• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6441-6446
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• 2012

Background: Radiation therapy plays an important role in lung carcinoma treatment. However, the incidence of symptomatic radiation-induced lung injury is high. This study aimed to evaluate radioprotective effects of flavonoids extracted from Astragalus complanatus and mechanisms of action against radiation damage. Methods: Alteration in antioxidant status and levles of several cytokines were investigated in BABL/C mice treated with 4 mg/kg b.wt. flavonoids after exposure to 10Gy thoracic radiation. Results: Serum levels of SOD in the flavonoids+radiation group were significantly higher compared to the radiation control group, while TGF-${\beta}1$ and IL-6 were lower. Mice in the radiation control group displayed more severe lung damage compared with the flavonoids+radiation group. The expression of TGF-${\beta}1$ and TNF-${\alpha}$ in the radiation control group was markedly increased in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages of the alveolar septum. Conclusions: From the results of the present study, flavonoids could be excellent candidates as protective agents against radiation-induced lung injury.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.5 s.274
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• pp.376-379
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• 2007

A 51-year-old male was admitted three month previously with a cardiac stab injury and he underwent direct cardiac repair He had no problem after this event. He complained of dyspnea that stalled 2 months after the original injury. Echocardiography showed severe tricuspid regurgitation and so, chordac replacement and ring annuloplasty was performed. Herein we report on a case of tricuspid valve repair for treating tricuspid insufficiency following a cardiac stab injury.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 1997

A clinical review was done of 31 children with blunt liver injury who were admitted to the Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital between 1981 and 1990. Seventeen of the 31 children required laparotomy(11 primary repairs, 4 lobectomies, 2 segmentectomies). There were two deaths after laparotomy, one due to associated severe head injury and another due to multiorgan failure. The remaining 14 children, who were hemodynamically stable after initial resuscitation and who did not have signs of other associated intraabdominal injuries, were managed by nonoperative treatment. Patients were observed in a pediatric intensive care unit for at least 48 hours with repeated abdominal clinical evaluations, laboratory studies, and monitoring of vital signs. The hospital courses in all cases were uneventful and there were no late complication. A follow-up computed tomography of 7 patients showed resolution of the injury in all. The authors believe that, for children with blunt liver injuries, nonoperative management is safe and appropriate if carried out under careful continuous surgical observation in a pediatric intensive care unit.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.39-41
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• 2015

Swelling is a body's natural reaction to foot and ankle injury to mount a healing inflammatory response. To some degree, swelling is necessary for healing and is something that cannot be avoided following injury. However, post-traumatic swelling may have an adverse effect on wound healing and surgery can often be delayed due to preoperative swelling. We report on a unique technique of making multiple meshed stab incisions around the site of injury to reduce soft tissue swelling and promote wound healing.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.80 no.4
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• pp.351-357
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• 2017

In 2011, a cluster of peripartum patients were admitted to the intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in Seoul with signs and symptoms of severe respiratory distress of unknown etiology. Subsequent epidemiological and animal studies suggested that humidifier disinfectant (HD) might represent the source of this pathology. Epidemiological studies, animal studies, and dose-response analysis demonstrated a strong association between HD use and lung injuries. The diagnostic criteria for HD-associated lung injury (HDALI) was defined on the basis of the clinical, pathological, and radiological attributes of the patients. The clinical spectrum of HDALI appears to range from asymptomatic to full-blown acute respiratory failure, and some patients have required actual lung transplantation for survival. The overall mortality of the exposed population was not significant, although peripartum patients and children who were admitted to the intensive care unit did show high mortality rates. Persistent clinical findings such as diffuse ill-defined centrilobular nodules and restrictive lung dysfunction were observed in some of the survivors. The findings of this review emphasize the importance of assessment of the level of toxicity of chemical inhalants utilized in a home setting, as well as the need to identify and monitor afflicted individuals after inhalational injury.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the influence of injury and/or injured area classification on depression in patients with industrial injuries. Methods: The participants comprised438 patients who consented to participate and completed self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN version 22.0 for descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, fisher's exact test, ANOVA, and post-hoc $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing depression. Results: The results indicated that the effect of disease classification and injured areas on depression were significantly different in patients with industrial injuries. The results further showed that severe depression was significantly higher in cardiovascular patients and patients with an injured area of the head and waist. The most powerful predictor was age (50~59 years), return to work (reemployment), disease classification (cardiovascular), and injured area (head, including vascular disease). Conclusion: This study showed that the most influential variable of depression in patients with industrial injuries were cardiovascular issues, injury areas of the head and waist, being aged 50~59 years, and reemployment. To reduce depression in these patients, it is important to develop and implement a psychiatric rehabilitation program that helps patients to formulate a concrete plan and goal for recovery, enabling patients to actively engage in their rehabilitation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.440-443
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• 2022

Spinal accessory nerve (SAN) palsy is typically a result of posterior triangle surgery and can present with partial or complete paralysis of the trapezius muscle and severe shoulder dysfunction. We share an atypical case of a patient who presented with SAN palsy following an injury sustained playing competitive volleyball. A 19-year-old right hand dominant competitive volleyball player presented with right shoulder weakness, dyskinesia, and pain. She injured the right shoulder during a volleyball game 2 years prior when diving routinely for a ball. On physical examination she had weakness of shoulder shrug and a pronounced shift of the scapula when abducting or forward flexing her shoulder greater than 90 degrees. Manual stabilization of the scapula eliminated this shift, so we performed scapulopexy to stabilize the inferior angle of the scapula. At 6 months postoperative, she had full active range of motion of the shoulder. SAN palsy can occur following what would seem to be a routine volleyball maneuver. This could be due to a combination of muscle hypertrophy from intensive volleyball training and stretch sustained while diving for a ball. Despite delayed presentation and complete atrophy of the trapezius, a satisfactory outcome was achieved with scapulopexy.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.114-114
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• 2022

Excessive endogenous endotoxin, especially lipopolysaccharide (LPS) reflux from gastrointestinal (GI) tract to the liver tissue is one of the most serious reasons of severe and acute liver injury which is mainly mediated by Kupffer cell activations. However, there is no clear molecular clues to explain the exact pathophysiological mechanism and effective drugs available till nowadays. We aimed to comprehend the pathophysiological features of LPS-induced liver injury and evaluate the efficacies of potential therapeutic drug, Ga-mi-Yuk-Mi-Jihwang-Tang (GYM), which is composed of herbal plants. GYM remarkably caused to normalize hepatic inflammation and oxidations against LPS-induced liver injury by evidence of serum liver enzymes, histopathological analysis, both hepatic protein and gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide levels, and hepatic tissue levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxyneoneal, respectively. To assess molecular events in the hepatic tissue, we further found hepatic Sirtuin6 (Sirt6) levels were considerably depleted by LPS injection with aberrant alterations of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways, whereas administration with GYM notably exerted to normalize these abnormalities. Our results exhibited that GYM would be one of target drug to diminish hepatic inflammation as well as oxidative stress by regulation of hepatic Sirt6 levels.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1328-1339
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• 2024

Cadmium (Cd) is a prevalent environmental contaminant that poses a potential hazard to the health of both humans and animals. In this study, biosynthesized selenium-enriched Lactobacillus plantarum and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were developed and evaluated for their protective effects against Cd-induced hepatic injury in mice through oral administration for 4 weeks. Cadmium exposure resulted in severe impairment of liver function, as evidenced by increased levels of serum markers of liver injury and, oxidative stress and significant damage to liver tissue, and a notable decrease in the diversity of the intestinal microbiota. Oral administration of Se-enriched L. plantarum (LS) reduced cadmium accumulation in the liver by 49.5% and, restored other cadmium-induced damage markers to normal levels. A comparison of the effects with those of L. plantarum (L) and SeNPs isolated from LS revealed that LS could more effectively alleviate hepatic oxidative stress and reduce the intrahepatic inflammatory responses of the liver, further protecting against cadmium-induced liver injury. These findings suggest that the development of LS may be effective at protecting the liver and intestinal tract from cadmium-induced damage.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.3 s.76
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• pp.464-471
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• 2006

Peripheral nerve injuries are a commonly encountered clinical problem and often result in severe functional deficits. In the present study, the effects of treadmill exercise on neurotrophin expressions and functional recovery following sciatic crushed nerve injury were investigated. Animals were randomly assigned into four groups: the sciatic nerve injury group, the sciatic nerve injury and 3-day-exercise, the sciatic nerve injury and 7-days-exercise, and the sciatic nerve injury and 14-days-exercise groups. Sciatic nerve injury was caused by crushing the right sciatic nerve for 30 s using a surgical clip. A the light-exercise was applied to each of the exercise group over the respective number of days. In the present results, we identified enhanced axonal re-growth in the distal stump of the sciatic nerve 3-14 days after crush injury with treadmill training. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron when cultured from animals with nerve injury and treadmill training showed more enhanced neurite outgrowth than that of sedentary animals. Nerve growth factor (NGF) protein levels in low-intensity treadmill training group were highly induced in the injured sciatic nerves 3, 7 and 14 days after injury compared with sedentary group, and brain-derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF) protein levels in treadmill exercise group were highly induced in the injured sciatic nerve 3 days after injury compared with sedentary group. Then, treadmill exercise increased neurotrophic factors induced in the regenerating nerves. We further demonstrate that motor functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury was promoted by treadmill exercise. Thus, the present data provide a new evidence that treadmill exercise enhanced neurotrophins expression and axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve injury in rats.