• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of mental practice with task activities through upper limbs movement speed and accuracy in ideomotor apraxia patient. Methods : As a single subject research design with multiple baseline across individuals, the patients were two ideomotor apraxia patients, employed in this study. The employed program included receiving mental practice and task activities, measuring change of the total performance times, time to put down the last cups and amount of water in cups for 4 weeks, including baseline and intervention periods. The subject were measured by Ideomotor apraxia test and MFT were analyzed. The analyses were performed using visually and two-standard deviation band method. Results : All subjects were a reduction in symptoms of apraxia, but noticeable change in upper limbs function was not there. Total time of performance from 376.67 to 355.24 seconds, 391.33 seconds to 434.60 seconds, reduced. Put down the cup of performance time from 15.67 to 13.30 seconds, 20.80 seconds to 10.73 seconds, reduced. The amount of water transferred from 52.38ml to 49.70ml, 50.89ml to 50.09ml, all results were closer to 50ml. Conclusion : As a result of this study, mental practice with task activities can be an effective method to ideomotor apraxia patients. This study would serve a fundamental data on ideomotor apraxia patients to the further studies.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2018

Multi-storey precast concrete skeletal structures are assembled from individual prefabricated components which are erected on-site using various types of connections. In the current design of these structures, beam-to-column connections are assumed to be pin jointed. Welded plate beam to-column connections have been used in the precast concrete industry for many years. They have many advantages over other jointing methods in component production, quality control, transportation and assembly. However, there is at present limited information concerning their detailed structural behaviour under bending and shear loadings. The experimental work has involved the determination of moment-rotation relationships for semi-rigid precast concrete connections in full scale connection tests. The study reported in this paper was undertaken to clarify the behaviour of such connections under symmetrical vertical loadings. A series of full-scale tests was performed on sample column for which the column geometry and weld arrangements conformed with successful commercial practice. Proprietary hollow core slabs were tied to the beams by tensile reinforcing bars, which also provide the in-plane continuity across the connections. The strength of the connections in the double sided tests was at least 0.84 times the predicted moment of resistance of the composite beam and slab. The secant stiffness of the connections ranged from 0.7 to 3.9 times the flexural stiffness of the attached beam. When the connections were tested without the floor slabs and tie steel, the reduced strength and stiffness were approximately a third and half respectively. This remarkable contribution of the floor strength and stiffness to the flexural capacity of the joint is currently neglected in the design process for precast concrete frames. In general, the double sided connections were found to be more suited to a semi-rigid design approach than the single sided ones. The behaviour of double sided welded plate connection test results are presented in this paper. The behaviour of single sided welded plate connection test results is the subject of another paper.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.603-622
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• 2018

Precast concrete structures are erected from individual prefabricated components, which are assembled on-site using different types of connections. In the present design of these structures, beam-to-column connections are assumed pin jointed. Bolted billet beam to-column connections have been used in the precast concrete industry for many years. They have many advantages over other jointing methods in component production, quality control, transportation and assembly. However, there is currently limited information concerning their detailed structural behaviour under vertical loadings. The experimental work has involved the determination of moment-relative rotation relationships for semi-rigid precast concrete connections in full-scale connection tests. The study reported in this paper was undertaken to clarify the behaviour of such connections under symmetrical vertical loadings. A series of full-scale tests was performed on sample column for which the column geometry and bolt arrangements conformed to successful commercial practice. Proprietary hollow core floor slabs were tied to the beams by 2T25 tensile reinforcing bars, which also provide the in-plane continuity across the connections. The contribution of the floor strength and stiffness to the flexural capacity of the joint is currently neglected in the design process for precast concrete frames. The flexural strength of the connections in the double-sided tests was at least 0.93 times the predicted moment of resistance of the composite beam and slab. The secant stiffness of the connections ranged from 0.94 to 1.94 times the flexural stiffness of the attached beam. In general, the double-sided connections were found to be more suited to a semi-rigid design approach than the single sided ones. The behaviour of double sided bolted billet connection test results are presented in this paper. The behaviour of single sided bolted billet connection test results is the subject of another paper.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.81-92
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• 2022

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the effect of beat-keeping games in smartphone applications on improving executive functions in children with developmental delays. Methods : Three children diagnosed with developmental delay were included in this study. The ABA design used a single-subject experimental research design. The independent variable was the beat-keeping game. The game was held three times a week for a total of seven times for 20 minutes, including breaks. The dependent variable, "Visual-motor speed," was measured every session to assess if the beat-keeping game was effective in improving the participant's executive function. Further, before and after the intervention, "Children's Color Trails Test (CCTT)", "Block design," and "Finding hidden picture" were measured. Results : All three participants showed improvement in the performance of the beat-keeping game and the executive functions of "Visual-motor speed" and visual attention. Conclusions : Based on the results of this study, various effective applications for learning and intervention can be developed and applied to children with developmental delays who have difficulty in motivating themselves and lack attention.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.13-26
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• 2013

Objective : The purpose of the study was to investigate The effects of the sensory integration intervention focused on combined both individual therapy and group therapy for sensory integration ability and occupational performance abilities in children with somatodyspraxia. Methods : Once in a total of 12 weeks, baseline period of four sessions and twenty-four session intervention period, research process had combined individual therapy and group therapy for sensory integration therapy. The Design is ABA design of single-subject research design. For a comparison of each-side of the operation performance change in therapy for children, through the assessment Baseline at four sessions and reassessment at two sessions after intervention, the Occupational performance ability change was measured. During intervention period, Process changed the Sensory Integration ability was measured through the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS). Results : The Sensory Integration Ability combined Individual therapy and Group therapy have effect about improvement of the Sensory Integration ability and the Occupational performance ability for children with Somatodyspraxia. Conclusion : Henceforth, subject will undergo systematized experimental design, and when dependent variable such as Sensory Integration ability and the Occupational performance was measured, effect-measuring study needs through using reliable tools.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.2212-2220
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• 2020

Background: Repetitive damage to the ankle joint causes chronic ankle instability, and studies comparing the effects of exercise in open and closed chains as a treatment method are very rare. Objectives: To investigate the effects of open and closed kinetic exercises on muscle activity and dynamic balance of ankle joint in adults with chronic ankle instability. Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Methods: The selected 30 subjects are randomly divided into open kinetic chain exercise experimental group (EGI, n=10), closed kinetic chain exercise experimental group (EGII, n=10), and stretching control group (CG, n=10). Open and closed kinetic exercises lasted 30 minutes three times a week for six weeks and stretching exercises performed four actions for 20 seconds and five sets. The measurement tools using surface electromyography to measure muscle activity in the ankle joint. The dynamic balance of the ankle was evaluated using the Y-Balance test. Results: Following the intervention, closed and open kinetic chain exercise group showed significant difference in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscle activity and dynamic balance (P<.05). However, no significant difference in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscle activity and dynamic balance between closed and open kinetic chain exercise group (P<.05). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that closed and open kinetic chain exercise can be presented as an effective exercise for the muscle activity of ankle muscle and dynamic balance of the subject with chronic ankle instability.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.107-113
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• 2017

Most of online bookstores are providing a user with the bibliographic book information rather than the concrete information such as thematic words and atmosphere. Especially, thematic words help a user to understand books and cast a wide net. In this paper, we propose an efficient extraction method of thematic words from book text by applying the compound noun and noun phrase synthetic method. The compound nouns represent the characteristics of a book in more detail than single nouns. The proposed method extracts the thematic word from book text by recognizing two types of noun phrases, such as a single noun and a compound noun combined with single nouns. The recognized single nouns, compound nouns, and noun phrases are calculated through TF-IDF weights and extracted as main words. In addition, this paper suggests a method to calculate the frequency of subject, object, and other roles separately, not just the sum of the frequencies of all nouns in the TF-IDF calculation method. Experiments is carried out in the field of economic management, and thematic word extraction verification is conducted through survey and book search. Thus, 9 out of the 10 experimental results used in this study indicate that the thematic word extracted by the proposed method is more effective in understanding the content. Also, it is confirmed that the thematic word extracted by the proposed method has a better book search result.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.30-44
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• 2021

Experimental investigation of counter-rotating propellers is subject to multiple time and cost constraint because of additional design parameters unlike single propeller. Also, a lot of computing time and resources are required for numerical analysis due to consideration of the interference between the upper and lower propellers. In the present study, numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the hover performance of counter-rotating propellers by using actuator method which is considered to be time-efficient. The accuracy of the present numerical methods was validated by comparing the ANSYS Fluent which is commercial CFD code. The axial spacing and rotational speed were selected as the analysis variables, and the aerodynamic performance was obtained under various conditions. Based on the obtained results, the Figure of Merit (FM) of single propeller and counter-rotating propellers and a prediction factor which enables prediction of counter-rotating propeller performance using a single propeller were derived to evaluate availability of the actuator method.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Objective : This study was to investigate effects of sensory integration intervention with oral activity on breathing and oral diadochokinetic movement of child with developmental disability. Methods : A subject of this study was 6years and 7month old boy, living in G city which was diagnosed as developmental disability. The study performed from November, 2012 to February, 2013. Research design used in this study is AB design for single-subject research. The experimental period was divided into two phase: 3 sessions for baseline phase (A), 16 sessions for treatment phase (B). There was sensory integration therapy on the baseline phase, and sensory integration intervention with oral activity was conducted on the treatment phase. Breathing measured a Spirometer, oral diadochokinetic movement was measured by measuring the time secondly when repeating "phathakha" ten times. Results : In comparison with the baseline phase, the child's breathing and diadochokinetic movement increased during the treatment phase. Conclusion : Sensory integration intervention with oral activity brought positive results to child's breathing and oral diadochokinetic movement.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the Spaced Retrieval Training (SRT) with Errorless learning on the elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)'s memory, Instrumental Activities Daily Living, Depression symptom. Methods: A single subject experimental research with ABA design was conducted in this study on the 78-years-old person who was enrolled in day-care center. The total experimental sessions were 16 which composed of 3 sessions for baseline, 10 sessions for intervention and 3 sessions for second baseline. K-Auditory Verbal Learning Test (K-AVLT) was measured for the memory each session. For the measurement of cognitive function, IADL, depression Symptom, Korean version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K), Philadelphia Geriatric Center Instrumental Activities Daily Living (PGC IADL), Geriatric Depression Scale Korean Version (GDS-K) was measured at pre-post test. Results: Memory at the phase B was improved than Phase A. At the phase B, the scores trend was ascending, but after the intervention at the phase A', the scores trend was descending. The scores of MoCA-K were improved, PGC IADL were maintained, GDS-K were decreased. Conclusion: This results support the evidence of the SRT with EL on the elderly with MCI in the clinical setting. In the future, the correlation researches about MCI's memory and other functional factors will be needed for effective occupational therapy service.