• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2016

Objectives : The word, Simju are usually regarded as Simpo. However, I recognized that Simju was not Simpo in Huandinsijing. Therefore, I tried to find out the meaning of Simju in Huangdineijing and also tried to find out the meaning of Simpo, Simporak and Porak in Huangdineijing because those words are related to Simju. Methods : I referred several annotations, which explained the words ; Simju, Simpo, Simporak, Porak and classified the meanings. Results : 22 Simju out of 25 in Huangdineijing didn't mean Simpo. Those meant Gwoleum of Sugwoleum. Rest of 2 Simju meant heart and 1 meant Simpo. Only one Simju meant Simpo even thogh Simju are usually regarded as Simpo. Conclusions : The word couldn't mean the same meaning comparing to what are usually used as a certain meaning, so researchers could consider to treat several words' meaning by time and places.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.141-155
• /
• 2010

Simpo(心包. Pericardium) was described early in "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)". But there has been a lot of criticisms about this organ. Jinsatak(陳士鐸) is one of famous doctors in Cheong(淸) dynasty. He suggested a creative Oriental medical theory and he did a profound research on Simpo(心包). "Oegyeongmieon(外經微言)" is one of his books recording his oriental medical theory in detail so it is the good documentary record for observing his theory of the Simpo(心包). So we looked into his theory of Simpo(心包) in "Oegyeongmieon(外經微言)" and also referred to his other books. You might be able to get a viewpoint of utilizing Simpo(心包) in several ways through reading this paper.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.18 no.4 s.31
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2005

On the importance of brain, Nei Ching has many descriptions, but it has been 3,000 years since the theory was issued that brain should be considered as a viscera. Nowadays scientists rush more studies on brain in international scientific field, Eastern medicine is to be required for the solution of it. This study is on the identical pathological mechanism between Simpo and brain based on my researches on senil dimentia through continued reports last 15 years. A psychosis is caused by stress and abnormality of neurotransmitter on brain, for which is caused by seven emotions and pathological material on Simpo in Pyun Jahk Simseo, so it shows Simpo is brain clearly. Therefore Simpo is no more intangible organ but brain, Samcho which has been debated similarly for thousands of years in the orient is no more intangible but spinal nerve system on central nerve with its structure and physiological points, and both two organs are composed of inside and outside relationship in Eastern medicine, I report hereby today.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.80-80
• /
• 2015

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.362-369
• /
• 2007

Opinions about Simpo[心包:Xinbao], Samcho[三焦:Sanjiao] and Myoungmoon[命門:Mingmen] are controversial from begin of Oriental medicine [醫東學]. In this study I first will focus on each opinion about 3 things above that many doctors had mentioned before and find out the meanings that those doctors had tired to explain. Secondly I will try to consider the meanings of Shimpo Samcho and Myoungmoon themselves. Thirdly I will explain that the relations between Shimpo, Samcho and Myoungmoon by theories of Organs[臟腑]and Meridians[經絡] Korean Oriental Medicine and the substantial meanings through those works that I mentioned above. Finally I could have conclusions about Shimpo, Samcho and Myoungmoon. Shimpo is a intermediation between Shim[心:Xin] and Shin[腎:Shen] at the point of Shimshinsanggyo[心腎相交:Xinshenxiangjiao] and Myoungmoon is a intermediation also as same as Shimp although shimpo is based on Shim and Myoungmoon is based on Shin. sanghwa[相火:Xianghuo] is related to Shimpo and Myoungmoon at the view of the naming structure of Meridians. Each Shimpo and Myoungmoon has the meaning of Sanghwa. Samcho is suppose to be tube structure and have a pair with Sanghwa because of position in the naming structure of Meridians so it contains Sanghwa as a pathway of Sanghwa.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The present study evaluated the effects of sa-am acupuncture (SAA) simpo-jeongkyeok (SPJK) treatment on the blood pressure (BP), pulse rate (PR), and body temperature (BT) of patients with hwa byung (HB). Methods: This patient assessor blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial included 50 volunteers, divided randomly into two groups. The treatment group underwent SPJK (PC9, LR1, PC3, KI10) while the control (sham) group received minimal needle insertion at non acupoints. The BP in both arms, PR, and BT at several acupoints were measured before and after treatment at the $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$, $3^{rd}$, and $4^{th}$ visits and before treatment at the follow-up visit. We analyzed data by using the repeated measured analysis of variance (RM ANOVA), Mann-Whitney U, and wilcoxon signed rank tests; differences at P < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: No significant differences in the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and PR between the treatment and control group were observed at each visit. However, the decrease in the SBP for the treatment group before and after each visit was significantly higher than it was in the control group. The SBP in both arms in the treatment group was decreased between visits 1 and 2, 1 and 3, 1 and 4, and 1 and follow-up. The DBP in both arms and in the right arm between visits 1 and 3 in the treatment group showed decreases. A minimal BT increase for treatment at CV06 and CV12 and a minimal BT decrease for treatment at CV17 and (Ex) Yintang were found. Patients in the treatment group who visited more frequently experienced a greater decrease in the PR, but that effect was not maintained. Conclusion: The results suggest that SAA SPJK treatment has instant positive effects on the BP, PR, and BT in patients with HB, but the effects on the BP and PR are not maintained.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2012

The Sambyeongudo(三變九圖) which was deducted from Cheonbu-Kyeong(天符經) is the figure about the principle of the Book of Changes in the mutual organic way, and the Five elements means the principle of Generation and the Sasang means the principle of Change, so Kugung of the concept of composing Five elements and Sasang means the principle of Generativechange, Sasangjeok-Ohaengkoan(四象的五行觀). As it is substituted to the human body, Five elements can be compared to the meridian system, Sasang can be compared to Eight extra meridians, and Kugung can be compared to Five su point Sasangjeok-Ohaengkoan. In addition, if Simpo and Samcho are compared to Cheon Ji In Samjae(天地人三才) of Trigrams, then 13 cure points can be deducted. If 13 cure points are substituted to Chilyojeongsa(七曜政事) and Moderation as another concept of Kugung, then all diseases can be cured regardless of the physical constitution and name of a disease.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.191-198
• /
• 2007

The ultrastructure of germ cells and follicle cells during oogenesis, oocyte degeneration, reproductive cycle, and first sexual maturity in female Cyclina sinensis were investigated for clams collected from Simpo, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, by cytological and histological observations. Vitellogenesis occured by way of endogeous autosynthesis and exogenous heterosynthesis: vitellogensis occurred through a process of autosynthesis, which involves a combined activities of the Golgi complex, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The process of heterosynthesis involved endocytotic incorporation of extraovarian precursors into the basal region of the early vitellogenic oocytes prior to the formation of vitelline envelope. The follicle cells appear to play an integral role in vitellogenesis and oocyte degeneration, functioning in phagocytosis and digestion of products originating from the degenerated oocytes: these functions can permit the transfer of yolk precursors needed for vitellogenesis. Follicle cells might have a lysosomal system for breakdown and might also resorb phagosomes in the cytoplasm for nutrient storage during oocyte degeneration.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2008

The gonad index, reproductive cycle and first sexual maturity of Sinonovacula constricta collected from Simpo, Kimje-gun, Korea were investigated by histological analysis. The gonad index(GI) in both sexes of S. constricta increased from April and reached a maximum in July when the water temperature rapidly increased. And then, the GI values gradually decreased by spawning from August through October. Monthly variations in the GI showed a close relationship with ovarian development. The reproductive cycle in females and males can be classified into five successive stages: early active stage(March to June), late active stage(May to July), ripe stage(July to September), partially spawned stage(August to October), spent/inactive stage(October to March). The percentage of first sexual maturations in female and male clams of 50.1-60.0 mm in shell length was over 50%, and for clams over 70.1 mm in shell length, it was 100%. Because harvesting clams < 50.1 mm in shell length could potentially cause a drastic reduction in recruitment, a measure including a prohibitory fishing size should be taken for adequate improved fisheries resource management.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.19 no.2 s.33
• /
• pp.97-107
• /
• 2006

From the study on the relation of voice and O-jang(五臟廳), the conclusion is as follows. The function of breathing out in larynx is involved with lung and kidney. Lung press out the air, at the same time, kidney supports that to maintenance the density of air constantly. So the person who has short breathing can not make strong voice, and also if having a weak kidney in upper Cho[下蕉], their voice will be changed so very softly to cannot make hard type of voice and lingering sounds. Opening and Closing of vocal cords are controled by liver and spleen. when vocal cords are contracted, liver makes tension, whereas spleen does in slackness. So liver is likely to make high-piched sounds in tension of vocal cords, and spleen is the same to do smoothy and husky sounds through relaxing the vocal cords. In the rising condition of liver function, the temp of speech become fast, and more the pronunciation is clearer, it means that the function of thinking by spleen is operated well. Otherwise, indistinct pronunciation means that in the body seup-sa(濕邪) spreads. Also depression of emotion in speech often makes Gi(氣) of heart weaker, whereas it means regular condition of heart including Simpo(心包) that expression of emotion looks happy.