• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of mental practice on function and muscle activation of upper extremity (UE) in stroke patients. METHODS: The mental practice was conducted on 12 subjects for 10 minutes and the related existing work treatment for 20 minutes. The evaluation for the function of UE proceeded with Fugl-Meyer assessment of motor function (FMA) and muscle activity analysis instrument. Furthermore we analyzed patients' reaching activity by two stages, reaching phase and returning to original position phase. RESULTS: According to the research results, the subjects' upper limb function improved in all of the measured items and the total scores after the mental practice (p<.05). In muscle activity, CCR value was used to efficiently analyze the patients' reaching activity in the two stages of reaching stage and returning to the original position phase. While the elbow movement only had a bit of positive change (1.1%) in the reaching stage, both the shoulder (-12.3%) and elbow (-18.2%) movements had a positive change in the returning to original position phase. CONCLUSION: This research confirmed that the mental practice is effective for the enhancement of UE function for stroke patients. The result of this research can contribute to the progress of mental practice in clinical environment.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.187-191
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of a muscle activity by applying the complex exercise method of sling in accordance with the provision of various vibration intensities for paraplegia-spinal cord injury. Method: The subjects of the study were 15 men in their 40s and 50s with lower limb disabilities and low potential risk, who were randomly divided into a sling exercise group (SG n=4), a sling with low frequency vibration group (SLVG n=4), a sling with mid-frequency vibration group (SMVG n=4), and a sling with high frequency group (SHVG n=4) in accordance with the provision of slings and vibration stimuli. The vibratory intensity provided was divided into low frequency (30 Hz), mid-frequency (50 Hz), and high frequency (70 Hz). The anterior deltoid (AD), the posterior deltoid (PD), the pectoralis major (PM), the upper trapezius (UT), the latissimus dorsi (LD), and the multifidus (MF) were measured to compare and analyze muscle activity. Results: The closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercise to the shoulder joint showed higher muscle activity in most muscles for the SMVG, and statistically significant differences in the anterior deltoid (AD), the pectoralis major (PM), and the multifidus (MF) in particular. Conclusion: The intermediate frequency (50 Hz) string vibration was the effective vibration stimuli for Closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2009

Purpose：The purpose of this study is an interval palmar width according to change of muscle activation under push-up movement. Methods：Three, this study participation normal young adult (male 3, mean age ; 24yaers). The subject performed maximum contraction under push-up movement. EMG activaty patterns is measured with three different width. The EMG activity of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi were measured using surface electromyography. Results：EMG activation of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi following of push-up was shown significant difference(p<.05). Also, experiment value was agree with calculation value and width of shoulder position was minimum of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi muscle activity. Conslusion：RMS values in case of fretum and wide width of the hands on Latissimus Dorsi are shown muscle activity $132{\mu}V$ and $173.5{\mu}V$, respectively. Especialy, RMS value in terms of wide width of the hands on muscles is shown very enhanced muscle activity. It is suggest that interval palmar width of the hands on pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi in push-up movement was effective to intensify of the muscle activity.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.270-274
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the abdominal muscles and to compare the activity ratios of the bilateral rectus abdominis (RA) to oblique abdominal muscles during shoulder abduction in opposite directions with single leg raising (SLR) performed in the supine position on a foam roller. Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited to the study. Each subject lay on the foam roller and performed left single leg raising with right or left shoulder $90^{\circ}$ abduction (Abd); performed in a random order. Surface EMG recordings of selected abdominal muscles (i.e., the RA, external oblique abdominis [EO], internal oblique abdominis [IO], and transverse abdominis [TrA]) were normalized to maximum voluntary isometric contraction. EO/RA and IO and TrA/RA ratios were determined with surface EMG. Data were analyzed by Independent t-test. The statistical significance level was p<0.05. Results: The results were as follows: (1) the right RA, left EO, and right IO and TrA muscle activities increased significantly at the left SLR with left Abd compared to the left SLR with right Abd (p<0.05); and (2) the ratio of right EO/RA activity increased significantly at the left SLR with right Abd compared to left Abd (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that left SLR with left Abd on a foam roller is an appropriate exercise for activation of specific oblique abdominal muscles.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.437-442
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• 2012

이 연구는 20명의 치위생과 학생들을 대상으로 스켈링 실습 시 발현되는 근육들의 활성도와 통증부위를 파악하여 치과위생사의 작업자세에 따른 기초자료를 제시하고자 연구를 실시하였다. 스켈링 시 근활성도의 측정은 free EMG를 이용하였고, 근골격계 통증부위를 알아보기 위해 Nordicstyle 설문지를 이용하여 측정된 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 자세에 따른 스켈링 시 통증의 발현은 팔꿈치, 등, 다리, 무릎, 발목/발은 그룹간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나 목, 어깨, 손목/손, 허리에서는 자세에 따라 통증의 정도 차이가 높게 나타났다. 2. 자세에 따른 근활성도를 측정한 결과 올바른 자세를 가진 그룹에서는 시간의 경과에 따라 상승모근과 상완요골근에서 변화를 보였고, 나쁜 자세를 가진 그룹에서는 후두부근, 상승모근, 상완요골근에서 근활성도가 높게 나타났다. 3. 근활성도에서 두 군간의 변화양상은 좋은 자세로 스켈링을 실시한 그룹에서는 낮은 근활성도를 보였으나, 나쁜자세로 스켈링을 실시한 그룹에서는 근활성도가 과하게 증가되었다. 따라서 올바른 자세를 유지하며 스켈링을 실시하는 것이 근육의 활성을 효과적으로 사용하는데 도움이 되었음을 알수 있었고, 앞으로 임상에서 근무하는 치과위생사를 대상으로 연구를 실시하여 직무 효율성을 높이는 것이 필요하리라 생각된다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to compare muscle activity after applying two muscle energy techniques (MET) to subjects with forward head posture to see if the post isometric relaxation (PIR) technique is more effective than the reciprocal inhibition (RI) technique. Methods : The muscle activity was measured using EMG after applying the PIR and RI techniques to 30 adults at K College. Subjects were selected for forward head posture whose ear center was 2.5 ㎝ front of the center of the shoulder. EMG equipment was used to measure muscle activity, and the measurement sites were measured in cervical flexor and extensor muscles. The experiment period was performed once a week for a total of two weeks, and after the pre-measurement was performed for 5 minutes PIR and RI exercise. In the PIR technique, the head is tilted back in a sitting position, and the experimenter applies resistance with the same force for 7~10 seconds and repeats 3-5 times after rest. In the RI technique, in a sitting position, the subject gives the force to bend the head forward, and the experimenter applies resistance with the same force for 7 to 10 seconds, and repeats 3 to 5 times after rest. Results : The result is same as the following. In the comparison of muscle activity, there was a significant decrease in both PIR and RI at 1 and 2 weeks. And there was a greater decrease in muscle activity in PIR. There was no difference in the comparison of decrease in muscle activity at 1 week and 2 week. Conclusion : Both PRI and RI can be said to be effective in improving the function of the forward head posture in the neck muscles. Therefore, the selection of the two techniques in clinical practice should be appropriately performed under the judgment of experts according to the patient's situation.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify major factors on pirouette in ballet, and especially angle, Center of Mass(CM) & muscle activity aspects. The data were collected by using Motion Analysis System with 12 cameras to analyze kinematic variables with 120 Hz and Electromyography(EMG; 4,000 Hz) & Force Platform(1,000 Hz) to analyze kinetic variables. The subjects of this study were 8 female ballet dancers. The results as follow. First of all, full extension of knee joint and full plantar flexion of ankle joint appeared at the similar point. Secondly, in the rotational phase, total movement of segments in Good motion is smaller than that of Bad motion(in Good motion, head movement 2.70 cm, right shoulder movement 0.72 cm, left shoulder 4.26 cm, left wrist 17.4 mm smaller than Bad motion). Third, CoP distance of Good motion is 11.76 mm, and CoP distance of Bad motion is 11.76 mm, so Good motion is 5.98 mm smaller). Lastly, Pirouette need more retus femur activity than gastrocnemius activity in extention phase and rotation phase of support leg.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2016

Background: Evidence for effective management of scapular downward rotation syndrome is limited. The present study was performed to compare the scapular muscle activation through 4weeks wall slide exercise and sling slide exercise in subjects with scapular downward rotation syndrome. Methods: Twenty-two subjects with scapular downward rotation syndrome participated in the study. Surface electromyography data were collected from the upper and lower trapezius, serratus anterior and pectoralis major during shoulder flexion of $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $120^{\circ}$ in the sagittal plane. The alignment of the scapula was measured using radiographic analysis. Subjects were assessed pre and post a 4 weeks exercise (wall slide, sling slide). The significance of the difference in pre- and post-exercise within each groups was assessed using a paired t-test. The significant difference between wall- and sling-exercise was used a independent t-test. Results: In the wall slide group, the muscle activity of upper trapezius decreased significantly during shoulder flexion at $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $120^{\circ}$ after 4 weeks, and the muscle activity of serratus anterior increased significantly at all angles. Also, the muscle activity of pectoralis major decreased significantly at $90^{\circ}$ and $120^{\circ}$. Conclusions: Based on such results, it can be said that wall slide exercise is effective than sling slide exercise for the subjects with scapular downward rotation syndrome.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2017

Background: Patients after rotator cuff (RC) surgery experienced pain, weakness and limited of motion of the shoulder. Physical therapists have used heat therapy, electrotherapy, range of motion (ROM) exercise and other methods to treat patients after RC surgery. In addition, functional taping is also used to support joint movement and to increase shoulder joint stability. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine the initial effects of functional taping using non-elastic tape on pain, strength and ROM of the shoulder following RC surgery. Methods: Forty-eight patients with who underwent RC surgery volunteered for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG, $n_1=25$) and a control group (CG, $n_2=23$). First, non-allergic tape was applied to the shoulder to prevent skin irritation. The EG applied functional taping using non-elastic tape and the CG applied sham taping using elastic tape. Assessment tools included the shoulder pain and disability index for functional activity score, visual analog scale for level of pain, shoulder muscle strength, hand grip strength and ROM testing. Results: Pain score in the both group significantly decreased (p<.05), and change in pain score of in the EG increased significantly than in the CG (p<.05). Shoulder strength and ROM in the both group significantly increased (p<.05). Especially external rotation and extension of the shoulder ROM in the EG increased significantly more than in the CG (p<.05), but the rate of change in the two groups showed no significant difference. Conclusion: These results suggest that functional taping using non-elastic tape was initially effective in decreasing pain score level in patients with RC surgery.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2018

PURPOSE: Scapular stability is very important to arm function during activities of daily living. The push-up plus exercise is commonly used to stabilize the shoulder muscles. In the present study, we designed an elastic shoulder band (ESB) that could be used with the push-up plus exercise and studied muscle activities of the serratus anterior (SA) and the lower and the upper trapezius (LT and UT) on stable and unstable support. METHODS: Fifteen healthy people participated in this study. Three muscles were investigated using surface EMG with and without the ESB on stable and unstable support. All subjects performed each trial three times for 7 seconds per set and rested for 30 seconds. Repeated one-way ANOVA was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: The EMG activity of the SA was significantly different during the push-up plus exercise on stable support with the ESB compared with that on unstable support without the ESB (p<.05). However, there were no differences in the activities of UT and LT on stable and unstable support (p>.05). CONCLUSION: The ESB was effective for the activity of SA during the push-up plus exercise on stable support; therefore, it has the potential for use by people during push-up plus exercises. However, further studies are required to investigate the rehabilitation tools for patients with shoulder instability.