• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2020

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a representative marker for inflammation. Silk sericin is known as mild TNFα inducer. The purpose of this study was to compare the level of TNFα among different fractions of silk sericin. Silk sericin was extracted from cocoon and separated it by molecular weight. Each fraction was applied to RAW264.7 cells. The level of TNFα was evaluated by western blot and ELISA assay. In results, the level of TNFα was increased as time-dependent manner. Higher molecular weight fraction of sericin induced higher amount of TNFα than lower molecular weight fraction. In conclusion, different molecular weight fraction of sericin induced TNFα differently.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제7권
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• pp.75-79
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• 1967

생견 및 건견에 적외선을 조사하여 조사성적과 생사의 품위를 조사하고 아울러 생사에 직접 조사한 때의 실외 물리적 성질을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 생견에 적외선을 조사한 것은 건견 및 무처리구에 비하여 생사량비율이 높았다. 2. 원료견과 생사에 적외선이 조사되면 생사의 강력(4.5g/d)은 향상되나 신도는 저하되었다. 3. 적외선조사에 의하여 생사는 황변화 하였다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 1997

The silk fibroin solution was prepared and applied to the surface of fabrics for the purpose of weighting as well as a surface modification. The water-soluble fibroin solution can be obtained by dissolving the cocoon fibroin in a boiling solution of 50% calcium chloride for 60 minutes. For the fixation of a water soluble fibroin onto the fabric surface, the various methods were investigated. The fixation can be achieved on a silk fabric by the after treatment with ethanol, stannous choride and methacrylamide. On the other hand, the epichlorhydrin compound is the most promising fixation agent for a cotton fabric. As a result of the examination of property changes, the softness and crease recovery were lessened for a silk crepe fabric by treating with 1-2% fibroin solution, while those properties were improved for a silk knit fabric.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2011

This study was conducted to test the use of colored cocoon silkworm, Golden Silk, as a host for the fruiting body production of Cordyceps mushroom. Golden Silk variety had a shorter larval period than Yangwonjam at $25.3^{\circ}C$ and 78.5% RH: The average larval period of the Golden Silk was 24 days and 7 hr, and that of the Yangwonjam was 24 days and 15 hr. In the infection test of I. tenuipes on silkworm, the larval period of normal silkworms was longer than the silkworms inoculated with I. tenuipes in both Golden Silk and Yangwonjam. The pupae survival percentage of Golden Silk was 94.4%, whereas it was 91.9% in Yangwonjam. Golden Silk had a higher pupation rate than Yangwonjam. The pupation rate of normal silkworms was about 5% higher than that of silkworms inoculated with I. tenuipes. Infection rate of I. tenuipes into larvae of 5th instar newly exuviated silkworm was 93.8% in Golden Silk, and 96.9% in Yangwonjam. Synnemata production of I. tenuipes was better in Yangwonjam with an incidence rate of 99.8% than Golden Silk with 98.6%. The average synnemata weight of Golden Silk was 1.12 g and that of Yangwonjam 1.29 g. Golden Silk had a lower synnemata weight than Yangwonjam. But no significant difference was observed in synnemata weight varieties. The synnemata of I. tenuipes produced on pupae were white or milky-white in color, and similar in shape and color to wild synnemata collected in Korea.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2003

Four thermo-tolerant lines of silkworm, Bombyx mori, (L.) viz., A HT, B HT (Chinese type) and F HT, G HT (Japanese type) were evolved by utilizing the breeding resource material (identified from initial screening at a temperature of 31 ${\pm} 1^{\circ}C$ and relative humidity 85 ${\pm}$ 5%) through conventional breeding. These tolerant lines were crossed with productive breeds and forty four hybrids were evaluated on eight economic traits by the Multiple Trait Evaluation Index Method. Ten hybrids were short-listed based on the average evaluation index value larger than 50 for eight economic traits studied. The identified ten hybrids recorded higher index values (＞ 50) for most of the traits studied. Single hybrid G ${\times}$ CSR12 indicated average index value larger than 50 for six traits viz., pupation number (58), cocoon weight (67), shell weight (65), average filament length (74), raw silk % (69), reelability % (51) except for shell ratio % (41). The standard deviation of the cocoons in the above hybrid was 8.41 in the hybrid cocoon length and width measurement. However, two selected hybrids viz., A ${\times}$ CSR5 and G ${\times}$ CSR13 recorded average index value larger than 50 for all the traits viz., pupation number (57, 60), cocoon weight (50, 54), shell weight (56, 57), shell ratio percentage (59, 53), average filament length (55, 60), raw silk percentage (63, 67) and reelability percentage (53, 53). The standard deviation of the cocoons in the two selected hybrids viz., A ${\times}$ CSR5 and G ${\times}$ CSR13 was 8.41 and 8.06 respectively in the cocoon length and width measurement.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2002

The wild silkmoth, Actias gnoma was firstly collected at Suwon located in the middle part of Korea. The developmental and morphological characteristics of A. gnoma reared under the laboratory conditions were analysed. The egg shape was shorter elliptic. The major and minor diameter of the eggs were 2.04 mm and 1.83 mm, respectively. White mucous material was remained inside the eggs after hatching. Also, the body color of the larvae was completely changed from dark brown to light yellowish-green at the 3rd instar, but it did not occur until pupation. In the feeding test on several plants, the oak tree, Quercus acutissima, was newly identified as a host plant. The final larval instar was mostly 6th, but in some larvae it was 7th. A few of larvae ate their own casts just after ecdysis. The whole larval duration ranged from 45 to 59 days. The single cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell percentage were 1.65 g,31.3 cg and 18.9%, respectively, The cocoon shape and color were spindle and light brown, respectively. The morphology of the silk gland was greatly different from those of Bombyx mori, Antheraea yamamai and Antheraea peryi: the thickness of the middle and posterior silk glands was almost identical.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.8-25
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• 1994

본 시험은 누에 일대잡종육종에 있어 양질다사량 우량품종을 육성하기 위한 유전적 정보를 얻고자 수행되었다. 공급재료는 특성이 각각 다른 일, 중, 구 3개지역 6개 품종을 정역으로 이면교잡시켜 F1, F2 각각 30조합으로서 실용형질에 대한 육종가를 얻기 위해 교배조합별 잡종강세 및 조합능력의 검정한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 형질들의 잡종강세는 사질형질인 견사량, 견사장에서 각각 24.51% 및 23.43%로 높았고, 견질형질인 전사종 및 사층중은 15.56%~15.71%, 17.14%~19.01%로서 유의한 강세를 보였으나 유충경과일수 등(5령 및 전령)에서는 부의 잡종강세를 나타내어 그 이용이 유의하였다. 2. 교배조합간의 잡종강세는 5령경과일수의 경우 C70 X Romogua, N9 X Romogua 조합이 높은 부의 강세현상을 보여 사육일수가 단축되는 방향으로, 전견중은 N9 X Romogua, N9 X Romogua 조합이 높은 강세현상을 보여 사육일수가 단축되는 방향으로, 전견중은 N9 X Sansurian의 암, Romogua X Sansurian의 수, 견층중은 암수에 관계없이, N9 X Sansurian의 견사장과 견사량에서는 Sansurian X Romogua의 정역간 교잡에서 각각 높았다. 3. 잡종강세의 모본효과는 N9 X C5, N63 X C70이 전견중과 견층중에서, 견사장에서는 Sansurian이 N63, C5 및 C70과 교잡될 때, 또한 견사량에서는 N9 X C70, N63 X C70이 각각 큰 경향이었다. 4. F1의 조합능력에서 분사량은 GCA, SCA 및 RCA의 전형질에서 유의하여 F1의 조합능력은 상가적 효과와 비상가적 효과가 함께 작용하였으나 형질에 따른 정역간 차이도 컸었다. 5. GCA의 효과는 경과일수에서는 Sansurian이 N9, C5가 견질형질(견장, 견폭, 전견중, 전층중 및 견층비율)과 사질형질(견사장, 견자량 및 생사량비율)에서 세대에 관계없이 높은 정의 효과를 나타내었다. 6. F1의 SCA효과에서 5령경과일수는 Sansurian X C70, romogua X C70, Sansurian X C5, Romogua X C5 등 구주종계와 중국종계간의 교잡에서 전견중과 견층중은 N9 X C5, C70 X Sansurian 이 암수에 관계없이, 또한 Rogmogua X Sansurian, N9 X C5가 F1, F2 간에, 견사량은 Romogua X N63 조합에서, 생사량비율은 Sansurian X Romogua 조합에서 각각 높게 평가되었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.265-268
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• 2009

Wild silkmoths can be utilised sustainably in the production of silk as an income for resource-poor rural communities. However, attack by parasitoids and predators affect the quality of cocoons and quantity of raw silk produced. A laboratory experiment was undertaken to quantify the effect of parasitoids' (dipteran and hymenopteran) and predators' (ants) exit and ingress holes, respectively, on silk production. The mean number of shells required to produce fifty grams of raw silk was highest with cocoons parasitised by a dipteran and lowest with unattacked cocoons (but with moths already emerged). Degumming loss was highest in parasitised and lowest in unttacked cocoons, but both were not different from cocoons predated by ants. Shell weight was highest in unattacked cocoons, followed by hymenopteran-parasitised and predated cocoons, with the dipteran parasitized ones being the least. Single cocoon weight was greater in hymenopteran-parasitised and predated cocoons than the dipteran-parasitised and unattacked cocoons. Shell ratio or raw silk, floss and yarn weights were higher in unattacked than parasitised and predated cocoons. The total loss in raw silk attributable to attack by parasitoids and predators ranged between 17.4~31.2%. The results offer baseline information for assessment of economic losses in wild silk farming due to parasitoids and predators in the field.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제1권
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• pp.55-65
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• 1983

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 제사용수(製絲用水)에 대(對)한 몇가지 화학약제(化學藥劑)의 처리(處理)가 견층(繭層) sericin의 용해성(溶解性)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)하였던 바, 견층(繭層) sericin의 용해량(溶解量) 조절(調節)에 참고자료(參考資料)가 될 수 있는 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 공시(供試) 약제(藥劑) 중(中)에서 견층(繭層) sericin의 용해촉진력(溶解促進力)이 가장 큰 약제(藥劑)는 Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH)였으며, Potassium Hydroxide(KOH) > Sodium Silicate($Na_2SiO_3$) > Sodium Bicarbonate($NaHCO_3$)의 순(順)으로 용해추진력(溶解促進力)이 작았다. 공시(供試) 약제(藥劑) 중(中)에서 견층(繭層) sericin의 용해억제력(溶解抑制力)이 가장 큰 약제(藥劑)는 Form Aldehyde(HGHO)였으며, Ammonium Alum($Al_2(SO_4)_2{\cdot}(NH_4)_2SO_4{\cdot}24H_2O$) > Acetic Acid($CH_3COOH$) > Hydrochloric Acid(HCl)의 순(順)으로 용해억제력(溶解抑制力)이 작았다. 공시(供試) 약제(藥劑) 중(中)에서 견층(繭層) sericin의 용해억제력(溶解抑制力)이 클 것으로 기대(期待)했던 Hydrochloric Acid(HCl)은 $80^{\circ}C$이상(以上)의 고온(高溫)에서는 오히려 견층(繭層) sericin의 용해(鎔解)를 크게 촉진(促進)함을 알 수 있었다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제3권
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• pp.70-78
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• 1985

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 견층(繭層) seicin에 대(對)한 몇가지 화학약제(化學藥劑) 처리(處理)의 온도별(溫度別), 농도별(濃度別) seicin 용해성(溶解性)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 공시(供試) 해서촉진제중(解舒促進劑中) 견층(繭層) seicin의 용해촉진력(溶解促進力)이 가장 큰 약제(藥劑)는 sodium peroxide($Na_2O_2$)였으며, sodium carbonate($Na_2CO_3$), sodium sulfite($Na_2SO_3$) ammonia water($NH_4OH$)의 순(順)으로 용해촉진력(溶解促進力)이 작았다. 2. 공시(供試) 해서억제제중(解舒抑制劑中) 견층(繭層) sericin의 용해억제력(溶解抑制力)이 가장 큰 약제(藥劑)는 tannic acid($C_{14}H_{10}O_9$)였으며, stannic acid($S_n(OH)_4$), formic acid(HCOOH)< methyl alcohol($CH_3OH$)의 순(順)으로 용해억제력(溶解抑制力)이 작았다. 3. 공시(供試) 해서억제제중(解舒抑制劑中)에서 formic acid와 stannic acid는 $100^{\circ}C$의 고온(苦蘊)에서는 견층(繭層) sericin의 용해(溶解)를 크게 촉진(促進)하였다. 4. 공시(供試) 해서억제제중(解舒抑制劑中) methyl alcohol의 경우(境遇)는 저농도(低濃度)에서는 용해억제력(溶解抑制力)이 전혀 없었다.