• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2017

The rapid growth of algae occurs can induce the algae bloom when nutrients are supplied from anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer, animal waste or sewage in runoff the water currents or upwelling naturally. The algae blooms creates the human health problem in the environment as well as in the water resource managers including hypoxic dead zones and harmful toxins and pose challenges to water treatment systems. The algal blooms in the source water in water treatment systems affects the drinking water taste & odor while clogging or damaging filtration systems and putting a strain on the systems designed to remove algal toxins from the source water. This paper propose the emerging In-Situ self-diagnosable smart algae sensing device with wireless connectivity for smart remote monitoring and control. In this research, we developed the In-Site Algae diagnosable sensing device with wireless sensor network (WSN) connectivity with Optical Biological Sensor and environmental sensor to monitor the water treatment systems. The proposed system emulated in real-time on the water treatment plant and functional evaluation parameters are presented as part of the conceptual proof to the proposed research.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.252-259
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• 2021

Numerous valley waters originating from Mt. Mudeung and flowing into Gwangju Cheon flowed into the confluence-type sewage conduit, the Gwangju Cheon became dry and water quality deteriorated. In this study, a method to create a stream was studied by using the valley water of Mt. Mudeung in the Gwangju cheon that flows into the sewage treatment plant as a water source. Flow and water quality surveys were investigated at four points with meaningful flow quantity. As a result, it showed a flow quantity was 105~2,721 m³/day at each point. And the average water quality was BOD₅ 0.3~1.6 mg/L. If a stream with a flow quantity of 1,500 m³/day is created during the dry season and then flows into the Namgwang bridge of Gwangju cheon, it is predicted that there will be improvements in BOD 7.3%, COD 6.5%, T-P 5.8%, and T-N 5.2%. In addition, it was determined that the load on the flow quantity of the sewage treatment plant due to the inflow of valley water would be reduced, the cost of sewage treatment would be reduced, and it would be the basis for BGN construction by creating waterside amenity in the city.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2017

This study examined the environmental characteristics of shore pollution sources in the southern part of the Sinan, Jangsando area in the West Coast of Korea. A shoreline survey of the watershed was conducted to identify the pollution sources and measure the water discharge rate and microbial hygiene of water and finally estimate the possible impact area of pollution. Forty five of pollution sources in total were identified and they were grouped into sewage (33), agriculture waste water (1) and waste water from inland fish farm (11). Nine among them were discharged into the seawater and discharge volume was 72,857~281,250 l/min. Fecal coliforms of St. 72 (sewage) and St. 74 (shrimp farm) were 490 MPN/100 ml and 49 MPN/100 ml and the impact zones of the pollution were 4,389 m and 1,900 m respectively.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제33권4호통권92호
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• pp.387-394
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• 2000

Water pollution characteristics were investigated in the Kyongan stream and major inlet parts of Paltang Reservoir from April to July, 2000. Water quality in the Kyongan stream was extremly deteriorated by treated wastewater discharge at near sewage wastewater treatment plant (SWTP) located in the upstream, and it is likely to influence eutrophication of the lower part of the stream. Water quality of the Kyongan stream showed a typical hypertrophic condition. Influxed concentrations with $NH_4$ and SRP into the main stream from SWTP were declined precipitously as water flowed toward the lower part of the stream, and chlorophyll- a explosively increased in the midstream. Average concentrations of $NH_4$, SRP and chlorophyll-a in the main stream were $1,343\;{\mu}g\;N/l$, $1,779\;{\mu}g\;P/l$ and $188\;{\mu}g\;l$, respectively. Particularly, phosphorus load was very high, and its influence on the algal growth stimulation was remarkable. In comparison with the water quality inflowing into Paltang Resevoir, pollution status of the Kyongan stream was more worse than that in the Pukhan River and the Namhan River. The results of this study indicate that the management of point source, SWTP effluent, is urgent to mitigate eutrophication of Paltang Reservoir, and requires further necessary controls of inorganic phosphorus loading.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.423-431
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• 2014

Supply of rural community sewage treatment plant (RCSTP) is need for protect of water quality like water source and development of agriculture areas. In this study conducted analysis on characteristics of RCSTP sewage and treatment efficiency of installed treatment process using operation results of RCSTP in an-dong area. high organic matter and nutrient were contained in RCSTP sewage of an-dong than urban area. RCSTP treatment process in an-dong was shown stable treatment efficiency. But nutrient treatment efficiency was shown more sensitive result about SRT and F/M ratio than organic matter treatment efficiency. And RCSTP treatment process in an-dong was shown higher treatment efficiency than other treatment proces like $A^2/O$, SBR and media. Thus, this process is effective treatment process for application of RCSTP.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.551-558
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• 2007

From the view point of biological wastewater treatment, C/N ratio is one of the most important factor in biological nutrient removal process. However, municipal sewage in Korea is characterized by extremely low content of carbon source and relatively higher portion of N source. Accordingly, it is necessary to dose external carbon source in order to obtain higher degree of carbon source within the process. In this study, the effects of pH pretreatment as an alternative plan for increasing carbon source on the cell disruption and COD solubility of waste activated sludge were conducted under well defined experimental conditions. During 5 hours, the value of COD solubilization rate ($S_R$) at pH 11.5 is approximately 4.4 times higher than the value of $S_R$ at pH 9.5. It is expected that the level of SCOD increased due to the result from cell disruption. However, VSS/TSS ratio was not significantly changed after 5 hours. As Alkalinity changes gradually from less than 15, 30 and 60 meq NaOH/L, average RBCOD/SCOD fraction showed 34, 36 and 45%,respectively.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.56-65
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• 2001

In interpreting stream water quality data, scientific or statistical mehtods should be employed. Classical parametric statistical methods may not be adopted in analyzing water quality data, due to the violation of normality. In this study, nonparametric statistical methods, such as Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test, were used in comparing water quality data from several monitoring stations. Water quality data used are those collected Bokha watershed, located in Ichon-city, Kyonggi province. Based on the test results, domestic sewage is the major pollution source. A couple of sub-watersheds with a large number of livestock do not show significant differences in water quality parameters. It should be noted that comparison of mean values of water quality parameters is difficult to relate water quality with watershed characteristics. The results also indicate that livestock farming does not significantly affect the water quality.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2019

Recently, it was realized that a significant portion of pollution from urban areas originates from non-point sources such as construction sites, washoff from impervious surfaces, and sewage input from unsewered areas and combined sewer overflows. Especially, Urban stormwater runoff is one of the most extensive cause of the deterioration of the water quality in streams located in urban area. The objective of this study was to investigate runoff characteristics of non-point pollutants source at the urban area in the Suyeong River. Water quality variations were investigated at two points of Suyeong River during a period of 10 rainfall events. Concentration difference of non-point pollution source appeared big by precedent number of days of no rainfall. In addition, Event mean Concentration (EMCs) that well represents runoff characteristics of storm water during rainfall, was calculated, and runoff pollutants loading was also examined. The probability distribution of EMCs of BOD, COD, TOC, T-N, T-P, and TSS were analyzed and the mean values of observed EMC and the median values of estimated EMCs compared through probability distribution. Other objectives of this study were the characterization of discharge from non-point source, the analysis of the pollutant loads and an establishment of a management plan for non-point source of Suyeong River. Also, It was established that the most important thing for the administration of non-point pollution source is to come up with the solution for the reduction of effluent at the beginning.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.181-186
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• 1998

The effects of sewage treatment on characteristics of sludge as a composting material were investigated for a year during the initial operation at the full-scale Chunan sewage treatment plant. Due to the shortage of design capacity of belt press, a sludge dewatering unit, non-volatile solids were recirculating and concentrating in the treatment plant, resulting in an increase of MLSS and a decrease in F/M ratio at the activated sludge system. Special attention is required for long term operations since the increase of non-volatile solids in the plant would deteriorates the treatment efficiency. The sewage sludge of the Chunan sewage treatment plant showed 79.5% of water content, 11.6% of organic content, and C/N ratio of 6.1, and contained As 1.8 mg/kg, Cd 27 mg/kg, Hg <0.1 mg/kg, Pb 54 mg/kg, T-Cr 370 mg/kg, and Cu 1,100mg/kg of heavy metals. In order to be used as raw material for optimum composting, the sewage sludge requires bulking agents for moistrure/porosity control and a carbon source for adjusting C/N ratio. However, the sewage sludge is not adequate as a soil conditioner after composing due to a high content of heavy metals. If the sewage sludge has to he used as a soil conditioner after composting, it as required to identify and remove tire industrial wastewater portions in tire influent of the plant since heavy metals in the influent were mostly concentrated in dewatered sludge.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2021

Recently, the deterioration of water quality in Wonju stream has been reported due to the increase in diverse pollution sources along with community development and urbanization. Various types of attempts with a huge budget were made for better water quality so far, but its effectiveness is still doubted. In order to establish site-oriented measures for water quality improvement, the topographic and hydrologic factors were evaluated based on site inspection and survey. As the major streams merged into the Wonju stream, the Hwa and Heungyang streams were found to have higher pollution loads and contributions compared to other streams due to the scattered livestock farms and industries, and vulnerable land use. Notably, the discharge water from the Wonju Public Sewage Treatment Plant had the highest level of pollution load, impacting on the water quality of Wonju Stream. According to the SWAT model as water quality measures, the improvement effect of water quality in this treatment plant can be reached to the reductions in BOD 11.06%, T-N 23.56%, T-P 10.60% when the proper managements applied, whereas the improvement of water quality would be 3.89%, 1.23%, and 3.32% for BOD, T-N, T-P, respectively, for the industries. The reduction of the livestock industry was generally very high as a pollution source, but it was not much higher at the end of Wonju Stream than other measures. These results recommended that the water q uality improvement measures should be designated for each upper-middle-lower section in Wonju stream.