• International Journal of Contents
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.86-91
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• 2013

The Piano, directed by Jane Campion in 1993, became a sensational movie with a special theme focusing on gender and sexual identity, when it won Palme d'Or in the Cannes Film Festival at the same year. Most of the critics discuss the representation of Victorian sexual repression in the colonial setting. But the critical acclaim tends to view the existence of the Maori people and the colonial setting as the backdrop of the narrative, although this colonial background is constructed as a medium to accelerate the release of the repressed passion. Regarding the race issue as a compelling discourse that gets left out of "feminist" accounts, this paper analyzes The Piano, focusing on both how the story of colonialism is constituted in the film and how the film represents ambivalent images of the Maori people, the native of New Zealand.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.185-199
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the dynamics of psychological and sexual violence in dating among high school students. Subjects consisted of 1,205 male and female adolescents from all parts of the country. 1,092 respondents were included in the final analysis(90.6%). For psychological violence, 13.3%(n=145) reported to have such experiences with a dating partner at least once or more. The most frequently used forms of violence were shouting, insulting language and behaviors, and blaming for a physical appearance. There were no sex differences in frequency of psychological violence between males and females, as an aggressor or a victim. Responses of victims were mostly negotiation and communication, and trying to forget it. For sexual violence, 27.8%(n=303) was found to have such experiences in a dating scence at least once or more. Hugging and kissing, close contact of parts of body, and gazing at parts of body were most frequently used forms. Responses of victims were pretending not to notice it and responding in the same way. There were significantly more male aggressors of sexual violence than females, but no sex difference in the number of victims. Those who reported to have experiences of violence were compared to the counterparts who had no experience in attitudes toward violence between dating partners and married couples, experiences of violence in childhood, school violence, and observations of violence between parents. Those with experience of dating violence reported to have significantly more experiences of violence in childhood and school, and parental violence. Based on the findings of this study, suggestion were made in regard to the need for development of dating violence prevention program for adolescents, and for welfare programs for adolescents in community.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.107-121
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop a sexuality education program for early adolescents. The overall goals of the program were to not only increase knowledge and skirts, but also to improve the awareness of healthy sex in order to promote premarital abstinence, parent-teen communication and parental awareness of the importance of parental roles and responsibilities in prevention of sexual problems of the early adolescent. The program consisted of six sessions: puberty changes during adolescence, the meaning of sexuality, sexual drives in dating relationships, understanding of the risks associated with early sexual involvement and support for postponing sexual activities, managing and avoiding sexually risky situations, the importance of communications with parents about issues related to sexuality. The program evaluation had three steps: pre-test, immediate post-test and two month follow-up post test. The results showed that the program had a significantly positive effect on the improvement of adolescent's knowledge about sex, and attitudes and behaviors toward sex, particularly in the immediate post-test. At the two month follow-up assessment, the effect of the program still remained strong, though there was a sight and partial reduction which was not statistically significant. Most of the program participants expressed a high level of satisfaction with the program. Parental involvement appeared to be effective as well. Recommendations for further study include: to re-evaluate the curriculum for various other participants. In addition, further study which would compare post-test results of these participants with a comparison group of peers who did not receive the program would be valuable. The author believes that the program can be used in implementing specific subjects (sessions) in new settings, as well as implementing the entire package of the program.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.310-319
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• 2007

Purpose: This study intends to investigate gender role identity and egalitarianism consciousness among adolescents and to determine the relationship between the two factors. Method: Data were collected from 376 middle and high school students in U City. Tools used were the Korean Sexual Role Identity (Kim, J. H., 2005) and the Gender Egalitarianism Consciousness among Adolescents (Kim, 2002). Data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 for t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There was no significant difference between boys and girls in sender role identity. Boys' gender role identity was different according to school grade (t=-3.19, p= .00), frequency of mother's hugging (t=-2.28, p= .02) and girls' according to religion (t=-2.24, p= .03) mother's job (F=3.59, p= .02), father's education level (F=3.20, p= .04), mother's education level (F=3.24, p= .04), family harmony (F=7.28, p= .00), and frequency of mother's hugging (t=-2.41. p= .02). There was significant difference in egalitarianism consciousness according to sender (t=-12.70. p= .00) Boys' egalitarianism consciousness was different according to school type (t= .02, p= .00) and father's education level (F=4.97, p= .02), and girls' according to school grade (t=-4.21 p= .00), school type (t=-3.12, p= .00), father's level of education (F=3.78. p= .02), decision maker of important domestic matter (F=4.95, p= .00) and frequency of mother's hugging (t=2.53, p= .01). In Girls, sexual role identity and sender egalitarianism consciousness were significantly correlated with each other (r= .01, p= .04). Conclusion: Through the study, it was found that boys' concern for sexual equality of was remarkably lower than girls. Therefore, it is necessary to offer curriculums for boys and to start social education for parents.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2001

The antennal sensilla of the adult male and female ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Nine types of sensilla were characterized and grouped into 5 morphological classes: $B\ddot{o}hm$, basiconic, chetiform, coeloconlc, and trichoid sensilla. $B\ddot{o}hm$ sensilla were localized on the scape and pedicel, part of the ventral and dorsal proximal side. This placement suggests a role in proportion of antennal position and movement. Basiconic and chetiform sensilla were divided into 3 subtypes by morphology and length differences. Trichoid sensilla are confined to the last 2 flagellum segments on both sexes. Sexual dimorphism of antennal sensilla is limited to the three types of difference. The principal characteristics of this dimorphism are the following: a) The distribution of sensilla was differ from male and female in antennae. b) Males exhibit coeloconic sensilla not present in females; c) Females posses more trichoid sensilla than males. The possible role of specific dilference of the sensilla in intersexual communication is discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.285-305
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to describe the current status of dual-earner families in Seoul. The specific aims of this study were to examine the dynamics of marital relationship, parent-child relationship and old mother-daughter/daughter in law relationship in the same family. The sample consised of 265 dual-earner families was selected based on wives' jobs, primarily non-professional. The information was gathered from working couples and their school-aged children. The findings of this study were as follows: 1. Sex role attitude of husbands was more traditional than their wives. Therefore, housework sharing of husbands was very low and wives' perception of inequity was high. Wives' marital satisfaction was affected by the wives' perception of inequity, joint leisure activity, sexual satisfaction, and wives' job satisfaction. Husbands' marital satisfaction was affected by sexual satisfaction, perceived difficulties and problems of the husbands caused by wives' employment, and the degree of their housework participation. 2. The emotional uneasiness of children during mothers' absence was reported. The communication about mothers' job was helpful to gain children's understanding toward mothers' job. Mothers suffered from guilty feeling of neglecting their children in spite of their good performance of mothering role. 3. The employed daughters/daughters in law perceived high rewards and low cost in relationships with their mothers/mothers in law. The perceived quality of daughter-mother relationship was higher with low cost and high rewards than that of daughter in law/mother in law. Finally practical and policy implications were suggested.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.307-316
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the vulnerability to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and associated factors among married women in northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey (n=657) was conducted from April 1 to 15, 2020, in Metema District, northwest Ethiopia, in four randomly selected kebele administrations (the lowest level of local government). The inclusion criteria were married women aged ≥18 years residing with their husbands. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with married women's vulnerability to HIV infection. Results: Participants were on average 33.70±9.50 years and nearly one-fourth (n=148, 22.5%) were identified as vulnerable to HIV infection (i.e., experienced sexually transmitted disease symptoms or an extramarital affair of either spouse within the past 12 months). Only 18.9% reported sexual communication with their husband. Respondents who did not discuss the risk of HIV infection with their husbands had fivefold odds of vulnerability (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 5.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43-17.5). Those who did not have premarital sex (AOR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.05-0.77) had no worries about HIV infection (AOR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08-0.94), sufficient income (AOR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.16-0.86), and less than four children (AOR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50-0.97) had decreased odds of being vulnerable to HIV than their counterparts. Conclusion: Not discussing risk of HIV infection with husband was a major factor of vulnerability to HIV infection as was premarital sex, worry about HIV, income, and number of children. Measures to strengthen couple's sexual communication and support economical stability is important for decreasing HIV vulnerability.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.334-343
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• 2003

This paper suggests the education method of information communication ethics by harmful word filtering on web boards as a way to solve the malfunctioning problem occurring in making informations at the step of their positive activities of information offers. The harmful word filtering system for the education of information communication ethics describes the method to construct a harmful word dictionary by extracting harmful words related with improper doing of writing, sexual insult, abusive language and expressions of criticizing others shown in web boards. Decrease by more than 90% in writing with harmful words and inappropriate writing was shown as the result of application of the harmful word filtering system on school home pages.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.4 s.218
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• pp.87-99
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• 2006

This study focused on the validity of Imago couple therapy's contents and the effects of application of the Imago couple therapy model. The participated subjects were 38 graduate students and their spouses. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, the types of couple relations that formed and sustained marital relations after growth could be predicted by the early childhood relationships between the subjects when they were children and their parents. Second, the marital conflicts and frustrations could be healed by the 'parent-child dialogue' and 'guided imagery'. Third, Imago couple therapy was effective for couple counseling to improve the areas of marital relationships, especially marital intimacy, marital communication, communication skills for marital conflicts, mutual respect, gender role, sexual satisfaction, time together, and decision-making. Fourth, Couple's Dialogue was a powerful tool for couple and parent-child relationships as well as general counseling practices.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.103-115
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• 2003

This study develops and evaluates a mother-child relationship improvement program for poor female-headed families. The program consists of seven sessions including various physical and educational activities. The goals of this program are (1) enhancing emotional support, health, and physical intimacy among the female heads of households and their children, (2) understanding each other's wants and personalities, and (3) facilitating the communication skills and increasing knowledge on adolescent sexual development. Four mothers of poor female-headed families and four adolescent children of them were participated in the program. The result of the program evaluation shows that this program had positive effects on improving mother-child relationship and their Interaction.