• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.489-497
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• 1994

The most serious problems related to the cardiovascular prothesis are thrombosis and hemolysis. It is known that the flow pattern of cardiovascular prostheses is highly correlated with thrombosis and hemolysis. Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) is a usual method to get flow pattern, which is difficult to operate and has narrow measure region. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) can solve these problems. Because the flow speed of valve is too high to catch particles by CCD camera, high-speed camera (Hyspeed : Holland-Photonics) was used. The estimated maximum flow speed was 5m/sec and maximum trackable length is 0.5 cm, so the shutter speed was determined as 1000 frames per sec. Several image processing techniques (blurring, segmentation, morphology, etc) were used for the preprocessing. Particle tracking algorithm and 2-D interpolation technique which were necessary in making gridrized velocity pronto, were applied to this PIV program. By using Single-Pulse Multi-Frame particle tracking algorithm, some problems of PIV can be solved. To eliminate particles which penetrate the sheeted plane and to determine the direction of particle paths are these solving methods. 1-D relaxation fomula is modified to interpolate 2-D field. Parachute artificial heart valve which was developed by Seoul National University and Bjork-Shiely valve was testified. For each valve, different flow pattern, velocity profile, wall shear stress and mean velocity were obtained.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.177-178
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• 2006

Digital holographic particle tracking velocimetry (HPTV) is developed by single high-speed camera and single continuous laser with long coherent length. This system can directly capture 4000 hologram fringe images for 1 second through a camera computer memory. The 3D particle location is made of the reconstruction by using a computer hologram algorithm. This system can successfully be applied to instantaneous 3D velocity measurement in the water flow inside a micro-tube. The average of 100 instantaneous velocity vectors is obtained by reconstruction and tracking with the time of evolution of recorded fringes images. In the near future, we will apply this technique to measure 3D flow information inside various micro structures.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.650-658
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• 1997

Analysis and control of intake charge motion such as swirl and tumble are very important factors in improving the gasoline engine performance. In this paper, single-frame PTV (particle tracking velocimetry) is used to investigate intake tumble patterns in a steady flow test rig of gasoline engine with dual-intake-valve and pent-roof combustion chamber. Intake tumble pattern is quantified in accordance with blockage ratio of TIV (tumble intensifying valve) with single- frame PTv.The view of the instantaneous 2-D velocity field gives a realistic understanding of in-cylinder flow field. Thus it is confirmed that PTV is a effective tool in engine design. In conventional port, two tumble structures appear clearly, and the larger one is observed under the exhaust valve side and the smaller is right below the intake valve side. The larger vorticity is observed in TIV port, thus it is concluded that TIV have an effect on intensified tumble motion in cylinder flow.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.108-115
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• 2002

The fundamental mechanism of a dispersed two-phase flow was investigated. Experiments were carried out to understand how the particles behaves under the influence of the particle size, shape, metamorphoses (bubble) and buoyancy of a single particle which is ascending from the standstill water. Two CCD cameras were employed for image processing of the behavior of the particles and the surrounding flow, which was interpreted with the technique of correlation PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) and PTV (Particle Tracking Veloci- metry), respectively The experimental results showed that the large density difference bet- ween a particle and water caused high relative velocity and induced zigzag motion of the particle. Furthermore, the turbulence intensity of a bubble was about twice the case of the spherical solid particle of similar diameter.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.289-297
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• 2009

We numerically analyzed flow characteristics of the polymer melt in the screw equipment using a proper modeling and investigated design parameters which have influence on the mixing performance as the capability of the screw equipment. We considered the non-Newtonian and non-isothermal flow in a single rotor equipment to investigate the mixing performance with respect to screw dimensions as shape parameter of the single rotor equipment and screw speed as process parameter. We used Bird-Carreau-Yasuda model as a viscous model of the polymer melt and the particle tracking method to investigate the mixing performance in the screw equipment and considered four mixing performance indexes: residence time distribution, deformation rate, total strain and particle standard deviation as a new mixing performance index. We compared these indexes to determine design parameters and object function. On basis of the analysis results, we carried out the optimal design by using the response surface method and design of experiments. In conclusion, the differences of results between the optimal value and numerical analysis are about 5.0%.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.175-179
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• 2022

The physical properties of biomaterials are important for their isolation and separation from body fluids. In particular, the precise evaluation of the multi-physical properties of single biomolecules is essential in that the correlation between physical and biological properties of specific biomolecule. However, the majority of scientific equipment, can only determine specific-physical properties of single nanoparticles, making the evaluation of the multi-physical properties difficult. The improvement of analytical techniques for the evaluation of multi-physical properties is therefore required in various research fields. In this study, we developed a motion-tracking algorithm to evaluate the multi-physical properties of single-nanoparticles by analyzing their behavior. We observed the Brownian motion and electric-field-induced drift of fluorescent nanoparticles injected in a microfluidic chip with two electrodes using confocal microscopy. The proposed algorithm is able to determine the size of the nanoparticles by i) removing the background noise from images, ii) tracking the motion of nanoparticles using the circular-Hough transform, iii) extracting the mean squared displacement (MSD) of the tracked nanoparticles, and iv) applying the MSD to the Stokes-Einstein equation. We compared the evaluated size of the nanoparticles with the size measured by SEM. We also determined the zeta-potential and surface-charge density of the nanoparticles using the extracted electrophoretic velocity and the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation. The proposed motion-tracking algorithm could be employed in various fields related to biomaterial analysis, such as exosome analysis.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.143-151
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• 2006

We analyzed the non-Newtonian and non-isothermal flow in a single screw extruder system and investigated the mixing performance with respect to the screw speed and the screw pitch. The viscosity of polymer melt was described with Carreau-Yasuda model. The mixing performance was computed numerically by tracking the motions of particles in the screw element system. The extent of mixing was characterized in terms of the deformation rate, the residence time distribution, and the strain. The results revealed that the high screw speed reduces the residence time but increases the deformation rate while the small screw pitch increases the residence time. It is concluded that the high screw speed increases the dispersive mixing performance and the small screw pitch increases the distributive mixing performance.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2579-2584
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• 2007

A digital micro holographic particle tracking velocimetry (HPTV) system consisting of a high-speed camera and a single laser with acoustic optical modulator (AOM) chopper was established. The digital micro HPTV system was applied to water flow in a micro curved-tube for measuring instantaneous 3-D velocity field data consecutively. The micro curved-tube is using to reproduce the dorsal aorta or utilize in various lap-on-a-chip. The temporal evolution of a three-dimensional water flow in the micro curved-tube (the curvature, ${\kappa}$=1/${\phi}$, 2/${\phi}$, 4/${\phi}$, 8/${\phi}$) of 100 ${\mu}m$ and 300 ${\mu}m$ inner diameters was obtained and mean velocity field distribution was obtained by statistical-averaging the instantaneous velocity fields.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.34-43
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• 2001

Analysis and control of intake charge motion such as swirl and tumble are very important to improve the performance of gasoline engines. In this paper, single frame double exposure PTV(particle tracking velocimetry) is used to investigate intake flow characteristic in a steady flow test rig of gasoline engine with 2-valve and pent-roof combustion chamber. To validate this PTV method, we confirmed reliability of this PTV method using chopper, and coaxial burner experiments. The velocity Held of intake flow is measured with the intake valve lift variation. It is shown that maximum flow velocity is increased and tumble flow become stronger than inverse tumble flow as valve lift increase.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.12-15
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• 2007

Macromolecule diffusion in cells and tissues is important for cell signaling, metabolism and locomotion. Biophysical methods, including non-invasive or minimally invasive in-vivo photobleaching techniques and single quantum-dot tracking, have been used to measure the rates of macromolecule diffusion in living cells and tissues, including central nervous system and tumors. Mathematical modeling and statistical analysis of experimental data revealed various modes of diffusion, which are strongly coupled with spatiotemporal changes in nanoscale structures and material properties.