$, were predicted in range between 36dB to 38dB, and the differences of single-number quantities between the predicted and measured value were within 1dB.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.465-472
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• 2019

The SPR (Single Photo Resection) is widely used as a method of estimating the EOPs (Exterior Orientation parameters) at the time of taking a photograph, but it requires an initial value and has a disadvantage of being sensitive to the initial value. In this study, we introduce quaternion-based single photo resection and PnP (Perspective-n-Point) algorithm that do not require initial values and compare the results. Photos were taken using a general smartphone, and the ground control point acquisition was based on the hybrid MMS (Mobile Mapping System) point cloud data possessed by the researchers. As a result, when the collinear condition based SPR is true value, quaternion-based SPR has higher attitude angle estimation accuracy than PnP algorithm. In case of camera position estimation, both algorithms showed accuracy within 0.8m when compared with ground control points.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.64-69
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• 1984

We found that the maximum efficiency of Al-MIS (p-Si) solar ceil was shown at 80$\AA$ thickness of Al-film which was deposited with slower velocity than 0.6$\AA$/sec. It was coated with ZnS and SiO for Anti-Reflecting. In single coating, ZnS and SiO film had maximum Isc at 570 and 690 A thickness, respectively. We confirmed that these results agreed well with the quarter coating condition; n1d1=λ/4. In double coating, we held the one layer with its optimum thickness in single coating and controlled the other layer. The maximum value of Isc in this case was almost the same with it in single coating but was maintained its value in so wide range of thickness. Keeping the relation; n1d1=n2d2 as another way, we made the total thickness of film thinner to 70-90% of the sum of each optimum thickness in single coating. In this case Isc was higher value than 20% of it in any other previous case and was retained so wide range of thickness.