• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.287-300
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• 2005

The globalization of services is closely related to other economic problems facing the world today. These are: 1) the globalization of economic activities, 2) the servicization of economic activities. The world economy is now move interconnected than at any time in its history. Investment decisions, production processes, labor market regulations and even environmental legislation made by one country or company affect other economies, other companies and the lives of individuals. In fact, it is nearly impossible to think of a country that is not connected to the world economy in some form or another and it is no exaggeration to state that globalization is already an unassailable fact. The fabric of our economy and the way we do business are changing. This change is the transformation from a marketplace on goods to one focused on services. That is to say, we live and work in a service-centered, service-sensitive economy. As a result of the globalization an servicization of economic activities, services require the globalization, and services are increasing their international trade, foreign investment, agreements, alliances, mergers and collaboration networks. It is quite obvious that services are affected by globalization ; but raising the question by how much leads us to the paradox of service globalization, services represent 70% of the most advances economies but only account for less than 25% of international trade and almost half of direct investment; mergers and takeovers. These figures create a paradox that can be explained by two reasons. First; the natural(the service relationship) and artificial difficulties(barriers to trade) faced by the service sector that inhibits globalization. Second, the non-inclusion in official statistics of the share of internationalized goods that are due to services, for example intra-firm trade or the service value incorporated into exported goods. If these were taken into account the service trade figures would be extremely different. The first explanation can be subdivided into a number of elements. The OECD identifies six reasons:services cannot be stored; client-supplies interaction requires local presence; most service firms are SEMs; products are highly differentiated; cultural differences are especially important in this field; and, finally, trade barriers and restrictions on local operations exist. However, despite all of this, globalization produces clear advantages to suppliers. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the main forms of service globalization and differences between that of goods, and is to identify distinctive aspects of service globalization within the framework of the global economy.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.423-436
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• 2017

This study examines the level of port service quality based on $Gr{\ddot{o}}nroos$(1984)'s Two-Dimensional Model: we investigated service-environment quality and service-delivery quality, and added service-product quality as a process quality. This study focused on a service user like a llner, forwarder, shipper, or a logistics firm using port service in the Port of Busan. We investigated relationships among the following vairables: service quality, customer satisfaction and port image; we also analyzed the path coefficients using Smart-PLS 3.0. The results and suggestions of this study are summarized as follows. First, all of the service quality variables influenced customer satisfaction but service-delivery quality didn't have an impact on port image. Secondly, there is correlation between customer satisfaction and port image; customer satisfaction had a positive effect with port image. Lastly, customer satisfaction and port image influenced the Relation Continuity Intention.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-28
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• 2022

In recent years, many Internet giants have begun providing their own content services, which attract online users by offering personalized services based on artificial intelligence technologies. This study investigates the role of two firms' content services within the firms' online service network. We examine the role of Naver Webtoon, which can be characterized as a professional-generated content, within Naver's service portfolio, and that of Google YouTube, which can be characterized as a user-generated content, within Google's service portfolio. Using survey data on viewers' use of the two services, we analyze a valued directed service network, where a node denotes an online service and a relationship between two nodes denotes a sequential use of two services. We found that both Webtoon and YouTube show higher out-degree centrality than in-degree centrality, which implies these content services are more likely to be starting services rather than arriving services within the firms' interactive network. The gap between the out-degree and in-degree centrality of YouTube is much smaller than that of Webtoon. The high centrality of YouTube, a user-generated content service, within the Google service network shows that YouTube's initial role of providing specific-content videos (e.g., entertainment) has expanded into a general search service for users.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.41-57
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• 2013

As the usage of SNS has grown dramatically over the last years, it has been used in various sectors not just a tool for communication. In particular, corporate companies actively use Facebook as a tool for corporate marketing. Corporate companies communicate with their customers by providing service or events information. In this study, empirical analysis was carried out on corporate companies that are using Facebook as a marketing tool, thus finding out the influencing factors in continued usage of Facebook Fan Page users. In addition, analysis of the factors will be investigated according to continued usage of the users, where the user's intention will differ depending on how corporate companies operate and deal with the Facebook Fan Page. Factors affecting the user's satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and perceived playfulness were deducted through the analysis of the existing literature study on corporate company's continued intention on the usage of Facebook Fan Page. Accordingly, factor affecting this such as relationship, speed, content diversity, which are the media characteristics of the Facebook were deducted and finally hypothesized. In addition, the type of corporate company's Facebook Fan Page was divided into event type, communication type, information service type. And hence investigated the factors that differed from the continued usage depending on the type. Results analysis shows that perceived usefulness affected only relationship, speed, content diversity. Furthermore, analysis shows that corporate company's Fan Page of communication and event types are the factors that affect the usage intention which meant it only affected the perceived enjoyment. On the basis of this study, we are able to present an implication of value where corporate company use it as a marketing tool, through factors from continued usage of coroporate company's Facebook Fan Page users.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.149-172
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• 2009

Service industries nowadays have become the subject of a scientific research. However, unlike research on manufacturing, there has not yet been a broader presentation of important aspects theoretically and methodologically. The importance of service sector in both national and global economies has grown significantly. An active participation of service industries in the internationalization process, notably by licensing and FDI, has occurred over time. But a few sub-sectors still dominate on this process, for example, financial institutions such as banks, securities, and insurance as well as producer services in advertising and accounting. On the other hand, personal services that are owned by small- and medium- sized firm have limited capabilities in their transnational transfer. This paper attempts to examine various factors influencing decisions for these small- and medium- sized Korean beauty firms in entering to the foreign markets. Determining factors for these firms in the engagement of internationalization depends largely on competitive advantages in both domestic and host countries, and they may be different from those in the sub-sectors mentioned above. Based on previous researches, i identified three categories of independent variables(characteristics of firms, managers, and competition) that can influence decisions to enter to the foreign markets. Seven hypotheses have been tested by using a sample of beauty firms in Daegu city and Kyungbuk province. The results show that the intention of these firms to enter to the foreign markets is significantly influenced by the factors of the innovative character of CEO's, the competitiveness of firms, and size of firms.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2016

In today's knowledge economy, various schemes are being devised in order to attain knowledge and understanding in the most effective ways possible. In an office environment, spatial concepts that encourage 'smart working' is becoming more prevalent; therefore allocating of space according to the types of work being performed, ways to maximise the work efficiency, and furniture arrangement to accelerate liaison among the users are being carefully considered. Especially in a space where its members are encouraged to communicate and collaborate, the furniture within that space need to be attractive and practical for its users, as well as efficient and effective for the firm the service is being provided for. In this study, we aim to offer furniture design service that satisfies such demands of the present time. Thus, instead of merely following a standard design process in which one approaches a project from design planes to an outcome, various aspects of the working environment will be considered such as the relationship between the space and the users, their needs, and the features of work being performed within the space. After attentive research and analysis, the results will be put into production from the user's point of view in mind. This study is intended to propose furniture design that embodies the characteristics of integrated working environment that can facilitate efficient use of the limited working space, productivity among the users, and promoting valuable corporate culture.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.83-93
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• 2014

Telemedicine is performed at a place far away from medical practice with physicians and patients by the means of communication appropriately. It will be identified in general the remote medical service to deliver the medical information and also defined as any action by interactive information communication technology. Medical services can be said to be fused as television, communication, computer, engineering of various technologies of information and communication applications. If doctors can not be reached due to distances away from the patient, Information technologies could be used to get medical information and to give expert advice provided by the system remotely. And it could be used patient care as well as medical administration, medical education, professional advice and consulting. In this paper, we take a look at the legal requirements of telemedicine for improving regulatory in the current law to investigate the matter.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.65-93
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• 2011

As relationship between buyer and seller has been brought closer and long-term relationship has been more important in B2B markets, the importance of service and service convenience increases as well as product. In homogeneous markets, where service offerings are similar and therefore not key competitive differentiator, providing greater convenience may enable a competitive advantage. Service convenience, as conceptualized by Berry et al. (2002), is defined as the consumers' time and effort perceptions related to buying or using a service. For this reason, B2B customers are interested in how fast the service is provided and how much save non-monetary cost like time or effort by the service convenience along with service quality. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the impact of service convenience on relationship factors such as relationship satisfaction, relationship commitment, and relationship performance. The purpose of this study is to find out whether service convenience can be a new antecedent of relationship quality and relationship performance. In addition, this study tries to examine how five-dimensional service convenience constructs (decision convenience, access convenience, transaction convenience, benefit convenience, post-benefit convenience) affect customers' relationship satisfaction, relationship commitment, and relationship performance. The service convenience comprises five fundamental components - decision convenience (the perceived time and effort costs associated with service purchase or use decisions), access convenience(the perceived time and effort costs associated with initiating service delivery), transaction convenience(the perceived time and effort costs associated with finalizing the transaction), benefit convenience(the perceived time and effort costs associated with experiencing the core benefits of the offering) and post-benefit convenience (the perceived time and effort costs associated with reestablishing subsequent contact with the firm). Earlier studies of perceived service convenience in the industrial market are none. The conventional studies that have dealt with service convenience have usually been made in the consumer market, or they have dealt with convenience aspects in the service process. This service convenience measure for consumer market can be useful tool to estimate service quality in B2B market. The conceptualization developed by Berry et al. (2002) reflects a multistage, experiential consumption process in which evaluations of convenience vary at each stage. For this reason, the service convenience measure is good for B2B service environment which has complex processes and various types. Especially when categorizing B2B service as sequential stage of service delivery like Kumar and Kumar (2004), the Berry's service convenience measure which reflect sequential flow of service deliveries suitable to establish B2B service convenience. For this study, data were gathered from respondents who often buy business service and analyzed by structural equation modeling. The sample size in the present study is 119. Composite reliability values and average variance extracted values were examined for each variable to have reliability. We determine whether the measurement model supports the convergent validity by CFA, and discriminant validity was assessed by examining the correlation matrix of the constructs. For each pair of constructs, the square root of the average variance extracted exceeded their correlations, thus supporting the discriminant validity of the constructs. Hypotheses were tested using the Smart PLS 2.0 and we calculated the PLS path values and followed with a bootstrap re-sampling method to test the hypotheses. Among the five dimensional service convenience constructs, four constructs (decision convenience, transaction convenience, benefit convenience, post-benefit convenience) affected customers' positive relationship satisfaction, relationship commitment, and relationship performance. This result means that service convenience is important cue to improve relationship between buyer and seller. One of the five service convenience dimensions, access convenience, does not affect relationship quality and performance, which implies that the dimension of service convenience is not important factor of cumulative satisfaction. The Cumulative satisfaction can be distinguished from transaction-specific customer satisfaction, which is an immediate post-purchase evaluative judgment or an affective reaction to the most recent transactional experience with the firm. Because access convenience minimizes the physical effort associated with initiating an exchange, the effect on relationship satisfaction similar to cumulative satisfaction may be relatively low in terms of importance than transaction-specific customer satisfaction. Also, B2B firms focus on service quality, price, benefit, follow-up service and so on than convenience of time or place in service because it is relatively difficult to change existing transaction partners in B2B market compared to consumer market. In addition, this study using partial least squares methods reveals that customers' satisfaction and commitment toward relationship has mediating role between the service convenience and relationship performance. The result shows that management and investment to improve service convenience make customers' positive relationship satisfaction, and then the positive relationship satisfaction can enhance the relationship commitment and relationship performance. And to conclude, service convenience management is an important part of successful relationship performance management, and the service convenience is an important antecedent of relationship between buyer and seller such as the relationship commitment and relationship performance. Therefore, it has more important to improve relationship performance that service providers enhance service convenience although competitive service development or service quality improvement is important. Given the pressure to provide increased convenience, it is not surprising that organizations have made significant investments in enhancing the convenience aspect of their product and service offering.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.61-83
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• 2012

PMO has gained much interest as an approach to lowering project failure rates. PMO implementation is, however, not an easy endeavor. Many studies have reported that a significant number of PMOs were seen as contributing little to project performance. Local organizations are more likely to be exposed to the failure risk as they tend to heavily depend upon outsourced PMO services. We believe that it is essential for ordering organizations to collaborate with the PMO service firm to come up with a proper PMO governance prior to its implementation. This study is to empirically investigate the effects of PMO governance upon PMO performance and the effects of ordering organization's project readiness upon PMO governance. The study result shows that a proper organizational structure and a properly defined role and responsibility may enhance the PMO performance. And, a correct awareness about PMO and a project management capability were found to be contributing to the appropriateness of PMO governance.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.103-111
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• 2008

While the demand for ASP(Application Service Provider) focused on small and medium enterprises who are fully aware of needs of ICT readiness has been increasing, those who consider to adopt ASP are wondering whether their performance would be actually successful if they did. These concerns can be an important standard of judgement, when introducing new information systems, by analyzing ROI(Return on Investment) on the current enterprises. Therefore, to review the feasibility of investing IT and measuring the performance, this study suggests a framework for ROI analysis which estimates IT investment performance, through multi-criteria approach on both financial performance index and non-financial one. We applied methodology on ASP-based IT investment performance evaluation to sample manufacturing companies under 50 employees and deduced the main implications to be considered when introducing the system.