• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.485-490
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• 2001

Farmers in the centre of Vietnam have a tradition of dosing young cattle with groundnut oil before fattening them on a diet of rice straw and road-side grass. These farmers claim the cattle grow faster. It was hypothesized that the effect of the oil could be to eliminate the protozoa from the rumen. This is known to increase the net microbial growth efficiency in the rumen and increase the protein supply to the animal. To test this hypothesis, two experiments were undertaken; one on-station with four cattle fitted with rumen cannulae and the second a growth trial with 25 young cattle in smallholder farms. When the cannulated animals were drenched with groundnut oil, the protozoa were eliminated from the rumen and animals could be kept free of protozoa by isolation. The ammonia concentration in the rumen fluid was decreased when the protozoa were eliminated and there was an indication of improved rumen dry matter degradability of the forage components of the diet. In the practical condition on the smallholder farms, the growth rates of cattle drenched with groundnut oil were increased considerably (65%) compared with untreated control animals. The laboratory results when taken together with the on-farm results indicate that these resource-poor farmers had been able to defaunate their cattle and to maintain the fauna-free state by isolation of their animals from extraneous stock. This traditional practice in Central Vietnam, whereby one family keeps only one or two animals that are hand fed and tethered, has quite a large potential for all of those countries where animals are fed agro-industrial by-products, as it is highly economic. The use of 1 litre of oil compared with 1 kg of rice polishing per day (300 kg over 300 days), would be highly profitable in all countries of South-East Asia.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.494-499
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• 2005

We have demonstrated a fiber short-wavelength filter with a good cut-off property using dissimilar dispersive properties between? a thermally expanded cored fiber and an external medium. Side-polishing is applied to coupling between the fiber and the external medium. The experimental results revealed that the bend edge wavelength can be adjusted by controlling the degree of core expansion. Futhermore, the sharpness of wavelength response? was significantly? improved by employing expanded core fiber instead of a conventional single mode fiber. Tuning range of the band edge wavelength exceeded 400 m based on thermo-optic effect of the external medium.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.537-540
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• 2000

In developing a HPLC purification process, it was hoped that a single chromatographic system would be sufficient to abtain pure paclitaxel in high yield. However, no such system was found, due in part to the complex taxoid profile of crude paclitaxel and to the rigorous nature of the product specification. A two step HPLC purification was adopted using reverse-phase separation on C(sub)18 as a first step, and normal-phase separation on silica as the final polishing step. Impurity profiles were established and maintained for paclitaxel, which identified and quantified each impurity observed in purified paclitaxel from these two steps, all impurities at or above 0.1% were identified. Results provide information for improving the quality control of paclitaxel production.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.261-271
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• 1993

Functionally Gradient Materials(FGM) of 4.5Pb($Ni_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3$-55PZT and PLZT(lO/70 /30, 11/60/40) were prepared. Its dielectric and piezoelectric strain properties were investigated. The FGM were pressed into A/B/ A configuration using two kinds of films, one layer(A) was eliminated from FGM by polishing after sintering at $l250^{\circ}C$, 2 hrs. The acrylic binder system was successfully applied for crack free film through doctor blade method. The thickness of gradent layer in FGM was about 30${\mu}$m. Dielectric properties of FGM show the average value of each side layer. The strain-electric field characteristics of FGM were significantly improved comparison with the other single compositions. The prepared FGM piezoelectric actuator shows about 3${\mu}$m/IOOV displacement.