• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.175-176
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• 2006

러시아의 북극해(Northern Sea) 연안은 석유와 천연 가스등 자원이 대규모로 매장된 곳이어서 근래에는 해상을 통한 수송 방법이 적극적으로 추진되고 있다. 최근 쇄빙기능을 가진 컨테이너, 유조선이 발주되었으며 향후 쇄빙 LNG 운반선도 발주될 예정이다. 국내에서는 2005년 말 최초로 러시아 Sovcomflot 에서 발주한 쇄빙유조선 70K Arctic Shuttle Tanker 를 수주하였으며 Ambient air temperature $-40^{\circ}C$(Extreme low temperature $-40^{\circ}C$) 에 적용한 Winterization 에 대해 설명하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.43 no.5 s.149
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• pp.560-567
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• 2006

FPSO and shuttle tanker are connected to each other by a mooring hawser and a loading hose through which cargo oil is off-loaded. Even in mild sea-state. environmental loads can cause unstable large drift motions between two vessels in tandem off-loading operations, which may result in collision incidents. Accordingly. the analysis on the relative motion between two vessels due to the environmental loads should be investigated in initial design stage. In this study, the low speed maneuvering equation is employed to simulate nonlinear motions of FPSO and shuttle tanker. Low frequency wave drift forces including hydrodynamic interactions between two vessels are evaluated by near field approaches. Current loads are determined by mathematical model of MMG and wind loads are calculated by employing the wind spectrum according to the guidelines of API-RP2A. Mooring forces produced by turret mooring lines and a flexible hawser are modeled quasi-statically by catenary equations. The effect of environmental loads that affect nonlinear motion is investigated through variation in their magnitudes and the nonlinear motions between FPSO and shuttle tanker are simulated under wave, current and wind in time domain.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.275-294
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• 2013

Side-by-side offloading operations are widely utilized in engineering practice. The hydrodynamic interactions between two vessels play a crucial role in safe operation. This study focuses on the coupled effects between two floating bodies positioned side-by-side as a shuttle tanker-FPSO (floating production, storage and offloading) system. Several wave directions with different side-by-side distances are studied in order to obtain the variation tendency of the horizontal hydrodynamic coefficients, motion responses and mean drift forces. It is obtained that the coupled hydrodynamics between two vessels is evidently distinguished from the single body case with shielding and exaggerating effects, especially for sway and yaw directions. The resonance frequency and the peak amplitude are closely related with side-by-side separation distance. In addition, the horizontal hydrodynamics of the shuttle tanker is more susceptible to coupled effects in beam waves. It is suggested to expand the gap distance reasonably in order to reduce the coupled drift forces effectively. Attention should also be paid to the second peaks caused by hydrodynamic coupling. Since the horizontal mean drift forces are the most mainly concerned forces to be counteracted in dynamic positioning (DP) system and mooring system, prudent prediction is beneficial in saving consumed power of DP system and reducing tension of mooring lines.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.11-26
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• 2005

In this study, the program to investigate the multiple body interaction effects between a floating platform and a shuttle tanker considering the coupled effect of hull (FPSO) with mooring lines and risers was developed. The coupled analysis program, which is called WINPOST-MULT using the hydrodynamic analysis results by WAMIT, was made. For the verification of WINPOST-MULT by means of numerical experiments, two multiple-body models of an FPSO-FPSO and an FPSO-shuttle tanker system are adopted. With the FPSO-FPSO model and a two-mass-spring system to idealize two identical bodies for the 100-year storm wave condition in GOM, the numerical simulations were performed to investigate the interaction effects between two identical bodies. For the more reality, the coupled analysis for the FPSO-shuttle tanker model in the tandem arrangement was carried out in the consideration of the environmental condition of the West Africa Sea as a rather mild condition. Through the case studies with interaction effect and without interaction effect by the iteration method and the combined method, it is verified that the program is a very useful tool for the analysis of the interaction problem of multiple-body system and the coupled problem of the hull/mooring/riser.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.163-165
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• 2006

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.58-63
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• 1994

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.19 no.5 s.66
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

The motion behaviors including hydrodynamic interaction and mechanical coupling effects on multiple-body floating platforms are simulated by using a time domain hull/mooring/riser coupled dynamics analysis program. The objective of this study is to evaluate off-diagonal hydrodynamic interaction effects and mechanical coupling effects on tandem moored FPSO and shuttle taker motions. In the multiple-body floating platforms interaction, hydrodynamic coupling effects with waves and mechanical coupling effects through the connectors should be considered. Thus, in this study, the multiple-body platform motions are calculated by Combined Matrix Method (CMM) as well as Separated Matrix Method (SMM). The advantage of the combined matrix method is that it can include all the 6Nx6N full hydrodynamic and mechanical interaction effects among N bodies. Whereas, due to the larger matrix size, the calculation time of Combined Matrix Method (CMM) is longer than the Separated Matrix Method (SMM). On the other hand, Separated Matrix Method (SMM) cannot include the off-diagonal 6x6 hydrodynamic interaction coefficients although it can fully include mechanical interactions among N bodies. To evaluate hydrodynamic interaction and mechanical coupling effects, tandem moored FPSO and shuttle tanker is simulated by Combined Matrix Method (CMM) and Separated Matrix Method (SMM). The calculation results give a good agreement between Combined Matrix Method (CMM) and Separated Matrix Method (SMM). The results show that the Separated Matrix Method (SMM) is more efficient for tandem moored FPSO and shuttle tanker. In the numerical calculation, the hydrodynamic coefficients are calculated from a 3D diffraction/radiation panel program WAMIT, and wind and current forces are generated by using the respective coefficients given in the OCIMF data sheet.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.24-31
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• 2002

In the present study, the amount of slow drift motion damping of shuttle tanker in still water and various environments is measured through free decay model test. Although the estimation of slow drift damping is essential in analysing slow drift motion of moored FPSO or DP controlled shuttle tanker, it is difficult to predict damping accurately by theoretical analysis. The estimation of drift damping depends on model test mostly. Through the model test, the amount of slow drift damping is measured and the effects of environments and thruster action on drift damping are investigated. The measured damping characteristics are expected to be used in the analysis on slow drift motion of moored vessel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.251-255
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• 2012

Structural intensity has been mainly utilized to identify vibration energy flow in a vessel. In this paper, the structural intensity of a shuttle tanker subjected to H-moment of the main engine was calculated using a finite element model. From the analysis, it was found that the top-bracing elements, which support the main engine onto the hull structure to prevent the excessive transverse vibration of the main engine, play the role of the dominant path and sink for vibration energy flow from the main engine. Therefore, the structural intensity was controlled by the modification of stiffness and damping characteristics of the top-bracing elements. As a result, it is observed that the transverse vibration level at the center of navigation bridge deck decreased after the control of structural intensity.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2007.09a
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• pp.68-73
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• 2007

CPP is widely utilized in RoPax ship, shuttle tanker etc. due to excellent manoeuvrability in low speed, and its usage is recently increased. The CPP was almost designed by CPP maker, and its performance seemed to be not fully optimized. In this study the whole CPP design procedure was reviewed and design technology of CPP was settled down including calculation of spindle torque and MOI, which was fully confirmed by KHI CPP maker. In order to confirm the CPP design technique, a CPP for shuttle tanker was designed and its performance was verified through series of model tests. The propeller efficiency and face cavitation performance of the CPP was well improved. This CPP design technology will be contributed to the optimization of performance and cooperation with CPP maker.