• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.39
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• pp.257-269
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• 1998

Comparison the literature of Korean Shroud with Current Shroud are as follows. 1. The Mo(冒) and m were not included in current shroud. Onang(五囊), Ch'im(枕), Kum(衾) and Kyo(絞) were included in current shroud. 2. Terms of the current shroud were various than the literature of korean shroud. 3. The cloths of the literature of korean shroud were Chu, Chung, P'o(布), Ch'o and Kyon, etc. But the cloths in the current shroud were Myongchu, Sambe and Kongdan. The color of the literature of korean shroud were various, but in the current shroud was light color center upon the white color. 4. The shape of the current shroud was various.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2004

This research was peformed to manufacture a shroud using hanji and to investigate the characteristics of the hanji shroud manufactured. A hanji shroud were manufactured by considering the designs of the traditional costumes of shroud. The vast fibers were used for the manufacture of hanji. The shroud manufactured could keep the natural feeling of hanji. The shroud showed the feasibility in sewing compared to textiles. However, fine needlework was required due to the poor appearance of small holes made by changing of sewing line. Since the hanji shroud has excellent ability in preservation for a long-term period and economical advantages compared to the shroud currently made by hemp and cotton cloth, the demand of the hanji shroud may be increased in the near future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 1987

In order to examine the flow motion in a combustion chamber of a motored diesel engine, the variation of instantaneous are velocity at a fixed point in combustion chamber was measured by the constant temperature hot wire anemometer, varing engine speed, shroud shape and shroud position. The results are summerized as follows: 1. The variation of air velocity in a combustion chamber is closely related with the valve timing and piston velocity. 2. The air velocity in the cylinder at suction stroke is being increased and maximized at 60$^{\circ}$ ABDC in compression stroke and then decreased at the e.v.o. in expansion stroke. 3. The mean velocity using shroud valve was less than no shroud valve. However the turbulent intensity using shroud valve was larger than no shroud valve. 4. The turbulent intensity with 90$^{\circ}$shroud valve was larger than that of 120$^{\circ}$shroud valve, and 90$^{\circ}$shroud valve at 180$^{\circ}$shroud position had the largest turbulent intensity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.40-40
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• 1987

In order to examine the flow motion in a combustion chamber of a motored diesel engine, the variation of instantaneous are velocity at a fixed point in combustion chamber was measured by the constant temperature hot wire anemometer, varing engine speed, shroud shape and shroud position. The results are summerized as follows: 1. The variation of air velocity in a combustion chamber is closely related with the valve timing and piston velocity. 2. The air velocity in the cylinder at suction stroke is being increased and maximized at 60° ABDC in compression stroke and then decreased at the e.v.o. in expansion stroke. 3. The mean velocity using shroud valve was less than no shroud valve. However the turbulent intensity using shroud valve was larger than no shroud valve. 4. The turbulent intensity with 90°shroud valve was larger than that of 120°shroud valve, and 90°shroud valve at 180°shroud position had the largest turbulent intensity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.34
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• pp.79-89
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• 1997

Comparison of Korean shroud with Chinese shroud are as follows. 1. Taetae Simeui P'oo Hansam Ko, Mal, Nukpaek, Kwatu, Ch'ungi Po-kkon Myokmok Ri Aksu Mo and Om were used the most inchina. However Mangkon Tapho Tanko Sotae Ri and Kop'o were used more widely in Korea. 2. The cloths of Chinese shroud were p'o, Paek and Kyun but those of the orean were paek Chu Chung and P'o The colors of the chinese and Koean shroud was Hyun Hun and white. 3. The size of the Cinese shroud is as follows. The size of the Ch ungi ws si-milar tothe size of jujube kernel the len-gth of Myokmok was one Ch'ok two Ch'on or one Ch'ok five Ch'on the length of Aksu was one Ch'ok two Ch'on and its width was five Ch'on. The chil of Mo reached the hands and the length of Sw-ae was three Ch'ok and the length of Om ws five Ch'on. the size of the Korean shroud was the same as Chinese shroud except that the size fo Myokmok and the lenth of Chil and Swae was seven Ch'ok respectively,. 4. In Korean and Chinese shroud Aksu was tied by the strings at two corners Myokmok was teid by the strings of four corners. The tip of the Om was divided and Mo wrapped the shole body. 5. The clothes of Soryom was nineteen Ch'ing in Korean and chinese shroud. The clothes of Taeryom in Kun were one hundred Ch'ing in the chinese and ninety Ch'ing in the Korean shroud. The imple-ment of Soryom were Kum Kyo Sangeui Saneui Ch'im Yok and Kyon in the Chinese shroud and were Kum Kyo Sangeui Saneui Ch'im Yok Kyonand Sinmyon in the Korean shroud. In the case of the implement of Taeryom the Chinese shroud had Kum Kyo Sangeui Saneui Ch'im and Yok the same as Korean shroud.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.84-91
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• 2002

Thrust vector characteristics of jet vanes installed in a shroud are very unique and much more complicated than those of the jet vane acting without any shroud by the fact of additional physical phenomena. The fluid dynamic interferences induced by jet vanes and shroud as well as jet vane's aerodynamic performance are investigated to characterize thrust vector control by semi-empirical model, three dimensional numerical analysis including real complex geometry, and ground firing test of real motors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 1977

This is a study of the history and the changes of methods of making shroud from Koryo up to present. Korea is Known as a country of East with its courtious people, and naturally the people observed the proprieties, especially on the funeral, in performing religious services and worshiping of the ancestors. Since Koryo and Yi Dynasty, because of the complexcity of the formalities under the confucianism, the shroud also became very complex. The process of making shroud was various according to the classes and economical circumstances. They made shroud of fine textured hemp cloth or silk, selecting one of 'good days' in leap year. As they believed the shroud should be rotten as soon as possible, fine textured hemp cloth was common as for the material. The color of the shroud was either plain or colored as the casual wears. In sewing shroud, the thread shouldn't be knotted nor connected in each seam and the strips should not be even numbered. These methods of making shroud have been changed variously and symplified according to the economical circumstances up to now.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 2007

The shroud of the Chosun dynasty period originally meant the new start in the next world. Its basic principle was to wear the best clothes or wedding garments during one's life. The white hemp cloth-shroud worn during this time was formed after the 20th century. In the beginning it started simply by imitating the shroud of the common people. However recently many aspects of the trade have deteriorated by the commercialism of the shroud traders. So this study focuses on the way of keeping traditions and making the shroud desirable. First, the shroud was made of the best materials such as silk, hemp cloth, ramie cloth and cotton cloth in the past. A thought that the shroud material must be white hemp cloth is the result from misunderstanding of the traditional shroud of the Chosun dynasty period. We can produce beautiful shrouds using natural materials without losing dignity and at diverse prices. Second, the shroud was produced not only to keep the dignity of a dead person but also to avoid wasting the original cloth. Third, The shroud has pursued diversity in classifying the traditional style or the basic style. It is possible to select the shroud flexibly according to one's sense of values or the way the tomb was made. These days, the Korean full-dress attire and Wonsam (Korean woman's ceremonial clothes) are the standardized form of the ready-made shroud. The man's Korean full-dress attire on sale is sewn in the wrong way and its shape looks more like the Wonsam. I offer diverse shrouds of the Chosun dynasty period, for example, the official uniform, hemp cloth upper garment, men's black upper garment, Korean full-dress attire, Korean overcoat, Wonsam, the long hood worn by a Korean woman and a woman's long upper garment, so that we can see the Korean originality and beauty through the different types of shrouds. Also, I adjusted a number of items, undergarments and other articles according to the price. As mentioned before this study helps to portray a desirable understanding of the culture of the shroud. So I corrected many problems of the present shroud and propose a new type of shroud based on tradition. Furthermore, I recommend a way of making use of the Hanbok which the man wears during his life, at the wedding ceremony or a his 60th birthday without buying a new shroud.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2001

This Study shows local characters, meaning, value and others (kind, function, material, shape, name) on Shroud through documents and fact-finding survey. In Shroud′s kind and function, Shroud of Kwangju Area is similar with one of Youngsan-river Area, while Sumjin-river Area and Coastal Area, each has its own character due to difference of Burial Culture. In Shroud′s Material, hemp cloth, white cotton cloth and calico, have been well-used in Kwangju and Youngsan-river Area, while silk has used in Sumjin-river and Coastal Area. Shroud′s color has followed Natural color. In Shroud′s shape, Male Jeoksam, Female Trousers, Um, Myokmok, Aksoo, Bib have their local characters. They are reformed in Kwangju Area and Youngsan-river Area. Jeoksam in Coastal Area, Female Trousers in Sumjin-river Area. Um in Coastal Area and Myokmok in Sumjin-river Area, have its unique character. In Shroud′s name, Shroud has widely been called "Dead Clothes", and called "Blind Clothes", "Munnyung Clothes" some areas. In Sumjin-river Area, Summer Jacket has been failed "Deungjigae", Dango called "Ddangjungwee". In Coastal Area, Myokmok and Aksoo have been called "Face Cover" and "Hands Cover", Shroud′s local characters have been caused by Next World, which has reflected local natural environment and cultural features. Next World is so abstract that it can not be expressed well, while Reality is clearly divided into dual spaces : Real World, Next World. Comprehension on Next World, helps harmonize recent values with Shroud meaning and prevents Shroud from standardization and transformation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.30
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• pp.101-116
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual conditions of current shroud. People began preparing their shroud after their 60th birthday anniversary. To keep the prepared shroud unharmed mothballs leaf tobacco and kungkungi were placed inside. The size was larger than everyday clothes. The size of the men's shroud was 390 Ch'ok and that of the women's shroud was 330 Ch'ok in formal funeral ceremonies. But size would be determined by the person's standard of living or economic situation. According to the proposed size of shroud illustrated in table 10 and the size was 5 to 30cm larger than every-day clothes. The shape of the shroud was various that Ryomp'o represented by the cross and so on.