• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.19-31
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• 2021

This study is aming at analysing the current trend of container shipping industry before and after COVID-19 Pandemic circumstances. Also, this study offers the political implications for 'the Korean Shipping Nation Rebuilding'. As a result of this study, the several global shipping lines have decreased their ship capacity in response to International Maritime Organization(IMO)'s environmental regulation. This finding is differ from the media reports, that is many shipping companies increased idling vessel to match the lower demand induced COVID-19 pandemic. This study also provides the two implications of the direction about Korean shipping policy. The first one is that the casual relationship of over-vessels' supply and Korea shipping policy is needed to be thoroughly analyzed. The importance of Koreans shipping industry is generally devaluated by most citizens so as to the Korean government should develop the mass media contents to enlighten the less wellknown people regarding shipping industry.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 2014

The route of Korea and China situates stable shipping market by the agreement on maritime transport between two countries. Epecially, the Car-ferry shipping market between Korea and China is growing up the world's largest markets in this situation. But, the rapid growth of markets have the possibility of imbalance between supply and demand. In addition that heavy competition can be arisen. The aim of this study is to analyze the ways to reinforce competitiveness of Car-ferry shipping companies(CFSCs) between Korea and China routes through suggesting importance weights of service factors. Firstly, evaluating service factors of CFSCs between Korea and China routes are selected by reviewing literatures and Delphi method. Secondly, importance weights of service factors are calculated using Fuzzy method. As a result, Shipper and CFSCs between Korea and China routes select 'agility of loading and unloading', 'agility of customs', and 'punctuality of transportation' as the most important factors. On the other hand, the two groups are shown the perception gaps on the factors such as 'reasonable shipping cost', 'voyage speed', 'multimodal transportation', and 'professionality of manpower'. The implication of this study is that Government of Korea and China Have to cooperate agreement for mutual drive towed trailer and customs to speedy transportation.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 2023

Tonnage taxation has contributed to developing the Korean maritime industry through tax relief for shipping companies. The current tonnage taxation relies on the net tonnage as an earning-capacity indicator in a merchant ship. Although the tonnage tax accords with horizontal equity, it does not match vertical equity because of the different taxable capacities of an individual company. Nowadays, maritime transport uses a dedicated vessel, and each shipping freight embeds a different value of time. It means the tonnage taxation regime should consider the added value of each shipping freight. Meanwhile, as the environmental regulations led by the International Maritime Organization are being strengthened, the Korean merchant fleet must be eco-friendly soon after. This study explores the alternative to renewing tonnage taxation by utilizing the Greenship certification and considering the ability-to-pay principle. Because the Greenship certification scheme encourages shipping decarbonization, maritime transport by a certified ocean-going vessel comes to be treated as an activity for the green economy. Special taxation for the green economy may contribute to shipping sustainability and market competitiveness.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.91-105
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to measure profit efficiency in the domestic shipping industry and to examine the factors determining that efficiency. Empirical results indicate that the shipping industry's short-term profits heavily depend on physical input factors, specifically capital stock. Notably, a 1% increase in capital stock leads to a 0.84% increase in short-term profits. In terms of secondary determinants, effective management of financial indicators representing stability, profitability, and growth can reduce profit inefficiency. Additionally, larger scale correlates with higher profit efficiency, indicating the need for expansion of water transportation companies. Given the rapid increase in profit efficiency in the ocean-going shipping industry since 2020, tailored support and investment are necessary.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.49-68
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• 2022

The operation system of a shipping company is still maintaining the mainframe based terminal access environment or the client/server based environment. Nowadays shipping companies that try to migrate it into a web-based environment are increasing. However, in the transition, if the design is processed by the old configuration and knowledge without considering the characteristics of the web-based environment and shipping business, various security vulnerabilities will be revealed at the actual system operation stage, and system maintenance costs to fix them will increase significantly. Therefore, in the transition to a web-based environment, a security design must be carried out from the design stage to ensure system safety and to reduce security-related maintenance costs in the future. This paper examines the characteristics of various threat modeling techniques, selects suitable modeling technique for the operation system of a shipping company, applies data flow diagram and STRIDE threat modeling technique to shipping business, derives possible security threats from each component of the data flow diagram in the attacker's point of view, validates the derived threats by mapping them with attack library items, represents the attack tree having various attack scenarios that attackers can attempt to achieve their final goals, organizes into the checklist that has security check items, associated threats and security requirements, and finally presents 23 security requirements that can respond to threats. Unlike the existing general security requirements, the security requirements presented in this paper reflect the characteristics of shipping business because they are derived by analyzing the actual business of a shipping company and applying threat modeling technique. Therefore, I think that the presented security requirements will be of great help in the security design of shipping companies that are trying to proceed with the transition to a web-based environment in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.343-360
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• 2000

The information technology(IT) development of telecommunication, along with the informationalization over the world, enables the firms to process their inner and outer operations through Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) system. And the concept of logistics has become more important to the enterprises in strategic sense because it had aggrandized itself to more comprehensive and integrative concept. Also the world shipping market is more competitive than any other market. In these environment, to maintain competitve power, shipping firms process operations by Logistics Information system(LIS), And then, reduce the working processes, working time and its costs. So the LIS has become more important in developing our national logistics system and industry. Therefore, this study purposes on empirically analyzing the activation factors of shipping LIS and the relationship these factors with logistic performances in the shipping industry. Considering environments of Shipping logistics information system, this study sets up the research model and hypothesis to examine the activation factors of shipping LIS and the relationship these factors with logistic performances. We used the field data on the 163 numbers of firms(29 overseas shipping companies and 133 forwarding Agency) to get the empirical evidence. According to the study results, The shipping LIS activation factors which the sample firms recognized as important: were top manager's support, well structured communication channel, strategic plan's connection and inner informationalization level. And IS organization ＆ human resources, IS discipline ＆ training, software development, IS organizational alignment, database management system, information standardization, competitive advantage, financial support and government support represent partially significant. Also, the current shipping LIS's main problems are expensive system cost, standardization of working process's, institution's imperfection and system's interaction defect. So these problems must be improved to activate shipping LIS.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.159-172
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• 2001

The information technology(IT) development of telecommunication, along with the information analyzation over the world, enables the firms to process their inner and outer operations through Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) system. And the concept of logistics has become more important to the enterprises in strategic sense because it had aggrandized itself to more comprehensive and integrative concept. Also the world shipping market is more competitive than any other market. In these environment, to maintain competitive power, shipping firms process operations by Logistics Information system(LIS), And then, reduce the working processes, working time and its costs. So the LIS has become more important in developing our national logistics system and industry. Therefore, this study purposes on empirically analyzing the activation factors of shipping LIS and the relationship these, factors with logistic performances in the shipping industry. Considering environments of Shipping logistics information system, this study sets up the research model and hypothesis to examine the activation factors of shipping LIS and the relationship these factors with logistic performances. We used the field data on the 163 numbers of firms(29 overseas shipping companies and 133 forwarding Agency) to get the empirical evidence. According to the study results, The shipping LIS activation factors which the sample firms recognized as important: were top managers support, well structured communication channel, strategic plans connection and inner information analyzation level. And IS organization & human resources, IS discipline & training, software development, IS organizational alignment, database management system, information standardization, competitive advantage, financial support and government support represent partially significant. Also, the current shipping LISs main problems are expensive system cost, standardization of working processs, institutions imperfection and systems interaction defect. So these problems must be improved to activate shipping LIS.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

This study attempts to establish a precise forecast model for the container inventory demand of shipping companies through forecasts based on equipment type/size, ports, and weekly system dynamics. The forecast subjects were Shanghai and Yantian Ports. Only dry containers (20, 40) and high cubes (40) were used as the subject container inventory in this study due to their large demand and valid data computation. The simulation period was from 2011 to 2017 and weekly data were used, applying the actual data frequency among shipping companies. The results of the model accuracy test obtained through an application of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) verified that the forecast model for dry 40' demand, dry 40' high cube demand, dry 20' supply, dry 40' supply, and dry 40' high cube supply in Shanghai Port provided an accurate prediction, with $0%{\leq}MAPE{\leq}10%$. The forecast model for supply and demand in Shanghai Port was otherwise verified to have relatively high prediction power, with $10%{\leq}MAPE{\leq}20%$. The forecast model for dry 40' high cube demand and dry 20' supply in Yantian Port was accurate, with $0%{\leq}MAPE{\leq}10%$. The forecast model for supply and demand in Yantian Port was generally verified to have relatively high prediction power, with $10%{\leq}MAPE{\leq}20%$. The forecast model in this study also had relatively high accuracy when compared with the actueal data managed in shipping companies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.122-129
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• 2017

This study presents the results from a technical analysis of a portal system that is compatible with MRV regulations and utilized to examine energy efficiency in international shipping, in relation to the implementation of a mandatory data collection system by the International Maritime Organization. The details of the SEEMP guidelines, including the data collection system and methods for collecting data on fuel use, were reviewed. Strategies for domestic shipping companies toward MRV have been recommended by identifying differences with the EU MRV, and the technical adequacy of the MRV system was assessed. The MRV system enhances cost and work efficiency by managing emissions data from the early stage to the final stage. It is capable of collecting and reporting emissions data while adhering to the reporting procedures of shipping companies. By granting different access privileges to users, the system supports shipping companies in their data collection and reporting, and also supports verifiers in their data verification activities. Moreover, it makes possible the submission of reports in electronic from, thereby enabling shipping companies to adopt an integrated response to international MRV regulations.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.175-207
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the interdependent partnership between liner shipping companies and port-related service firms on the service quality and transaction performance. The empirical analysis found that sharing information and mutual trust of partnership factor positively affected service quality of the port-related service firms, but the communication had negative effects on it. The interdependence had the interaction effect between the partnership and the service quality. Also, the service quality affected satisfaction of transaction and re-purchasing of the shipping companies. This study shows that the partnership to be formed mutual dependent relationship between shipping companies and the port-related firms improve the service quality of shipping service network and enhance transactional satisfaction of both parties.