• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.1041-1063
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• 2014

Some results on the hydroelasticity of ultra large container ships related to the beam structural model and restoring stiffness achieved within EU FP7 Project TULCS are summarized. An advanced thin-walled girder theory based on the modified Timoshenko beam theory for flexural vibrations with analogical extension to the torsional problem, is used for formulation of the beam finite element for analysis of coupled horizontal and torsional ship hull vibrations. Special attention is paid to the contribution of transverse bulkheads to the open hull stiffness, as well as to the reduced stiffness of the relatively short engine room structure. In addition two definitions of the restoring stiffness are considered: consistent one, which includes hydrostatic and gravity properties, and unified one with geometric stiffness as structural contribution via calm water stress field. Both formulations are worked out by employing the finite element concept. Complete hydroelastic response of a ULCS is performed by coupling 1D structural model and 3D hydrodynamic model as well as for 3D structural and 3D hydrodynamic model. Also, fatigue of structural elements exposed to high stress concentration is considered.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2005

Tight integration between design and analysis processes and the data representation in the ship design application domain have been studied in this paper. Multi-Representation Architecture for design and analysis integration, proposed at Georgia Institute of Technology, has been carefully investigated for the application in the initial ship design stage. The MRA approach facilitates efficient generation of analysis models from the initial ship design data, thus reducing design lead time. Easy generation of analysis model is important because it allows quick analysis iteration under frequent design changes. The SMM, ABB and PBAM are defined for the analysis model of the typical ship structure. Only a part of the typical initial ship design data has been considered in the experimental implementation of the proposed approach. However, the prototype implementation shows that the application of MRA approach in the structural ship design domain is quite feasible. It is also contemplated that the same approach can be extended for other design and analysis views in the ship design domain.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2015

A very large shell-structure built in shipyards like ship hulls or offshore structures are joined by welding through full process. As the welding contains a high thermal cycle at a local area, the welded structures should be distorted unavoidably. Because a distorted ship block should be revised to the designed value before the next stage, the ability to predict and to control the weld distortion is an accuracy level of the yard itself. Despite the ship block size, several present thermal distortion methodologies can deal those sizes, but it is a different story to deal full ship size model. Even a fully constructed ship hull not remaining any welding can have an accuracy issue like outfitting installation problems. Any present thermal distortion methodology cannot accept this size for its recommended element size and the number. The ordinary welding breadth at erection stage is about 20~40 mm. It can hardly be a good choice to make finite element model of these sizes considering human effort and computational environment. The finite element model for structure analysis of a ship hull is prepared at front-end engineering design stage which is the first process of the project. The element size of the model is as fine as the longitudinal space, and it is not proper to obtain a weld distortion at the erection stage. In this study, a methodology is suggested that a weldment can be shrunk at original place instead of using structural finite element model. We cut the original shell elements at erection weld-line and put truss elements between the edges of cut elements for weld shrinkage. Additional truss elements are used to facsimile transverse weld shrinkage which cannot be from the weld-line truss element shrink. They attach to weld-line truss element like twigs from barks. The capacity of developed elements is verified through an accuracy check of erection process of a container vessel at the apt. hull. It can be a useful tool for verifying a centering accuracy after renew and for block-separating planning considering accuracy.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2004년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.262-269
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• 2004

Ship structures are basically an assembly of plate elements and the load-carrying capacity or the ultimate strength is one of the most important criteria for safety assessment and economic design. Also, Structural elements making up ship plated structures do not work separately, resulting in high degree of redundancy and complexity, in contrast to those of steel framed structures. To enable the behavior of such structures to be analyzed, simplifications or idealizations must essentially be made considering the accuracy needed and the degree of complexity of the analysis to be used. On this study, to investigate effect of analysis range, the finite element method are used and their results are compared varying the analysis ranges. The model has been selected from bottom panels of large merchant ship structures. For FEA, three types of structural modeling are adopted in terms of the extent of the analysis. The purpose of the present study is to numerically calculate the characteristics of ultimate strength behavior according to the analysis ranges of stiffened panels subject to uniaxial compressive loads.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.96-110
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• 1996

노후선박은 부식, 피로균열 등의 구조손상을 입고 있으며, 구조손상이 심각하면 중대한 해난사고를 초래할 위험성이 높다. 선각붕괴에 의한 선박의 침몰사고를 미연에 방지하기 위하여는 구조손상에 기인된 각종 불확실성을 고려한 노후선박의 최종강도 신뢰성을 평가할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 부식에 의한 선체구조부재의 판두께 감소효과를 고려하여 선체구조의 최종강도를 기준으로한 신뢰성 평가기법을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 선체구조의 부식 속도모델을 선급에서 제시하는 데이타를 바탕으로 설정하고, 부식효과를 고려한 신뢰성 한계상태방정식을 도출하였으며, 최종강도 신뢰성은 SORM (second-order reliability method)을 적용하여 계산하였다. 본 기법을 이중선체 유조선에 적용하여 선령의 증가에 따른 단면계수 및 최종강도 신뢰성의 감소특성을 고찰하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.241-247
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• 2001

A Fire Safety Evaluation Module(FSEM), which quantitatively evaluates the risk of evacuees when fire occurs in buildings or ships, is presented in this paper. The developed FSEM can be applied to multi-room structure. Basic input data for the FSEM are prepared by fire model and evacuation model. CFAST which is one of the existing fire models is used as fire model and MonteDEM evacuation model was developed for evacuation model, respectively. MonteDEM evacuation model makes use of distinct element method and Monte-Carlo simulation, and it can also take into consideration ground inclination by ship motions in order to simulate the real situation of evacuation. Some typical situations are modelled for illustrative examples and quantitative assessment of evacuee's risk under fire accident is carried out.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.56-65
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• 2001

선박의 중앙단면 구조 모델을 표현하는 표준화된 정보 처리 체계가 STEP AP218이다. 이는 선체 모델을 3차원으로 표현하기에 적절한 환경을 제공하고 있으나, 아직 조선소나 선급에서는 도면이나 2차원 정보를 통해 정보 교환을 하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 2차원 정보를 STEP AP218 구조 모델로 변환하기 위하여 AP218 자료 구조를 분석하여 정리하였고, 한국선급에서 사용하고 있는 KR-TRAS의 중앙단면 2차원 정보를 분류하고, KR-TRAS에는 표현되어 있지 않은 횡부재 정보를 일부 확장하여 사용하였다. AP218과 KR-TRAS의 두 자료 구조 사이의 매핑 테이블을 작성하여 매핑 관계를 정의하였고, 이 관계를 이용한 번역기를 개발하였으며, 가시화 프로그램을 통해 번역된 구조 모델의 형상 정보를 검증하였다. 이렇게 생성된 AP218에 따른 선체 모델은 각 부서간의 정보 교환뿐만 아니라 설계, 해석, 유지/보수 등의 제품 전 주기에 걸쳐 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

The most important factor in the structural design of ships and offshore structures operating in arctic region is ice load, which results from ice-structure interaction during the ice collision process. The mechanical properties of ice related to strength and failure, however, show very complicated aspect varying with temperature, volume fraction of brine, grain size, strain rate and etc. So it is nearly impossible to establish a perfect material model of ice satisfying all the mechanical characteristics completely. Therefore, in general, ice collision analysis was carried out by relatively simple material models considering only specific aspects of mechanical characteristics of ice and it would be the most significant cause of inevitable errors in the analysis. Especially, it is well-known that the most distinctive mechanical property of ice is high dependency on strain rate. Ice shows brittle attribute in higher strain rate while it becomes ductile in lower strain rate range. In this study, the simulation method of ice collision to ship hull using the nonlinear dynamic FE analysis was dealt with. To consider the strain rate effects of ice during ice-structural interaction, strain rate dependent constitutive model in which yield stress and hardening behaviors vary with strain rate was adopted. To reduce the huge amount of computing time, the modeling range of ice and ship structure were restricted to the confined region of interest. Under the various scenario of ice-ship hull collision, the structural behavior of hull panels and failure modes of ice were examined by nonlinear FE analysis technique.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2004

Ship is being operated under a highly dynamic environments and many factors are related with ship's collision and those factors are interacting. So, the analysis on ship's collision causes are very important to prepare countermeasures which will ensure the safe navigation. This study analysed the ship's collision data over the past 10 years(1991-2000), which is compiled by Korea Marine Accidents Inquiry Agency. The analysis confirmed that ‘ship's collision' is occurred most frequently and the cause is closely related with human factor. The main purpose of this study is to propose risk control measures of ship's collision. For this, the structure of human factor is analysed by the questionnaire methodology. Marine experts were surveyed based on major elements that were extracted from the human factor affecting to ship's collision. FSM has been widely adopted in modeling a dynamic system which is composed of human factors. Then, the structure analysis on the causes of ship's collision are performed using FSM. This structure model could be used in understanding and verifying the procedure of real ship's collision. Furthermore it could be used as the model to prevent ship's collision and reduce marine accidents.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2018

This paper presents 2D numerical modeling to calculate ship-ice interactions that occur when an icebreaker advances into ice-covered water. The numerical model calculates repeated icebreaking of an ice plate and removal of small ice floes. The icebreaking of the ice plate is calculated using a ship-ice contact detection technique and fluid-structural interaction of ice plate bending behavior. The ship-ice interactions in small ice floes are calculated using a physically based modeling with 3DOF rigid body equations. The ice plate is broken in crushing, bending, and splitting mode. The ice floes drift by wind or current and by the force induced by the ship-ice interaction. The time history of ice force and ice floe distribution when an icebreaker advances into the ice-covered water are obtained numerically. Numerical results demonstrate that the time history of ice force and distribution of ice floes (ice channel width) depend on the ice floe size, ship motion and ice drifting by wind or current. It is shown that the numerical model of ship maneuvering in realistic ice conditions is necessary to obtain precise information about the ship in ice-covered water. The proposed numerical model can be useful to provide data of a ship operating in ice-covered water.