• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1979

The application of optimization techniques to the planning of industrial, economic, administrative and military activities with random technological coefficients has been extensively studied in the literature. Stochastic (linear) programs with simple recourse essentially model the allocation of scarce resources under uncertainty with linear penalties associated with shortages or surplus. This work on a problem with a discrete random resource vector, "The allocation of aircraft under uncertain demand" given in (1), is easily and efficiently handled by the application of the recently developed Wets' algorithm (8) for solving stochastic programs with simple recourse, which approves that such class of stochastic problems can be solved with the same efficiency as solving linear programs of the same size. It is known that the algorithm is also applicable to stochastic programs with continuous random demands for their approximate solutions.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.25-47
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• 2017

Forfaiting is a trade finance facility whereby financial institution purchases accounts receivable from exporters, on a without recourse basis. After the adoption of K-IFRS in 2011, accounting for simple borrowing as usual negotiation increases debt ratio which in turn, worsens financial soundness of a company. Hence, exporting companies have their interest in forfaiting that enables book-off in order to decrease the borrowing. Along with the execution of URF 800 at ICC and increasing the interest of exporting companies into forfaiting, foreign exchange banks in Korea expand the development of products related to forfaiting. Upon surveying all these national banks of this matter, this paper identified an appropriate solution for the forfaiting practice.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.23-36
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• 2016

We consider a model that minimizes the total cost incurred by assigning available weapons to existing targets in order to reduce enemy threats, which is called the weapon target assignment problem (WTAP). This study addresses the stochastic versions of WTAP, in which data, such as the probability of destroying a target, are given randomly (i.e., data are identified with certain probability distributions). For each type of random data or parameter, we provide a stochastic optimization model on the basis of the expected value or scenario enumeration. In particular, when the probabilities of destroying targets depending on weapons are stochastic, we present a stochastic programming formulation with a simple recourse. We show that the stochastic model can be transformed into a deterministic equivalent mixed integer programming model under a certain discrete probability distribution of randomness. We solve the stochastic model to obtain an optimal solution via the mixed integer programming model and compare this solution with that of the deterministic model.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.13 no.1_2
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• pp.261-275
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• 2003

In this paper we study two stage problems of stochastic convex programming. Solving the problems is very hard. A L-shaped method for it is given. The implement of the algorithm is simple, so less computation work is needed. The result of computation shows that the algorithm is effective.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.685-688
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 저수지군 연계운영을 위한 표본 추계학적 선형 계획(SSLP, Sampling Stochastic Linear Programming) 모형을 제안한다. 일반적 추계학적 모형은 과거 자료로부터 확률변수의 확률분포를 추정하고 이를 몇 개 구간으로 나누어 이산 확률 값을 산정하여 기댓값이 최대가 되는 운영방안을 도출하지만 저수지 유입량 예측시 고려되어야할 지속성 효과(Persistemcy Effect)와 유역간 또는 시점별 공분산 효과(The joint spatial and temporal correlations)를 반영하는데 많은 한계가 있다. 이를 극복하기 위하여 과거자료 자체를 유입량 시나리오로 적용하여 시${\cdot}$공간적 상관관계를 유지하는 표본 추계학적(Sampling Stochastic)기법을 바탕으로 Simple Recourse Model로 구성한 추계학적 선형 계획 모형을 제시한다. 이 모형은 미국 기상청(NWS)에서 발생 가능한 유입량의 시나리오를 예측하는 방법인 앙상블 유량 예측(ESP, Ensemble Streamflow Prediction)을 통한 시나리오를 적용함으로써 좀더 신뢰성 있는 저수지군 연계운영 계획을 도출 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.156-157
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• 2003

A simple method is proposed to split the flux vector of the Euler equations by introducing two artificial wave speeds. The direction of wave propagation can be adjusted by these two wave speeds. This idea greatly simplifies the upwinding, and leads to a new family of upwind schemes. Numerical flux function for multi-dimensional Euler equations is formulated for any grid system, structured or unstructured. A remarkable simplicity of the scheme is that it successfully achieves one-sided approximation for all waves without recourse to any matrix operation. Moreover, its accuracy is comparable with the exact Riemann solver. For 1-D Euler equations, the scheme actually surpasses the exact solver in avoiding expansion shocks without any additional entropy fix. The scheme can exactly resolve stationary contact discontinuities, and it is also freed of the carbuncle problem in multi­dimensional computations.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.67-90
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• 2008

This case used MI techniques that give an imagery experience to depressed client's mental resource, and that makes in to verbalism. Also those images are supportive level therapy examples that apply to positive variation. MI is simple word of 'Music and Imagery' with one of psychology cure called GIM(Guided Imagery and Music). It makes client can through to the inner world and search, confront, discern and solve with suitable music. Supportive Level MI is only used from safety level music. Introduction of private session can associate specification feeling, subject, word or image. And those images are guide to positive experience. The First session step of MI program is a prelude that makes concrete goal like first interview. The Second step is a transition that can concretely express about client's story. The third step is induction and music listening. And it helps to associate imagery more easily by used tension relaxation. Also it can search and associate about various imagery from the music. The last step is process that process drawing imagery, talking about personal imagery experience in common with therapist that bring the power by expansion the positive experience. Client A case targets rapport forming(empathy, understanding and support), searching positive recourse(child hood, family), client's emotion and positive support. Music must be used simple tone, repetition melody, steady rhythm and organized by harmony music of what therapist and client's preference. The client used defense mechanism and couldn't control emotion by depression in 1 & 2 sessions. But the result was client A could experience about support and understanding after 3 sessions. After session 4 the client had stable, changed to positive emotion from the negative emotion and found her spontaneous. Therefore, at the session 6, the client recognized that she will have step of positive time at the future. About client B, she established rapport forming(empathy, understanding and support) and searching issues and positive recognition(child hood, family), expression and insight(present, future). The music was comfortable, organizational at the session 1 & 2, but after session 3, its development was getting bigger and the main melody changed variation with high and low of tune. Also it used the classic and romantic music. The client avoids bad personal relations to religious relationship. But at the session 1 & 2, client had supportive experience and empathy because of her favorite, supportive music. After session 3, client B recognized and face to face the present issue. But she had avoidance and face to face of ambivalence. The client B had a experience about emotion change according depression and face to face client's issues After session 4. At the session 5 & 6, client tried to have will power of healthy life and fairly attitude, train mental power and solution attitude in the future. On this wise, MI program had actuality and clients' issues solution more than GIM program. MI can solute the issue by client's based issue without approach to unconsciousness like GIM. Especially it can use variety music and listening time is shorter than GIM and structuralize. Also can express client's emotion very well. So it can use corrective and complement MI program to children, adolescent and adult.