• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2019

Background/Objectives: This paper proposes a dual mode feedback-controlled cycling system for children with spastic cerebral palsy to rehabilitate upper extremities. Repetitive upper limb exercise in this therapy aims to both reduce and analyze the abnormal torque patterns of arm movements in three- dimensional space. Methods/Statistical analysis: We designed an exercycle robot which consists of a BLDC motor, a torque sensor, a bevel gear and bearings. Mechanical structures are customized for children of age between 7~13 years old and induces reaching and pulling task in a symmetric circulation. The shafts and external frames were designed and printed using 3D printer. While the child performs active/passive exercise, angular position, angular velocity, and relative torque of the pedal shaft are measured and displayed in real time. Findings: Experiment was designed to observe the features of a cerebral palsy child's exercise. Two children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy participated in the experiment and conducted an active exercise at normal speed for 3 sets, 15 seconds for each. As the pedal reached 90 degrees and 270 degrees, the subject showed minimum torque, in which the child showed difficulty in the pulling task of the cycle. The passive exercise assisted the child to maintain a relatively constant torque while visually observing the movement patterns. Using two types of exercise enabled the child to overcome the abnormal torque measured in the active data by performing the passive exercise. Thus, this system has advantage not only in allowing the child to perform the difficult task, which may contribute in improving the muscle strength and endurance and reducing the spasticity but also provide customizable system according to the child's motion characteristic. Improvements/Applications: Further study is needed to observe how passive exercise influences the movement characteristics of an active motion and how customized experiment settings can optimize the effect of pediatric rehabilitation for spastic cerebral palsy.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.169-185
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• 2022

The urbanization and increasing rate of population demands effective means of transportation system (basement and tunnels) as well as high-rise building (resting on piled foundation) for accommodation. Therefore, it unavoidable to construct basements (i.e., excavation) nearby piled foundation. Since the basement excavation inevitably induces soil movement and stress changes in the ground, it may cause differential settlements to nearby piled raft foundation. To understand settlement and load transfer mechanism in the piled raft due to excavation-induced stress release, numerical parametric studies are carried out in this study. The effects of excavation depths (i.e., formation level) relative to piled raft were investigated by simulating the excavation near the pile shaft (i.e., H_e/L_p=0.67), next to (H_e/L_p=1.00) and below the pile toe (H_e/L_p=1.33). In addition, effects of sand density and raft fixity condition were investigated. The computed results have revealed that the induced settlement, tilting, pile lateral movement and load transfer mechanism in the piled raft depends upon the embedded depth of the diaphragm wall. Additional settlement of the piled raft due to excavation can be account for apparent loss of load carrying capacity of the piled raft (ALPC). The highest apparent loss of piled raft capacity ALPC (on the account of induced piled raft settlement) of 50% was calculated in in case of H_e/L_p = 1.33. Furthermore, the induced settlement decreased with increasing the relative density from 30% to 90%. On the contrary, the tilting of the raft increases in denser ground. The larger bending moment and lateral force was induced at the piled heads in fixed and pinned raft condition.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2010

강관합성말뚝은 외부 강관의 합성 구속효과에 의해 말뚝강도가 커지고, 연성파괴 거동이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 해상 지반에 근입된 무리말뚝에 대하여 말뚝재료의 항복거동 및 지반의 탄소성 거동을 함께 고려할 수 있는 3차원 수치해석을 수행하여 하중-변위 거동 및 강관합성말뚝의 보강효과를 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 강관, 콘크리트, 강관합성말뚝에 대하여 각각 말뚝간격, 말뚝직경 그리고 재하방향을 달리한 변수연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과 수직방향지지력의 경우 강관합성말뚝은 강관말뚝과 비교하여 평균 90% 큰 것으로 나타났고, 콘크리트 말뚝에 대하여는 평균적으로 동일하게 나타났다. 그러고 허용변위 기준에서의 수평방향 지지력의 경우 강관합성말뚝은 강관말뚝보다 평균 50%, 콘크리트 말뚝보다 평균 22% 더 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권6C호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2009

강관합성말뚝은 외부 강관의 합성 구속효과에 의해 말뚝강도가 커지고, 연성파괴 거동이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 해상 지반에 근입된 말뚝에 대하여 말뚝재료의 항복거동 및 지반의 탄소성 거동을 함께 고려할 수 있는 3차원 수치해석을 수행하여 하중-변위 거동 및 강관합성말뚝의 보강효과를 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 강관, 콘크리트, 강관합성말뚝에 대하여 각각 말뚝직경과 재하방향에 따른 변수연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 수직방향 극한지지력의 경우 강관합성말뚝은 강관말뚝과 비교하여 평균 1.90배, 콘크리트 말뚝에 대하여는 평균적으로 동일한 지지력을 보여주었다. 허용변위 기준에서의 수평방향 지지력의 경우 강관합성말뚝은 강관말뚝에 비하여 평균 1.46배, 콘크리트 말뚝에 비하여 평균 1.25배 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그리고, 허용변위 기준에서의 강관합성말뚝의 말뚝두부 변위는 평균적으로 강관말뚝의 약 78%, 콘크리트 말뚝의 약 53%로 나타나 강관합성말뚝의 변위억제 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 해석조건에서 강관합성말뚝의 수직방향 극한지지력 증가효과는 작았지만 수평방향 재하시의 강관합성말뚝의 변위억제 효과에 의해 현장타설말뚝의 경제적인 설계가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.667-672
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• 2009

This paper is concerned with the development of linear magnetic actuator for active vibration control. The newly developed linear magnetic actuator consists of permanent magnets and copper coils. On the contrary to the voice-coil type actuator, the linear magnetic actuator utilizes magnetic flux to generate the shaft movement. In this study, experiments on the prototype linear magnetic actuator were carried out to investigate its dynamic characteristics. Block and inertia forces generated by the actuator were measured. The experimental results show that the actuator can be used as both actuator and active tuned-mass damper. The linear magnetic actuator was attached to a cantilever as the active-tuned mass damper and active vibration control experiment was carried out. The experimental results show that the newly developed linear magnetic actuator can be effectively used for the active vibration control of structures.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.442-447
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• 2007

A very abnormal vibration was occurred at the LP(low pressure) turbine continuously during the pre-operation for a 550MW class USC(ultra super critical) steam turbine. This vibration was initiated at the rotating speed of about 3,450rpm and then the vibration amplitude was highly increased the number by $2{\sim}3$ times with the increase of the rotating speed to the rated speed(3,600rpm). In this paper, this abnormal vibration named spike vibration. This spike vibration was caused by the rubbing between the rotating bucket tip seal and the Lower Half of spill strip. Also, this paper presents the mechanism of the spike vibration and the proper method to eliminate this abnormal vibration problem. This result would be good practice to find the solution of similar high vibration in the USC steam turbines for power plant as well as industrial rotating machineries.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1049-1052
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• 1997

The pupose of this study on the surface finishing is to examine the performance of brushing as a means of reducing the surface roughness of the precision theaded shafts in ball screw assemblies. Ball screws provide superior performance compared to other types of screw feeds in terms of static and dynamic rolling resistance,backlash,and wear characteristics. The Reduction of the surface roughness of the lead shaft in ball screw assembiles is essential for precision movement,high speed/low noise tracel, and for low wear/long life. To reduce machine dependent errors that would influence the surface roughness compared with other lapping or polishing techniques,experiments will be performed using special wire brushes to polish precision ground shafts. The best results were obtained using the Al /sab 2/O /sab3/ brushes, with the Al /sab 2/O /sab3/ #500 grit brush producing a surface finish of approximately 0.7 .mu.m, and the Al /sab 2/O /sab3/ #600 grit producing a surface finish of approximately 0.8 .mu.m. Both of these results were produced at the highest wheel polishing speed of 3520 rpm. The SiC #500 brush produced a surface roughness of approximately 1 .mu.m at 3520 rpm.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.851-856
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• 2012

Automotive turbochargers have become common in gasoline engines as well as diesel engines. They are excellent devices to effectively increase fuel efficiency and power of the engines, but they unfortunately cause several noise problems. The noises are classified into mechanical noises induced from movement of a rotating shaft and aerodynamic noises by air flow in turbochargers. The mechanical noises are whine and howling noises, and the aerodynamic noises are BPF (blade-passing frequency), pulsation, surge, some special frequency noises. These noises are bothering passengers because their levels are higher or their frequencies are clearly separated from engine or vehicle noises. The noise investigated in this paper is a BPF noise induced by compressor wheels, whose frequency is the multiplication of the number of compressor wheel blades and its rotational speed. The noise is strongly dependent upon the geometry of wheels and the number of blades. This study tried to apply a groove close to the inlet side of compressor wheels in order to reduce the BPF noise. The groove has successfully reduced the noise of narrow band frequency of a turbocharger. It shows that the groove could reduce the wide band frequency noise, the compressor BPF noise with a best shape of the groove.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.739-745
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• 2010

The roller gear cam can control the rotational follower periodically by attaching several roller on the circumstance of follower shaft and it is widely used in non-backlash and precise actuating mechanism such as index table or ATC of machine tools. For machining the roller gear cam, 5 axis CNC machine tool is used and the geometric principle of CAM mechanism must be adopted to generate the NC-code and to develop the special CAD/CAM software because there is not commercial CAM system to machine the roller gear cam. The maker of the specially developed software in domestic user is generally from Japan or Taiwan. However these softwares do not reflect the post processing technique for finish machining in the module. Also, there is some limitation for further new application of itself and it needs higher costs for further application. In this study, the CAD/CAM software to overcome these problem was developed. And its reliability was verified by applying it in 5-axis CNC machining. Finally, the experimental result conducted in the 5-axis machining show good consistency in the movement of follower along the flute and in its Size.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1238-1245
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• 2007

A very abnormal vibration was occurred at the LP(low pressure) turbine continuously during the pre-operation for a 550MW class USC(ultra super critical) steam turbine. This vibration was initiated at the rotating speed of about 3,450 rpm and then the vibration amplitude was highly increased the number by $2{\sim}3$ times with the increase of the rotating speed to the rated speed (3,600 rpm). In this paper, this abnormal vibration named spike vibration. This spike vibration was caused by the rubbing between the rotating bucket tip seal and the lower half of spill strip. Also, this paper presents the mechanism of the spike vibration and the proper method to eliminate this abnormal vibration problem. This result would be good practice to find the solution of similar high vibration in the USC steam turbines for power plant as well as industrial rotating machineries.