• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.757-766
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• 2020

Objective : Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a severe and life-threatening disease. Although commonly performed, the effect of timing in surgical treatment on patient outcome is still unclear. With this study, we aim to provide evidence for early surgical treatment in patients with SEA. Methods : Patients treated for SEA in the authors' department between 2007 and 2016 were included for analysis and retrospectively analyzed for basic clinical parameters and outcome. Pre- and postoperative neurological status were assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS). The self-reported quality of life (QOL) based on the Short-Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) was assessed prospectively. Surgery was defined as "early", when performed within 12 hours after admission and "late" when performed thereafter. Conservative therapy was preferred and recommend in patients without neurological deficits and in patients denying surgical intervention. Results : One hundred and twenty-three patients were included in this study. Forty-nine patients (39.8%) underwent early, 47 patients (38.2%) delayed surgery and 27 (21.9%) conservative therapy. No significant differences were observed regarding mean age, sex, diabetes, prior history of spinal infection, and bony destruction. Patients undergoing early surgery revealed a significant better clinical outcome before discharge than patients undergoing late surgery (p=0.001) and conservative therapy. QOL based on SF-36 were significantly better in the early surgery cohort in two of four physical items (physical functioning and bodily pain) and in one of four psychological items (role limitation) after a mean follow-up period of 58 months. Readmission to the hospital and failure of conservative therapy were observed more often in patients undergoing conservative therapy. Conclusion : Our data on both clinical outcome and QOL provide evidence for early surgery within 12 hours after admission in patients with SEA.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.794-805
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• 2020

Objective : Teriparatide is known as an effective anabolic agent not only for severe osteoporosis but also for bone healing and union. We explored the possibility of teriparatide as an alternative treatment option for osteoporotic thoracolumbar (TL) burst fracture. Methods : This retrospective study enrolled 35 female patients with mean age of 73.77±6.71 years (61-88) diagnosed as osteoporotic TL burst fracture with ≥4 of thoracolumbar injury classification and severity (TLICS) score and no neurological deficits. All patients were treated by teriparatide only (12 of group A), teriparatide plus vertebroplasty (12 of group B), or surgical fixation with fusion (11 of group C), and followed up for 12 months. Radiological outcomes were evaluated using radiological parameters including kyphotic angle (KA), segmental vertebral kyphotic angle (SVKA), compression ratio (CR), and vertebral body height (anterior [AH], middle [MH], posterior [PH]). Functional outcomes were evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS) and Macnab classification (MC). Results : There were no statistical significant differences in age, bone mineral density (-3.36±0.73), and TLICS score (4.34±0.48) among the three groups (p>0.05). Teriparatide was administered during 8.63±2.32 months in group A and B. In 12-month radiological outcomes, there were significant restoration in SVKA, CR, AH, and MH of group B and KA, SVKA, CR, AH, and MH of group C compared to group A with no radiological changes (p<0.05). All groups showed similar significant improvements in 12-month functional outcomes, although group B and C showed a better 1-month VAS, 1-month MC, 3-month MC compared to group A (p<0.05). Conclusion : Non-surgical treatment with teriparatide showed similar 12-month functional outcomes compared to surgical fixation with fusion. The additional vertebroplasty to teriparatide and surgical fixation with fusion were more helpful to improve short-term functional outcomes with structural restoration compared to teriparatide only.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5371-5374
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• 2013

Objective: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging therapeutic procedure suitable for the treatment of cervical cancer. However, the side effects of PDT are severe, including skin ulceration, so we designed an experiment to examine the effects of multiple low-dose photodynamic therapy of 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (Tmpyp4) on tumour growth by utilizing a model in nude mice implanted with Hela cervical cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Female BALB/c nude mice (aged 5-6 weeks, weighing 18-20 g) were used. Hela cervical cancer cells were injected subcutaneously ($1{\times}10^7cells/200{\mu}L$). Ten days after injection, the mice were divided into three groups (n=6), the A group of controls without any treatment, the B group receiving a single-treatment with Tmpyp4 (10 mg/kg, intratumor injection) and irradiation (blue laser, $108J/cm^2$), and the C group given three-treatments with Tmpyp4 (10 mg/kg, intratumor injection) and irradiation at intervals of two days. After starting treatment, tumours were measured every two days, to assess growth. At 2 weeks after the last treatment of C group, tumour tissue and organs were collected from each mouse to evaluate tumor histology and organ damage. Results: Tumour growth in C group was significantly inhibited compared with A and B groups (P<0.05), without any injury to the skin and internal organs. Conclusion: Our novel findings demonstrated that multiple low-dose photodynamic therapy of Tmpyp4 could inhibit cervical cancer growth significantly with no apparent side effects.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2009

Objectives: Burn is a severe dermal injury caused by heat. We were to investigated the effects of acupuncture or pharmacopunture treatment for the histologic and morphologic recovery on the mouse with the 3rd grade burn skin. Methods : We divided into 3 groups. One was a control group(n=3) that was not treated any treatments. Another was a acupuncture group(n=3) that was treated only acupuncture. The other was a pharmacopuncture group(n=3) that was treated only pharmacopuncture. We made a 3rd grade burned skin with the stainless steel heating apparatus. We made a treatment for the mice for a week(2 times for a day, totally 14 times treatments). We observed a dermal morphologic recovery on the mice and a histopathological photographs of the burn skin and subcutaneous tissue with H&E stain, Masson's trichrome stain, and VEGF, FGF and c-kit immunohistochemical stain. Results : The pharmacopuncture group were a better morphologic recovery than control group and acupuncture group. And the pharmacopuncture group were a better histopathological recovery than control group and acupuncture group on the burn skin and subcutaneous tissue with H&E stain, Masson's trichrome stain. And the pharmacopuncture group were a better histopathological recovery than control group and acupuncture group on the burn skin and subcutaneous tissue with VEGF, FGF and c-kit immunohistochemical stain. Conclusions : We suggest that the pharmacopuncture treatment is a better histologic and morphologic recovery than the no treatment or the acupuncture group with the burned mouse skin.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2009

For many years, intermaxillary fixation using arch bar has been operated in treatment of mandibular fracture patients. But it has many complications including injury of operators and assistants cause by wire, inflammation of periodontium. For that reasons alternatives are required; osteosynthesis technique using mini plate, intermaxillary fixation using IMF screws have been available. Treatment by arch bar fixation, however, is still valuable to treat craniomaxillary fracture patients. The purpose of this study is to know effect arch bar on periodontium and influence gingival gel on periodontium applied by arch bar. 40 mandibular fracture patients are monitored. 30 patients were applied by arch bar, 10 patients were not. And the former were classified by 3 categories; Nano vitamin and Mastic gel were applied to 10 patients respectively and any gingival gel was not used to 10 patients. Clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and periodontal depth of each group were measured and compared before operation and on 2 weeks and 6 weeks after operation. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze result which leads to this conclusion. 1. Whether arch bar is applied or not, treatment of mandlbular fracture gave rise to gingivitis, but 6 weeks after operation, gingivitis is restored to the same level as the state before operation. 2. More severe gingivitis appeared when arch bar is applied to mandibular fracture than when it is not. 3. Both gingival gel used in this study can reduce gingivitis which can be caused by arch bar. 4. In this study, Mastic gel is more effective for prevent gingival inflammation cause by arch bar than nano vitamin. In regard to this result, gingivitis is considered to be available because it is reversible and does not induce periodontal disease. Gingival gel is regarded to be helpful for patients applied by arch bar to feel less discomfort.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to report the effectiveness of complex Korean Medicine treatment for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries with meniscus tear. Four patients were treated with complex Korean Medicine by acupuncture, pharmacopuncture and herbal medication. We evaluated the improvement of knee pain and function by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC Index), EuroQol-5 Dimension Index (EQ-5D Index). After treatment, we found that knee pain was reduced and joint function was improved by NRS and WOMAC index in all cases. In the evaluation of health-related quality of life through EQ-5D index, there was no significant difference in patients with degenerative knee osteoarthritis and severe meniscal injury. This results show that complex Korean Medicine may be an effective option for ACL injuries with meniscus tear. Further clinical studies are needed to clarify the effect of Korean Medicine therapy on ACL injuries with meniscus tear.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of the present study was to determine the incidence of dural tears and predictable factors suggesting dural tears in patients who had lumbar burst fractures with vertical laminar fractures. Methods : A retrospective review was done on thirty-one patients who underwent operative treatment for lumbar burst fractures with vertical laminar fractures between January 2003 and December 2008. All patients were divided into two groups according to existence of dural tears, which were surgically confirmed; 21 patients with dural tears and 10 patients without dural tears. Clinical and radiographic findings were analyzed for their association with dural tears. Results : Among a total of 31 patients, dural tears were detected in 21 (67%) patients. A preoperative neurological deficits and mean separation distances of the edges in laminar fractures were found to be the reliable factors of dural tears (p=0.001 and 0.002, respectively). Decreased ratio of the central canal diameter and interpedicular distance were also the reliable factors suggesting dural tears (p=0.006 and 0.015, respectively). However, dural tears showed no significant association with age, sex, level of injury, absence of a posterior fat pad signal, the angle of retropulsed segment, or site of laminar fracture. Conclusion : Our study of lumbar burst fracture combined laminar fracture revealed that dural tears should be ruled out in cases of a preoperative neurological deficits, wide separation of the laminar fracture, severe canal encroachment, and wider interpedicular distance.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2000

Bromobenzene의 투여 간격에 따라 간손상이 어떠한 차이를 나타내는지를 검토하기 위하여 흰쥐에 체중 1 kg 당 400 mg의 bromobenzene을 복강으로 2일 및 1일 간격으로 각각 3회 투여한 다음 간손상을 병리조직학적, 간기능적 측면에서 검토한 결과2일 간격으로 투여한 실험군에서 간손상이 경미하게 나타났다. 그리고 간조직 중 cytochrome P45O 함량은 2일 간격으로 투여 한 실험군에서는 대조군 보다 증가되는 경향을 보였으나 1일 간격으로 투여 한 경우에는 대조군 보다 오히려 유의한 (p<0.01) 감소를 보였다. 간조직 중 대조군에 대한 glutathione 감소율과 glutathione S-transferase 활성 증가율은 2일 간격으로 bromobenzene을 투여한 군이 1일 간격으로 투여한 실험군 보다 높게 나타났다. 이상 실험 결과는 동일한 양과 회수로서 bromobenzene을 격일로 투여한 실험동물에 있어서 매일 투여한 경우 보다 간손상이 경미하였으며, 이는 bromobenzene의 대사율이 증가됨으로서 나타난 결과로 생각된다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.285-291
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• 1991

여천공단(工團)으로부터 배출되는 오염물질중(汚染物質中) 이산화유황이 공단(工團) 주변(周邊)의 느타리버섯 재배에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 광양 승주 지역에는 느타리버섯 재배(栽培) 기간중(期間中) 100-2700 ppb 의 이산화유황이 수시로 내습하여 자실체(子實體) 생육(生育)에 심(甚)한 피해(被害)를 주었다 . 자실체(子實體)의 생육초기(生育初期)에 300 ppb 이상의 이산화유황에 노출되면 갈변고사(褐變故死)하고 성숙(成熟)한 자실체(子實體)는 버섯의 색택이 청갈색(靑褐色)으로 변색하고 심할때는 사멸(死滅)하였다 . 생육(生育)을 계속한 버섯도 식용(食用)할 수 없거나 상품(商品) 가치(價直)를 상실하였다 . 이산화유황의 피해증상(被害症狀)은 이산화유황이 검출(檢出)된 1일후(後) 부터 발생(發生)하였고 자실체(子實體)의 피해정도(被害程度)는 이산화유황의 농도(濃度)에 따라 달랐고 춘기재배(春期栽培)가 추기재배(秋期栽培)보다 높았고 이것은 이산화유황의 내습빈도와 관련이 있었다 . 느타리버섯 자실체(子實體) 및 배지중(培地中)의 S 함량은 피해지역과 비피해지역간 , 피해버섯과 정상 버섯간에 큰 차이(差異)를 보이지 않았다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2006

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is clinically characterized by pain, abnormal regulation of blood flow and sweating, edema of skin and subcutaneous tissues, sensory and motor disturbances, and trophic changes of the skin. A 21-year-old man was suffering from pain and swelling in his right hand and forearm. His arm had been in splints for 3 weeks following an extension injury of the right fingers and wrist, with the pain having developed 2 weeks after the splinting. He was treated with various nerve blocks including continuous epidural infusion, thoracic sympathetic block and peripheral nerve blocks, and squeezing his edematous region under general anesthesia as well as intravenous lidocaine and ketamine infusions. However, all of the performed treatments had no effect on the patient's pain or hand swelling. As a next line therapy, spinal cord stimulation should be considered because of intractable severe pain and swelling to almost all other modalities of therapy. We therefore performed an early intervention of spinal cord stimulation for the patient with refractory CRPS type I 5 months after the onset of pain and have got an excellent result.