• Journal of architectural history
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.7-22
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• 2021

This study was prepared to understand the changes in the stylobate and the characteristics of contrasting with the wooden pagoda of Hwangnyongsa Temple, which occupies an important position in ancient architecture. Literature data related to the wooden pagoda of Hwangnyongsa Temple, excavation data, and newly identified stylobate stone were examined.The reconstruction period of the wooden pagoda of Hwangnyongsa Temple, the size and form of the stylobate, the plan of the stylobate, the height plan, and the elevation plan were reviewed one after another.Since its foundation in 646, the wooden pagoda of Hwangnyongsa Temple has been rebuilt during the reign of King Gyeongmun in 873 and a stylobate has been rebuilt. Through the analysis of similar cases with the wooden pagoda's face stone members, the elevation of the stylobate was proved. It is estimated that the size and format of the wooden pagoda stylobate were similar to those of the reconstruction stylobate. It seems that the Sumijwa style stylobate was first introduced to the foundation of the wooden pagoda of Hwangnyongsa Temple. This is of great significance in that it provided a fundamental motif for the stylobate of architecture and stone architecture of the Unified Silla period.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.45
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• pp.29-40
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to classify of the Heart shaped Earring in old tombs of Three Kingdom States. First Heart shaped Earring is 7 part in according to heart styles. I-A type was original style and that was influenced by scythe style. I-A II-A type was general style that was found in most of the old tombs in Kokuryo Pacijae ancient Silla Gaya. I-B II-2-A type was also found in most of the old tombs except Kokuryo. Then II-2-A type was transmitted to Japanese Heart shaped Earring. I-A, I-B, II-1, II-2-A type was general style in ancient Silla gaya. Ii-1-B, II-2-B. II-3-A type was excavated from the only Pacjae tombs and II-3-B type was excavated from Kokuryo tombs. II-3-A, II-3-B type was unique style that was found in old tombs in Kokuryo, Pacjae.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2016

This paper aimed to identify a main-path remains in the Hwangnyongsa temple site based on studying published the excavation survey report and researching relics related to the path in the ancient temple site. Hwngnyongsa temple, there were three type's paved footway, straight path to the central axis line of the layout, outside path around the main buildings and the front square of the lecture hall. These remains were expected that installed for some purposes, such as marches, touring, sort of a Buddhist ceremony been performed at the time of Silla. Straight path shows there were two rows of the main access inside the roofed corridor. A row consisted of the 2~3 pieces processed stone(Jangdaeseok) altogether with 92cm width and combined with square stone and stepping stone on the end of the road. It is regarded as very characteristic form and one of the architectural elements of Hwangnyongsa temple in Unified Silla period.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.485-492
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to classify of the Cone shaped Pendants in old tombs of Three Kingdom States. These Cone shaped Pendants are made of bronze and coated with gold plate or Gold. Each Cone shaped Pendants consists of a Sehwhan(細環) type or Taewhan type, a median part in the form of a several joined small globe, or circular shape, and finally a cone-shared pendant. Cone shaped Pendants is 5 part(A-L A-b, B-1-a, B-1-b, B-2-b type) in according to the styles of the Sehwhan(細環) and Taewhan type and median ornament types. A-a, A-b, B-1-a, B-1-b type was general style that was found in most of the old tombs in Kokuryo, Pacjae, ancient Silla. B-2-b type was excavated from the only Kokuryo tombs.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2014

This paper aimed to identify the variation of layout in Hwangnyoungsa buddhist temple site based on studying published the excavation research paper and texts related to layout. According to earlier studies, in 1st construction period(553~569) of Hwangnyoungsa, there were trisection spaces with one main hall and two corridors in inner part and then in 2nd period(584~645), unified one. But actually trisection spaces had been maintained until the middle part of 8th century. And in each space there was the main hall with large yard. That is the 2nd period layout of Hwangnyoungsa. For the attainment this result, each building remains are judged under duplicated situation which one was the previous and next by consideration of the construction condition and special features of foundation. Although the meaning of trisection system of Hwangnyoungsa is similar with the layout of ancient palace, it could be said to derive from accumulation excavation research in Silla's archeological site and such studies.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.369-373
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• 2007

RFID systems large volume of data, it can lead to slower queries. To achieve better query performance, we can partition into active and some nonactive data. In this paper, we propose two approaches of partitioning for efficient query support. The one is average period plus delta partition and the other is adaptive average period partition. We also present the system architecture to manage active data and non-active data and logical database schema. The data manager check the active partition and move all objects from the active store to an archive store associated with an average period plus data and an adaptive average period. Our experiments show the performance of our partitioning methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.5
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• pp.197-206
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• 1981

This study focuses upon the custom of the headgear as a part of historical research on our traditional student uniform. It covers from Sam Kuk period(三國鼎立時代) of which we have found written records of formal education through the period under Japanese colonialism: The followings briefly summerizes the results of this study; 1) The educational civilization. The formalism of national education had been similar to that of China. It's main contents consisted of Chinese literature and practice of confucianism. It's objectives had been the education of selected men of ability, most of whom were the offspring of the high class. The education contents after the civilizational period had been gradually modernized for the purpose of westernization. 2) The changes of students' headgear. They had worn the Nakwon of Julpoong style (折風形羅冠) in the Sam Kuk period. They had worn Bok-Doo in the unified Silla dynasty, and Sadaimoolla-Kun (四帶文羅巾), Pyungjung-Kun (平頂巾) and Pyungjung-Dookun (平頂頭巾) in Koryo dynasty. They had worn Yoo-Kun (儒巾), Bok-Kun (福巾) in Yi dynasty. The noticeable distinction under Japanese colonialism had been the custom uniformity from headgear to footwear. Middle school educatee had worn round cap and professional school and college educatees had worn square hats.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.57-62
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• 2012

Background and Purpose : This study was to analysis effects of muscle fatigue on error of elbow joint sense. Methods : A total 19 healthy student(men = 10, women = 9) who did't have any problem of musculoskeletal system in upper extremities participated this study. we divided two groups into young group(n = 10, $19.67{\pm}.5$) and old group(n = 9, $28.56{\pm}1.5$). In order to evoke muscle fatigue of elbow flexor, we used Biodex, and participations performed concentric contraction of elbow flexor 150 numbers as well as we measured error of joint sense using by Biodex. We collected data just after, 30min, 2hour, 24hour after evoked muscle fatigue, and we finanlly acquired average value of three times measured joint sense of elbow joint. And we calculated value of percentage of error of joint sense. We analyzed collected data by repeated ANOVA, ANOVA using by SPSS ver.12.0 program. Result : This study showed that there was no significantly effects between groups and within groups, we could see that there was significantly difference among duration by each group of age, and sex(p<.05). Conclusion : The error of joint position sense presented highest value just period after evoked muscle fatigue compared after 30 min, 2 hours, 24 hours, and we can't find out interaction between duration and age and sex.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.36
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• pp.69-86
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• 2003

This article introduce the manufacturing technique of Silla potteries based on the result excavated from Songogdong and Mulchunri site in Gyungju. As a result, we selected the kiln-site to produce Silla potteries and knew the feature which following to make them. 1. The Environmental elements to take a kiln-site were abundant fuel, plenty water and suitable soil. In particular, efficient usage of refracted winds and reserved space of forepart in the kiln-site were importantly applied to select place of kiln-site. 2. The structure of the kiln-body have been changing according to the time. It could be massproduced by produce-group from the middle and end of sixth centry which the fireplace-kiln was generalized. 3. The work center of equipments were related kiln-site. It consisted of mixed wheel, keepingpit and ditch. We knew that a look-out shed had been appeared according to utility purpose variously. 4. It sees as trimming trace of inner and outter aspects in excavated potteries and we knew that wheel had been turn to the contrast watch direction. For producing pottery of the good guality, various kiln-tools had been used already at Silla period and they used for the different purpose. 5. We intended to know method for laying the potteries in the kiln through the example of the adherent pottery to be melted. Finally, manufature and tomb-site are separated by the time through current situation of Songokdong and Mulchonri site. At the same time, we could know that group of Chounbuk kiln-site moved from the south to the north step by step.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.523-529
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the costumes of the ruling class in the Asuka-Nara Period by looking at the change in the clothing law of the era. During the Asuka-Nara period, various cultures such as Buddhism, architecture, sculpture, paintings, music, and so on were introduced through vigorous exchange with Chosun and Tang. Contrary to the primitive-Kohun Period, the regulation about costumes was enacted as law in the Asuka-Nara Period this fact tells us that there was high interest in clothing. Frequent reorganization of clothing law had to do with the rank system of Japan as well as with the exchange with other countries. The clothing law of Asuka-Nara Period was mostly consisted of the regulations about costumes of the ruling class including the royal family and government officials. The law regulated different coronet and color for the clothing depending on the different rank of the government officials. The more classified the rank was, the more varied color was used. In addition, there was a variety in the costumes system; 2 piece clothing of the Kohun Period was continuously used while new types of clothing were also introduced. The royal family members and government officials wore different types of clothing such as Yebok, Jobok, and Jebok, depending on time, place, or the purpose of occasion. The costumes of this period could be inferred from the analysis of the relics.