• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.43-48
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• 2001

Price of Used Vessel is Key-point of Ship trading but it is very troublesome part. Because it is different from the Seller and the Buyer's caculated price, It is appropriated by The Sellers and The Buyers' mutual agreement. In case of the Buyers. it is difficult in calculating price of used ship without entrusting the ship broker, beca- use evaluation method of secondhanded vessel has not formulated and the ship broker has experientially computed Remain Value of used vessel. For this work, structure of ship trading market, trading flow, the factor of price composition and Affecting factor of price is reviewed, and it examined relationship with price. On these base, a computer software integrated database system and object-oriented technique is developed. The developed system is expected helpful to evaluation of remain value of the used vessel.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.61-86
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• 1991

This paper aims to investigated the reasonable objectiveness of trading areas on the Korea Ship Safety Act and to make a regulated proposal of trading areas. To achieve the above mentioned object, we analyzed the existing rules and other related circumstances of maritime fields. On the basis of this viewpoint, this paper was focused on three topics of concern : (1) the relationship between the ship Safety Act and other Maritime Acts. (2) the legislative examples of foreign countries, (3) the reasonable revised reasons of trading areas. In this paper, we proposed following four matters such as (1) the modification of ship's length and speed which are the designative basis of trading areas, (2) the extension of the smooth sea area to limit of territorial seas (3) the extension of the near-coastal area to the coasts of the P.R.C., Japan, the U.S.S.R and the R.O.C ., and rename of its area into the near & greater coastal area, (4) the annulment of greater-coastal area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2002.03a
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• pp.39-51
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• 2002

Online exchange is a cost-effective approach to trade goods and information among multiple sellers and buyers. Shipping industry includes lots of global entities such as shippers, liners, ship owners and shipping agents. Marine insurance companies and ship repairers and many other groups are also supporting the industry. However, international shipping exchanges are located on few cities in the world. Its our motivation that a shipping market can be online so that market participants do the dealing while sitting where they are with more efficient manner, preferable price and larger pool of candidates of trading partners. This paper presents Korean governmental project of building a cyber shipping exchange. The exchange covers ship sale and purchase, charter, insurance, freight futures, repairs, supplying of ships oil and database service. The workflows of each business were analyzed and designed to fit for online environment. The project includes design of trading mechanism, online documents, data flow, data storage and security. Online match making and trading mechanisms such as auction, reverse auction, bid are used. The whole trading process involves multiple organizations and business processes. So, this Paper focuses on how each organization would play their roles so that users can complete transactions with integrated and transparent view. The online exchange selves also as maritime portal site that links to other sites for cooperation vertically or horizontally, and serves database and information in global perspective. This paper also issues and discusses the justification of an online shipping exchange

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.59-81
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• 1994

Korean property and liability insurance companies have underwrited hull insurance without proper undrewriting ability. But after April 1996. in case of Korean insurance market being opened the companies have to make hull insurance rate by themselves. Accordingly, in this study, the writer embodies important factors in making hull insurance rate by an empirical survey. In empirical survey, the writer used a questionnaire, 74 proper data was obtained from 96 officers working in making hull insurance rate in 12 Korean property and liablity insurance companies and 24 the foreign companies at home. Reliability was tested by Cronbach's Alpha and a conceptual validity by Factor Analysis. Hypothesis estabilished in this study was tested by Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis. Results of testing hypothesis are as follows: Firstly, the traits of insurer and the assured influence significantly(P<0.05) on making hull insurance rate. Secondly, expected loss ratio, ship manager, ship's age, insured amount, level of the cost of repairing and salvage, shipowner, period of insurance, level of overseas rating, profit and expense, trading limits, ship's classification, conditions of insurance, and ship's size influence significantly(P<0.05) on making hull insurance rate.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 2013

IMO(International Maritime Organization) is existed the movement for revising ISM Code so that the maintenance history and the trouble information given trading in a ship can be transferred. An empirical analysis was made on the influence that will have upon shipping industry through surveying on the recognition on ISM Code revision in employees of the relevant field and on the expected problems given being amended ISM Code as the above. In conclusion, the positive effect is judged to be more in the aspect of ship safety, which is the aim of ISM Code, rather than the negative effect, which may take place given being revised ISM Code. In other words, the clean market can be formed through this because fairness is maintained on both sides given trading in a ship by which opening the maintenance record and the trouble history is applied equally to a buyer and a seller. Ships can be reduced a loss of time and cost in preventing similar problems and seeking solution that may appear in important equipments, through this maintenance record. Also, based on these materials, it comes to be available for analyzing a risk of ship and preventing and managing a risk, thereby being increased ability of maintenance and repair in a ship, resulting in being judged to likely contributing to ship safety and environmental-pollution prevention.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.163-165
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• 2013

IMO(International Maritime Organization) is existed the movement for revising ISM Code so that the maintenance history and the trouble information given trading in a ship can be transferred. An empirical analysis was made on the influence that will have upon shipping industry through surveying on the recognition on ISM Code revision in employees of the relevant field and on the expected problems given being amended ISM Code as the above. In conclusion, the positive effect is judged to be more in the aspect of ship safety, which is the aim of ISM Code, rather than the negative effect, which may take place given being revised ISM Code. In other words, the clean market can be formed through this because fairness is maintained on both sides given trading in a ship by which opening the maintenance record and the trouble history is applied equally to a buyer and a seller. Ships can be reduced a loss of time and cost in preventing similar problems and seeking solution that may appear in important equipments, through this maintenance record. Also, based on these materials, it comes to be available for analyzing a risk of ship and preventing and managing a risk, thereby being increased ability of maintenance and repair in a ship, resulting in being judged to likely contributing to ship safety and environmental-pollution prevention.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.101-107
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• 2011

Marine ships have played an important role as a carrier, transporting much more than 80% of all international trading, and marine transportation is an internationally competitive, strategic, and great national important industry. However, those marine ships have the characteristics such as voyage of long distance, large-volume and lower speed than the other carry system. Therefore, it is important to manufacture a larger and faster ship, however, the steel plates which are consisted with most of those ships has brought about many corrosion problems in sea water such as general corrosion, localized corrosion, cavitation and erosion corrosion etc.. Most hulls of the ships have been protected with paintings, sacrificial anode, marine growth prevention system, and impressed current cathodic protection methods against numerious corrosion problems mentioned above. However, these conventional methods are not very effective because the rudder of ships stern are exposed to very severe corrosive environment such as tides, speeds of ships, cavitations and erosion corrosion, etc.. In this study, electrochemical and cavitation characteristics was investigated for the rudder material of ship which is exposed to serious corrosive environment. As a result, it is considered that the optimum cathodic protection potentials of rudder material is the range of -0.6 V ~ -0.8 V(Ag/AgCl) in static seawater.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.15
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• pp.137-165
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• 2001

The study on the duration of risk in the marine insurance has been paid a great attention because the marine insurance has to provide several indemnity conditions including the one to be compensated the loss when the accident happens. The research examines as to how the duration of risk has been extended from the beginning period to now. The results show the duration of risk has been continually extended in terms of place and time by a dramatic change of environment related to the marine insurance including marine transportation, a variety of goods, development of marine communication, many different trading conditions, etc, and requirement of the assured. The validity of the duration of risk is effected when the ship leaves at the port and is terminated when the ship arrives at the final destination. It in the Lloyd's age has been started when the products was charged to the ship and terminated when the one was safely discharged to the destination. Recently, the duration of risk in England Marine Insurance attaches from the time the goods leave the warehouse or place of storage at the placed named for the commencement of the transit, continues during the ordinary course of transit and terminates on delivery to the consignees or other final warehouse or place of storage at the destination named. Further research on the extension of the duration of risk must be conducted according to the being large scale of the ship and goods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.268-277
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• 2016

This paper aims at presenting bunkering educational programs for LNG fueled ship taking into consideration existing similar education programs and safety systems at the international level in order to enhance both seafarers' and vessels' safety. Heavy fuel oil has typically been used as fuel of ship propulsion. The competitiveness of the fuel oil is recently getting weak in terms of cost and environmental aspects. Liquefied natural gas is introduced for ship propulsion in the maritime field as a new energy source replacing heavy fuel oil. In order to prepare for installation and operation of LNG fueled propulsion ship on board, International Maritime Organization has discussed this subject for about 10 years. As a result of the discussion on such ships in IMO, the International Code of Safety for Ships Using Gases or Other Low-Flash-Point Fuels entered into force on the year 2015. International organizations and several countries therefore drives actively entire researches and other businesses with a view to providing equipment and system of LNG bunkering. The systems are divided into ship-to-ship transfer, terminal / pipeline-to-ship transfer and truck-to-ship transfer. By adopting transfer system of LNG bunkering, many human resources will be needed in these areas on scene as well as on managing, operating, trading, finance, design of LNG bunkering industries. LNG bunkering is just in the beginning stage. Hence, this paper reviews and proposes professional educational programs of LNG bunkering in consideration of technical aspects of the safety system of LNG bunkering based on the types of bunkering systems.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.15-28
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• 2016

Port of Busan is Korea's largest trading port processing over 18,000 TEU a year. This rapid growth causes air pollution problems in Busan. Ship emissions are significant air pollution sources and port area is relatively close to the business district, therefore it may have serious effects to the health of local people and environment. In this study, ship emissions are estimated, especially on hotelling large vessels. As a result, Port of Busan has 50,686, 48,842 ship calls and 2,343,037 and 2,297,118 tons of ship emissions in 2011 and 2012 respectively. Also, the environmental cost in Port of Busan is approximately 1.2 trillion won per year. This study emphasizes the necessity of ship emissions regulation, hence, it is expected to make a significant contribution in setting up ship emission management system.