• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.5 s.164
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• pp.670-679
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• 2007

Contemporary consumers interested in fashion develop global tastes regarding consumption and senses on how much certain products cost in the global market place. Demand for foreign brands and products produced a new type of e-tailor called surrogate Internet shopping malls. Due to the unfamiliarity of such retailers, consumers may perceive different types of risks and may show different styles of seeking informations. The research interest of this study was to investigate the differences of risk perception and information search between surrogate e-mall shoppers and general e-mall shoppers. In addition, we examined the influence of these two variables on consumer satisfaction. A survey questionnaire was developed. Measures of three types of e-shopping risks (delivery, transaction, service), information search and satisfaction were included. Data from surrogate e-mall consumers and general e-mall consumers were statistically analyzed. Surrogate e-mall shoppers showed a higher level of product delivery risk and customer service risk than general e-mall shoppers. They also spend more time in seeking information before making purchases. Regression analysis showed that perceived risk had significant influence on information search and consumer satisfaction for surrogate e-mall shoppers, whereas for general e-mall shoppers, no significant influence was detected. The findings should assist marketers and academics in their understanding of the surrogate e-shopping malls.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.85-99
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• 2010

This study is to identify the present condition and level of human resource administration in domestic profit and non-profit organizations, and to investigate on the relation between human resource management and management performance in enterprise. This study is to make items related to the human resource management of American Malcolm Baldrige Award's level and management performance researching questions, investigates seven patterns of organs surveyed positively. The results are as follows: Firstly, the profit organs like manufacturing companies shows more positive than non-profit in comparison with human resource management of each organs. And a local government and public enterprise which is non-profit show to recognize human resource management is insufficient on th whole. Secondly, perception level of a medical institution, educational institution and service industry about aromaticity of human resource management by global standard shows to be positive, but the local government negative. Thirdly, the profit organ in the recognition of human resource management about details practice too, shows to be positive, while non-profit negative. Fourth, the result which compares and analyzes management performance between the similar industry overall show to recognize positive, but public enterprise negative about product, service performance and human resource management. Fifthly, the details practice of human resource administration shows to influence meaningly to all management performance. Therefore, all organizations will positively confront human resource management, make the circumstance of organization through systematic program, and promote the management performance of the organization.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.224-232
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• 2008

Sport industry creates value-added by production and distribution of product or service related with sports or sports. Professional sports will lead to major area of sport service industry in the future. The purpose of study is to analyze financial condition and management performance by using financial statement(2005-2007) of korean professional soccer citizen teams. The analysis of financial condition and management performance is executed by financial ratio analysis method. The content of this study involve comparison with standardization ratio and financial ratios among professional soccer citizen teams. The results of this study are as follows. First, liquidity ratio measured by current ratio and quick ratio was high with compared to standardization ratio. Second, leverage ratio measured by debt ratio was very high. Third, activity ratio was good condition. Finally, profitability ratio was very low having minus ratio generally.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.137-149
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• 2002

This study was made to investigate the differences in Korean woman's perceived makeup image and self-consciousness according to their expectation level in socio-psychological effect of makeup, and to gather information needed for the better understanding of cosmetics consumers and more effective marketing activities of cosmetics industries. Normative-descriptive survey method using questionnaire was employed for the present study. The survey was conducted in August 2001 and the sample consisted of 942 women between the ages of 18 and 50 residing in Seoul and Kyungi province. Data were analyzed by SPSS package. Factor analysis, ANOVA, and MANOVA were employed for the analysis of the data. The results are as follows : (1) Six factors emerged from the data related to the category of expected socio-psychological effect of makeup. Those factors were named as "increasing positiveness", "refreshment", "covering weakness", "self-expression", "consideration for others", and "the tool for self-change". Four factors were found in the category of makeup image, and the factors were named as "refinement", "nobility", "favorable impression ", and "personality ". (2) There was a tendency that those who highly expect the socio-psychological effect of makeup have more positive self-image. Considering this differences in self-image according to the level of expected socio-psychological effect of makeup. service activities for the consumers' positive opinion and attitude to the effect of makeup are needed, and it seems that those service activities will have a good influence on the consumers' emotional health. (3) Subjects with higher level of social anxiety showed higher expectations in refreshment, covering weakness and self-expression. Considering this trend, marketers have to make an constant effort for the variety of cosmetics and makeup manner by which consumers satisfy their expectation in makeup. It seems that the satisfaction of their expectation on the help of makeup effect will contribute to lessen social anxiety, and to get emotional stability. (4) Subjects with higher personal self-anxiety showed higher expectations of the effect. "increase of positiveness". Therefore, if the product advertisement imply the content of increasing positiveness effect of makeup, it might appeal more easily to their consumers.imply the content of increasing positiveness effect of makeup, it might appeal more easily to their consumers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.8
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• pp.100-117
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• 2010

The cosmetics industry is executing the experiential marketing strategy, which focuses the brand experiential experience for the connection with consumers and differentiated strategy for the company's brand image, according to the expansion of quality service, which increasingly consume a diverse experience. Among these, the low-priced cosmetics market is trying a variety of experiential marketing to provide positive experience of their product and their brand through a unique service or event to stimulate the motions of young woman, who are changing rapidly, and is actively utilizing the means of marketing to form brand equity for these experiential marketing. Therefore, this study is to find out the effect of customer experiential on the brand equity through a variety of experiential marketing of low-priced cosmetics brand and based on the result, we were able to find out that the experiential marketing is also used as important means of marketing for low-priced cosmetics market to secure the brand equity and to maintain long-term relationship with the customer. This is expected to provide strategic and practical implications to the cosmetic marketing managers for customer management and this will recognize the importance of customer experiential in cosmetic marketing and suggest proper marketing strategy plan. In this study, the multiple regression analysis was mainly uses to find out the influence between the variables for low-cost cosmetic brand but we're hoping to execute a study, which directly and indirectly covers the complete path by using the various parameters, which can be effected on the brand equity.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2016

Objectives : This study aims to investigate the current situation of domestic patents in Korea on natural products and to provide directions for developing and applying herbal medicinal products by in-depth analyses. Methods : Combinations of words, such as "A61K" or "A61P", "herb" or "Korean medicinal herb" or "Korean medicine" or "traditional" or "natural" or "$botanic^*$" or "China", and "medicine" or "treatment" or "prevention" or "improvement", were used to search patents in the World Intellectual Property Service (WIPS) database. Three methods were applied to analyze natural products patents. First, the number of patent registrations was sorted by year. Second, the assignees were analyzed by count and country of origin. Finally, cluster map analysis was conducted to explore frequently emerging words in natural products and the relationship amongst those words to treat corresponding diseases/technologies. Results : Results showed that, first, the total number of patents had been increasing. Among the patents, 76.4% were registered by domestic institutes/companies, and 23.6% by foreign institutes/companies. Second, USA, Japan, and China possess a considerable number of Korean patents and, therefore, domestic institutes/companies can seek joint technological development opportunities with their counterparts from those countries in the future. Finally, a total of four clusters were identified by cluster map analysis. Each of the clusters includes natural products related to diseases involving skin, aging, and blood sugar, as well as adult diseases. Conclusions : In this study, natural products patents registered in the Korean Intellectual Property Office were analyzed. The analyses results showed the kinds of natural products that had been employed for the treatment of certain diseases. However, natural products included in existing patents were minimal given that 4,174 species of indigenous plants are found in Korea. Thus, Korean institutes/companies should utilize unexplored plants to develop more value-added drugs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.459-467
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• 2018

This study aim to analyze the factors affecting technical support input and performance of companies benefiting from ICT SME technology support operated by ETRI. In order to analyze the data, we surveyed 181 companies who received technical support between 2015 and 2017, and analyzed the relationship between input factors and performance factors through path analysis. As a result of the study, it was found that the service quality was directly influenced on the improvement of technology level, and the cost reduction effect was influenced by the amount of support, the year of support, and the service quality. Also, input factors affecting contribution sales are the amount of support, and the support year and quality of support services are not effective. Finally, as a result of examining the effect of technological and economic performance on job creation, it is found that the effect of job creation increases as the contribution sales increase.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to estimate economic value of document delivery services(DDS) at foreign journal supporting center in K University library. For this study, Bass diffusion model, which is widely used in forecasting, especially new product and new service forecasting, was adopted. User survey was also carried out from September 10 to 20, 2007. As a result, useful value(UV) of DDS is estimated about not less than 2,000,000,000 won, and willingness to pay(WTP) is estimated about less than 2,000,000,000 won. This study, economic value analysis at foreign journal supporting center, was limited to DDS, and used methodology for the study is also limited to UV and WTP. Demographic analysis(i.e., sex, age, occupation, educational level) for UV and WTP is also conducted.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.519-526
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• 2016

As marine accidents happen frequently, it is required to establish a marine traffic monitoring system, which is designed to improve the safety and efficiency of navigation in VTS (Vessel Traffic Service). For this aim, recently, X-band marine radar is used for extracting the sea surface information and, it is necessary to retrieve wave information correctly and provide for the safe and efficient movement of vessel traffic within the VTS area. In this paper, three different current estimation algorithms including the classical least-squares (LS) fitting, a modified iterative least-square fitting routine and a normalized scalar product of variable current velocities are compared with buoy data and then, the iterative least-square method is modified to estimate wave information by improving the initial current velocity. Through several simulations with radar signals, it is shown that the proposed method is effective in retrieving the wave information compared to the conventional methods.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.335-346
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• 2020

Background: Nursing service is a nonroutine work with an excessive physical load and diverse tasks. This study derived representative common tasks based on the frequently occurring tasks with a high physical load in the nursing workers' daily work and developed indicators to evaluate the work risk by reflecting the characteristics of nonroutine work. Methods: Common tasks were classified through the following stages: literature review, first focus group interview (FGI) with experts, first classification of common tasks, second FGI with hospital health managers, a survey of nursing service workers, and the final classification of common tasks for each task type. To develop an objective risk index for physical load assessment, we investigated the frequency and duration of the derived common tasks via survey. Results: Nursing common tasks were categorized into six task types and 56 subtasks. To evaluate the risks of various tasks in nonroutine works, three frequencies and three working time levels were defined by examining the task frequency and working hours. Exposure time was defined to reflect the characteristics of a nonroutine job. The final risk assessment was the product of the exposure time level and job intensity level. From this, four risk action levels were derived. Conclusion: This study has the advantage of solving the problem of focusing on some tasks in evaluating the physical load. It was meaningful in that a new risk assessment index based on exposure time was proposed based on the development of an evaluation scale for frequency and time by reflecting the characteristics of nonroutine work.