• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1999년도 제30회 추계학술대회
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• pp.154-159
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• 1999

Silicon nitride ceramic has been verified as an excellent rolling bearing material because of its high strength and outstanding rolling fatigue life properties. However under some corrosive circumstances it showed drawbacks such as hardness reduction and severe wear caused by corrosion. In this work, the variations of the rolling wear and hardness of three kinds of ceramics were studied for the specimen aged 15 days in alkali water (90$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$, 25 wt% NaOH). All of the specimens, \circled1Si$_3$N$_4$, \circled23Y-TZP and \circled33Y-TZP alloyed with 5 wt% CeO$_2$, were sintered and post-Hipped, and then polished up to 0.02 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$Ra of surface roughness. Rolling wear tests were conducted by MJ type rolling fatigue life tester under the initial theoretical maximum contact stress or 3.76 Gra and the spindle speed of 1,000 rpm. Spindle oil was used as a lubricant. The specimens were not worn before aging. For the specimen aged in alkali water, Si$_3$N$_4$and 3Y-TZP were worn by rolling wear tests, and hardness was decreased. While aging the specimens, the phase was transformed from tetragonal to monoclinic in 3Y-TZP and the microstructure change occurred in Si$_3$N$_4$. 3Y-TZP alloyed with 5 wt% CeO$_2$specimens were not worn after aging and no phase transformation occurred while aging.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1210-1210
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• 2001

On farm analysis of protein, moisture and oil in cereals and oil seeds is quickly being adopted by Australian farmers. The benefits of being able to measure protein and oil in grains and oil seeds are several : $\square$ Optimize crop payments $\square$ Monitor effects of fertilization $\square$ Blend on farm to meet market requirements $\square$ Off farm marketing - sell crop with load by load analysis However farmers are not NIR spectroscopists and the process of calibrating instruments has to the duty of the supplier. With the potential number of On Farm analyser being in the thousands, then the task of calibrating each instrument would be impossible, let alone the problems encountered with updating calibrations from season to season. As such, NIR technology Australia has developed a mechanism for \ulcorner\ulcorner\ulcorner their range of Cropscan 2000G NIR analysers so that a single calibration can be transferred from the master instrument to every slave instrument. Whole grain analysis has been developed over the last 10 years using Near Infrared Transmission through a sample of grain with a pathlength varying from 5-30mm. A continuous spectrum from 800-1100nm is the optimal wavelength coverage fro these applications and a grating based spectrophotometer has proven to provide the best means of producing this spectrum. The most important aspect of standardizing NIB instruments is to duplicate the spectral information. The task is to align spectrum from the slave instruments to the master instrument in terms of wavelength positioning and then to adjust the spectral response at each wavelength in order that the slave instruments mimic the master instrument. The Cropscan 2000G and 2000B Whole Grain Analyser use flat field spectrographs to produce a spectrum from 720-1100nm and a silicon photodiode array detector to collect the spectrum at approximately 10nm intervals. The concave holographic gratings used in the flat field spectrographs are produced by a process of photo lithography. As such each grating is an exact replica of the original. To align wavelengths in these instruments, NIR wheat sample scanned on the master and the slave instruments provides three check points in the spectrum to make a more exact alignment. Once the wavelengths are matched then many samples of wheat, approximately 10, exhibiting absorbances from 2 to 4.5 Abu, are scanned on the master and then on each slave. Using a simple linear regression technique, a slope and bias adjustment is made for each pixel of the detector. This process corrects the spectral response at each wavelength so that the slave instruments produce the same spectra as the master instrument. It is important to use as broad a range of absorbances in the samples so that a good slope and bias estimate can be calculated. These Slope and Bias (S'||'&'||'B) factors are then downloaded into the slave instruments. Calibrations developed on the master instrument can then be downloaded onto the slave instruments and perform similarly to the master instrument. The data shown in this paper illustrates the process of calculating these S'||'&'||'B factors and the transfer of calibrations for wheat, barley and sorghum between several instruments.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2012

w/o 에멀젼은 내수성이 뛰어나고 보습 효과를 오랫동안 지속시킬 수 있으므로 화장품에 많이 사용하지만 안정도가 좋지 않기 때문에 안정한 w/o 에멀젼을 만들기 위해서는 전해질의 농도, 오일의 극성 정도, 수상의 비율, 유화제의 농도 등을 조절하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 안정도에 영향을 주는 여러 가지 요소 중에서 유화제의 구조에 따라 유화가능여부와 안정도가 어떻게 달라지는지에 초점을 맞추고, 유화제를 구조적으로 polyglyceryl ester 계열, silicone 계열, sugar 계열 유화제 등으로 나누어서 실험을 진행하였다. 또한 유상에 사용되는 오일의 실리콘 함량을 다르게 하여 유화제의 유화 능력을 검토하였다. 실험 결과를 참고하여 유화제에 따른 에멀젼의 입자, 점도의 경시 변화 등의 w/o 에멀젼의 특성을 찾아내고, 여러 조건에서 에멀젼의 안정도를 관찰하였다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2021

본 연구는 홈케어 헤어트리트먼트 특성 및 사용 빈도에 따라 퍼머넌트 웨이브 시술시 모발에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 시중에 유통되는 헤어트리트먼트를 양이온계면활성제, 실리콘 오일로 구분하였다. 사용빈도에 따라 제품별 5회, 10회, 20회 다르게 헤어트리트먼트를 처리한 후 헤어 퍼머넌트 웨이브를 시술하였다. 실험 방법으로 모발의 굵기, 인장강도, SEM을 이용한 모표피 관찰, EDS를 이용한 모발 구성 원소 분석을 하였다. 실험 결과 천연유래성분이 주성분이며 양이온계면활성 및 실리콘 오일이 미첨가된 제품군이 모발 보호 효과가 높게 측정되었다. 이에 천연유래성분을 이용한 제품군이 더욱 연구 개발되어야 하며 자극적 화학 성분이 첨가된 제품은 사용 방법 및 빈도에 대한 연구가 진행 되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Typically, the seat of an automotive vehicle generally includes a horizontal seat-cushion portion and a vertical seat-back portion that is operatively connected to the seat-cushion portion. The seat may include a recliner for the reclining of the seat-back portion relative to the seat-cushion portion by the seat occupant. An energy absorber or damper can also be provided for the seat-back portion. Because the recliner is configured to be released at a relatively high speed, and it results in an impact at the end of a folding stroke, the damper needs to dissipate energy as the seat back moves with respect to the seat cushion; therefore, the role of the seat damper in the automotive-seat design is important. In this paper, the mechanism of an hydraulic-type automotive-seat damper is investigated, and the torque characteristic is simulated according to the design-parameter variations such as the orifice area and the working-fluid properties.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.210-215
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• 2002

MR(Magnetorheogical) fluid composed of fine iron powders dispersed in silicon oil is utilized to many smart structures and devices because of its significant rheological property change by the application of an external magnetic field. When we deal with the shock wave attenuation of warship structures, we should be able to characterize the high frequency behavior of MR fluids. So far, however, many efforts have been focused on the material characterization of MR fluids at low frequencies below 100Hz. In this paper, the MR fluid property characterization at high frequency region is performed. An experimental setup based on wave transmission technique is made and the storage modulus as well as the loss modulus of MR fluids are found from the measured data of speed sound and attenuation. Details of the experiment are addressed and the obtained storage and loss moduli are addressed at $50kHz{\sim}100kHz$.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2007

EPDM을 결합재로 사용하고, HRP를 고정시켜 과산화수소 정량을 위한 탄소반죽전극을 제작하고, 바이오센서로서 실용화 가능성을 살펴보기 위하여 전기화학적 특성을 고찰하였다. 실험 농도 영역에서 신호의 Lineweaver-Burk 도시가 보여준 좋은 직선성은 촉매력이 효과적으로 발휘될 수 있도록 EPDM이 전극 물질 속에서 HRP를 잘 고정하고 있음을 보여 주었으며, 이는 EPDM이 전극물질 결합재로 활용될 수 있음을 말하는 것이다. 전극은 낮은 전극전위($0.0\sim-1.0$ V vs. Ag/AgCl)에서 작동하였으며, 이 때 얻어진 신호는 높은 감도와 재현성을 보여 주었다. 특히 건조된 고무의 기계적 안정성은 탄소반죽 전극 실용화의 난제였던 실리콘 오일 결합재의 대체가능성을 열어주었다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2019

Rotary dampers are damping devices which provide high resistance to shaft rotation. Rotary dampers are being used in various areas to enable the gentle opening and closing of the rotation motion relative to home furniture, industry machinery and automotive parts. Rotary dampers can be installed directly at the rotating point of a various part and can achieve uniform, gentle movement which increases quality and value of products. And generally, the silicone fluid is used as the damping medium because of its stable viscous properties. The movement of these little decelerators can be achieved with a high viscosity of working fluid and throttles installed in the body of the rotary damper. The damping force can be achieved clockwise, anti-clockwise or in both directions according to the structure of the orifices or throttles. In this paper, the torque performances of the rotary damper containing air in the working fluid were studied. For this purpose, the torque characteristic of the rotary damper according to the variation of various operating conditions such as clearance of leakage, dimensions of groove orifice, content ratio of air, etc., were simulated with AMEsim software.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.387-392
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• 2003

The change of crystalline structure and mechanical properties of PET filaments were investigated. Samples were treated by isothermally annealed after elevated heating. Measurements were carried out of density gradient tube for crystallinity and UTM for initial modulus and yield stress. Isothermally heat treatment were carried out $100^{\circ}C$, $120^{\circ}C$, $140^{\circ}C$ for 10min., 30min., 60min, in silicon oil bath. And isothermally heat treatment after elevated heating from $20^{\circ}C$ were carried out $100^{\circ}C$, $120^{\circ}C$, $140^{\circ}C$ for 10min., 30min., 60min., with heating rate of $5^{\circ}C/min$., $10^{\circ}C/min$. From the results of this study, it found the following facts. It was found that the crystallinity, initial modulus and yield stress of samples were increased with increasing of annealed temperature and time. Also crystallinity, initial modulus and yield stress of samples which were isothermally annealed after elevated heating from $20^{\circ}C$ were larger than those of isohtermally annealed samples.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.606-613
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• 2015

In this study, the torsional vibration analysis for a marine propulsion system is carried out by using the transfer matrix method(TMM). The torsional moment produced by gas pressure and reciprocating inertia force may yield severe torsional vibration problem in the shaft system which results in a damage of engine system. There are several ways to control the torsional vibration problem at hand, firstly natural frequencies can be changed by adjusting shaft dimensions and/or inertia quantities, secondly firing order and crank arrangement are modified to reduce excitation force, and finally lower the vibration energy by adopting torsional vibration damper. In this paper, the viscous torsional vibration damper is used for reducing the torsional vibration stresses of shaft system and it is conformed that optimum model of the viscous damper can be determined by selecting the geometric design parameters of damper and silicon oil viscosity.