• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.449-453
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• 2014

A 2-year-old, intact male, Persian exotic cat, weighing 2 kg with a history of a palpated abdominal mass was admitted to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University. On routine complete blood count (CBC) and serum biochemical analyses, there were anemia and 0.45 of albumin to globulin ratio. A feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus antibody test kit was negative. Radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) were performed. A markedly enlarged abdominal mass was found. On cytologic examination of this mass, it was diagnosed as alimentary lymphoma or pyogranulomatous inflammation. Chemotherapeutic treatment for intestinal lymphoma was provided for several weeks, but the mass size was increased and clinical signs were not improved. The cat died six days after discontinuing chemotherapy. On postmortem examination, the definitive diagnosis was FIP. This case describes a cat with FIP in which an abdominal tumor had been suspected clinically.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.418-425
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• 2002

Estrus was induced in 13 anestrus Korea Jin-do bitches by intramuscular injection of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) in a dose of 500 lU once daily for ten consecutive days, followed by an additional single intraveneous injection of 1,000 lU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the tenth day. Day-changes of vaginal epithelial cells during the hormone treatment were investigated in each experimental bitches and compared with the those of spontaneous estrus bitches. The first days of vulval bleeding and male acceptance after PMSG treatment were on Day 6.0$\pm$ 1.5 (mean$\pm$ SD) and Day 9.0$\pm$ 1.9, respectively. And in all of 13 bitches, vulval swelling and perineal reflex were shown. The mean durations of proestrus and estrus were 2.9$\pm$ 1.4 (mean$\pm$ SD, range ; 1-6) and 11.5: 1.7 (range ; 8-14) days, respectively, that is, duration of proestrus was significantly shorter than that of the spontneous estrous bitches but duration of estrus was longer than that of the spontaneous estrous bitches. Characteristic features of vaginal cytology during the estrous cycle were the high proportions of large intermediate cell, superficial cell, anuclear cell and erythrocyte in proestrus, superficial cell and anuclear cell in estrus and parabasal cell, small intermediate, large intermediate cell, and leukocyte in diestrus, respectively. The comification index (Cl) was significantly high proportion in proestrus and estrus, when Day 0 was timed from the first day of male acceptance, the Cl was first increased above 80% on Day 0 and maintained above 80% until Day 0 to Day 5 during 6 days and showed a peak on Day 2. Also it was maintained above 90% until Day 2 to Day 3 during 2 days. These results indicated that all 13 ekperimental bitches showed positive estrus detection by the estrus behavior and vaginal smear test after treated with PMSG and hCC. It suggested that vaginal cytology was used to estimate the optimal mating and ovulation time, in consideration of the day when the Cl was maintained above 80% in estrus-induced Korea Jin-do bitches.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.314-317
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• 2011

A 16-year-old, spayed female, Maltese dog weighing 4.3 kg was presented with a 2-week history of yellowish nose-and oral-discharge, anorexia and lethargy. In physical examination, indefinite ulcerative mass about $3{\times}3$ cm in size in the left sublingual region, severe gingivoperiodontitis, halitosis, moderate dental calculus, fever and swelling of mandible soft tissue were noted. In radiographic view, periodontitis and bone lysis findings on the left rostral part of maxilla and mandible were observed. In complete blood count and blood chemistry test, thrombocytosis, increased levels of serum $NH_3$, AST and ALP were obtained. Urinalysis revealed hematuria and proteinuria. In histological examination, squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed. No surgery was performed, but combined treatment with carboplatin and piroxicam was initiated. Five days after initiation of medication, because of insistent vomiting, piroxicam was substituted to meloxicam. Although the therapeutic efficacy of meloxicam could not be known; administration of meloxicam might be less potential to gastrointestinal side-effects than piroxicam. The dog totally received 3 times of carboplatin infusion. Five days after third infusion of carboplatin, the dog was hospitalized with severe lethargy, vomiting and bloody diarrhea. In examination, severe renal failure signs were noted, and the dog was euthanized.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.107-117
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• 1998

The cultivation for development of Ascaris suum from the second-stage larvae($L_2$) embryonated egg and the third-stage of rat-derived larvae($L_3$) recovered from lung of rats were performed to use the screening test of anthelmintics in vitro. The preparations of larvae for cultivation were that the artificially-hatched $L_2$ incubated the embryonated eggs of Ascaris suum in 0.1% formalin solution at $25^{\circ}C$ for 28 days and the rat-derived larvae($L_3$) recovered from the lung of rat infected with the embryonated eggs of Ascaris suum on 7 days after infection(DAI). The cultivation for development of Ascaris suum from the embryonated eggs($L_2$) and the rat-derived larvae($L_3$) for 14 days in RPMI medium 1640(with 5% bovine calf serum) were as follows : 1. The sizes of the liberated larvae($L_2$) which were artificially hatched from embryonated eggs with glass beads(diameter 5mm) were $190{\sim}250{\mu}m$ on 1 days in culture(DIC). The second-stage larvae were molted into third-stage larvae(early $L_3$; $250{\sim}300{\mu}m$) and the features of these larvae were first observed such as cephalic cuticle, esophageal lumen and anus etc. on 5 DIC and the sizes of late third-stage larvae were $250{\sim}450{\mu}m$ on 10 DIC. The sizes of early fourth-stage larvae($L_4$) were $500{\sim}700{\mu}m$ and the features of these larvae were more pronounced in internal organs on 15 DIC. 2. The sizes of third-stage larvae($L_3$) recovered from the lung of rats were $1,340{\sim}1,370{\mu}m$ and the feartures of cephalic cuticle, esophageal lumen, intestine, rectum, anus were visualized by inverted microscope on 1 DIC. The fourth-stage larva($L_4$) completed by third ecdysis were recognizable and sizes of early fourth-stage larvae were developed as $1,400{\sim}2,200{\mu}m$ on 5 DIC. The sizes of middle fourth-stage of larva were $1,900{\sim}2,300{\mu}m$ and the thickened epithelial rectum was observed on 10 DIC. The rectum and anus of late fourth-stage larva($L_4$ $2,500{\sim}3,200{\mu}m$) had developed completely in RPMI medium 1640 on 15 DIC.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1184-1187
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• 1996

A simple and rapid detection system for $aflatoxin\;M_1\;(AFM_1)$ in cow's milk by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed. Specific antibodies against $AFM_1$, conjugated to bovine serum albumin $(AFM_1-BSA)$ were raised in rabbits and purified. The cross-reactivities of the antibodies against aflatoxin analogs were less than 29.9%. When a competitive direct ELISA (cdELISA) for $AFM_1$, established by use of the antibodies was applied to the spike test of $AFM_1$ onto uncontaminated cow's milk, the assay recovery was unstable unless cow's milk was diluted to 40% (2:3) with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). In that condition of sample dilution, the mean ELISA recovery of $AFM_1$, from the cow's milk was 113% (coefficient of variation (CV) of each recovery percentage, 8.2%) in the range of $0.3{\sim}3.0\;ppb$. These results showed that the ELISA system could be a convenient tool to monitor the contamination of AFM1 more than 0.5 ppb in cow's milk (FDA allowance limit) easily.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.355-360
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• 1999

Triflusal is a new antithrombotic agent which inhibits both platelet cyclooxygenase and c-AMP phosphodiesterase activity. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two triflusal capsules, $Disgren^{TM}$ (Myung-In Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and $Tigriri^{TM}$ (Hana Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Eighteen normal male volunteers, $22.94{\pm}1.83$ in age and $63.7l{\pm}10.43$ kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized $2{\times}2$ cross-over study was employed. After one capsule containing 300 mg of triflusal was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of triflusal in serum were determined using HPLC method with UV detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t$ $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in $AUC_t$ $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ between two capsules were -0.30%, 0.81 % and -3.03%, respectively when calculated against the $Disgren_{TM}$ capsule. The powers $(1-{\beta})$ for $AUC_t$ $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ were 98.29%,84.73% and 81.02%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences $({\Delta})$ at ${\alpha}=0.1$ and $1-{\beta}=0.8$ were all less than 20% (e.g., 12.91%, 18.46% and 19.65% for $AUC_t$ $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ respectively). The 90% confid,ence intervals were all within ${\pm}20%$(e.g., $-8.97{\sim}8.37$, $-11.58{\sim}13.22$ and $-16.23{\sim}10.17$ for $AUC_t$ $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$, respectively). All of the above parameters ($1-{\beta}, {\Delta}$ and 90% confidence intervals) met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that $Tigriri^{TM}$ capsule is bioequivalent to $Disgren^{TM}$ capsule.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.213-218
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• 2000

Ondansetron is a potent, highly selective 5-hydroxytryptamine3(5-HT3) receptor- antagonist, for the management of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiography, and the treatment of post-operative nausea and vomiting. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two ondansetron tablets, $Zofran^{TM}$, (Glaxo Wellcome Korea Ltd.) and Hana ondansetron (Hana Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Eighteen normal male volunteers, $23.56{\pm}1.79$ year in age and $67.35{\pm}8.35\;kg$ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized $2{\times}2$ cross-over study was employed. After one tablet containing 8 mg of ondansetron was orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of ondansetron in serum were determined using HPLC with UV detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ between two tablets were 7.53%, -0.23% and -3.92%, respectively when calculated against the $Zofran^{TM}$, tablet. The powers $(1-{\beta})$ for $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$ were above 99.00%, above 99.00% and 84.99%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences $(\Delta)\;at\;{\alpha}=0.1\;and\;1-{\beta}=0.8$ were all less than 20% (e.g., 12.25%, 10.88% and 18.37% for $AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were all within ${\pm}20%$ (e.g., $-0.70{\sim}15.76,\;-7.53{\sim}7.08\;and\;-16.27{\sim}8.42\;for\;AUC_t,\;C_{max}\;and\;T_{max}$, respectively). All of the above parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Hana ondansetron tablet is bioequivalent to $Zofran^{TM}$, tablet.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.413-419
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• 2008

Carvedilol, is a nonselective $\beta$-blocking agent and it also has vasodilating properties that are attributed mainly to its blocking activity at ${\alpha}_1$-receptors. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two carvedilol tablets, $Dilatrend^{(R)}$ tablet 12.5 mg (Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Cadilan tablet 12.5 mg (KyungDong Pharmaceutical. Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The release of carvedilol from the two carvedilol formulations in vitro was tested using KP VIII Apparatus II method with pH 4.5 dissolution medium. Thirty two healthy male subjects, $25.00{\pm}3.09$ years in age and $70.71{\pm}11.35\;kg$ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized $2{\times}2$ cross-over study was employed. After a single tablet containing 12.5 mg as carvedilol was orally administered, blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of carvedilol in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar in the tested dissolution medium. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and untransformed $T_{max}$. The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the reference drug, $Dilatrend^{(R)}$ tablet 12.5 mg, were 4.66%, 8.33% and -7.45% for $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 (e.g., $\log\;0.9823{\sim}\log\;1.1042$ and $\log\;1.0132{\sim}\log\;1.1875$ for $AUC_t$ and $C_{max}$, respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA bioequivalence guideline were satisfied, indicating Cadilan tablet 12.5 mg was bioequivalent to $Dilatrend^{(R)}$ tablet 12.5 mg.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.885-888
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• 2002

Prevalence of food allergic disease was examined by identifying the most common foods implicated in allergic reactions in Korea. Patients were subjected to test determining the amount of specific IgE antibody in serum against food allergens by CAP system. A total 9054 CAP analyses on egg white, egg yolk, cow milk, ${\alpha}-lactalbumin,\;{\beta}-lactoglobulin$, casein, wheat, rice, buckwheat, soybean, peach, crab, shrimp, pork, beef, chicken, tuna, salmon, mackerel, and food mix were undertaken. The results were considered to be positive when CAP value was same and/or greater than +2 (0.7 U/mL). Positive results of CAP analyses were 11.3% (1022/9054 cases), consisting of 336 on egg white, 266 on cow milk, 95 on egg yolk, 76 on soybean, 69 on ${\alpha}-lactalbumin$, 61 on casein, 58 on ${\beta}-lactoglobulin$, 39 on buckwheat, 12 on wheat, 3 on beef, 2 on crab, and 1 on rice, shrimp, pork, chicken or mackerel, and 0 on peach, tuna or food mix. Egg, cow milk, soybean, buckwheat, and wheat were identified as the most common allergic foods in Korea, showing an average of two different food sources for allergy per patient.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2005

Objective : The present study was carried out to investigate the preventive effect of Several Herb-combind Prescription(SHP) on Streptozotocin (STZ) -induced Diabetes mellitus. Methods : SHP was given to rats with the combination of oral administration and herbal-acupuncture stimulation. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups : normal group of rats, control group of STZ-induced diabetic rats, sample group with SHP treatment. In vitro test of SHP showed ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition, DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Experimental diabetes was induced by the injection of STZ(60mg/kg) to the rat via the peritoneum. The effect of SHP on STZ-induced diabetes was observed by measuring the seum level of insulin, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and lipid peroxides. Hepatic activities of catalase and reduced glutathione were examined and insulin granule was observed by immunohistochemical examination. Result : STZ caused hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia by a selectively destroying pancreatic ${\beta}$-cell. SHP treatment protected them from the hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia. STZ induced increase of serum triglyceride lowered by SHP treatment. And by SHP treatment, pancrease showed a big area with positive immuno-reactivity for presence of insulin with many insulin granules distributed in the ${\beta}$-cells in the islets of Langerhans. Contusions : The SHP treatment showed protective effect on diabetic rat model, and action mechanism of the effect was thought to be concerned with anti-oxidative stress.