• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2021

Background: Humidifier disinfectant is a biocidal product used in the water tanks of humidifiers to prevent the growth of microorganisms. Although there are a huge number of cases of reported humidifier disinfectant-related health effects across the entire Korean population, their numbers are distributed differently depending on the region. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the regional distribution of enrollment cases who reported humidifier disinfectant-related health effects. Methods: This study used data on 6,240 subjects who experienced humidifier disinfectant-related health effects and who enrolled their cases which is conducted by the Korea Ministry of Environment. We examined the regional distribution of the enrolled cases based on sixteen administrative divisions and assessed the: 1) crude number; 2) proportional rate; and 3) age-standardized proportional rate of enrollment by region. Results: When we examined the crude number of enrollments by region, the highest number were in Gyeonggi-do Province (n=1,896), followed in order by Seoul (n=1,405), Incheon (n=436) Busan, Daegu, Gyeongsangnam-do Province, Daejeon, Chungcheongnam-do Province, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province, Jeollabuk-do Province, Gwangju, Chungcheongbuk-do Province, Gangwon-do Province, Jeollanam-do Province, Ulsan, and Jeju-do. When we examined proportional rate of the regional enrollment (cases per 100,000 population), Daejeon (n=16.2) was the region with the highest rate, followed in order by Gyeonggi-do Province (n=16.1), Incheon-do Province (n=15.9), Seoul, Daegu, Gwangju, Jeollabuk-do Province, Chungcheongnam-do Province, Busan, Chungcheongbuk-do Province, Gangwon-do Province, Gyeongsanbuk-do Province, Gyeongsangnam-do Province, Ulsan, Jeju-do, and Jeollanam-do Province, which is inconsistent with the order in terms of crude numbers. However, when we examined the age-standardized proportional rate of regional enrollment (cases per 100,000 population), their ranked distribution is consistent with the crude rate. Conclusions: This study observed that the regional distribution of the enrolled cases who reported humidifier disinfectant-related health effects is inconsistent with the regional distribution of the proportional rate of enrollment cases, which may be caused in part by the volume of the inherent population of each region.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide policy directions for air pollution reduction by analyzing the variation in the characteristics of air contaminants around the Gyeonggi Province area. Methods: The data used in the study was obtained from air quality monitoring stations operated by the Gyeonggi Provincial Government. The target area was the air quality management area of the Gyeonggi Province region. Results: The concentration of $PM_{10}$ (particles measuring $10{\mu}m$ or less) in 2009 was $60{\mu}g/m^3$, which has been reduced by about 2.7% per year after improvement countermeasures were emplaced. The air pollution control policy was especially more effective for coarse particulate matter (CPM, $PM_{10-2.5}$). The improvement of $NO_2$ pollution was generally very low, especially in cities which had considerable automobile traffic. The concentration of $SO_2$ pollution was rapidly improved in industrial areas, but did not show any difference for multiple and general cities. The predicted concentration of $PM_{10}$ for 2014 based on the trend over 2001-2009 was $53.4{\mu}g/m^3$, which fails to meet the target concentration of $40{\mu}g/m^3$. The predicted concentration of $NO_2$ shows a very low probability of achieving the target concentration of 22 ppb, and thus the current improvement of air quality has proven unsatisfactory. Conclusion: Air pollution control policy should be enforced according to regional pollution characteristics in order to obtain maximum effectiveness in improvement.

• 경제분석
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.61-96
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• 2021

본 연구는 지역소득의 불균형 요인을 분석하기 위해 지역의 단위소득당 소비지출에 의한 소득유발효과와 지역 간 단위소득에 의한 소득상호의존도를 측정하였는데, 이를 위해 16개 광역자치단체의 지역별 임금소득 및 소비 구조가 반영된 2005년과 2015년 지역산업 연관표를 이용하였다. 분석 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 지역별 단위소득당 소비지출에 의한 소득유발효과가 전반적으로 낮아졌는데 자기지역보다 타지역의 소득유발효과 하락이 주요인이었다. 다음으로 각 지역의 단위소득 발생에 의한 지역소득의 상호의존도도 대부분 지역에서 낮아졌는데, 이 역시 타지역으로의 소득전이 하락이 주요인이었다. 한편, 한국 경제에서 차지하는 비중이 큰 서울과 경기는 단위소득당 소비지출에 의한 소득유발효과가 타지역보다 낮지만 자기지역은 물론 타지역의 소비에 의해 발생한 소득유발효과를 가장 많이 차지하고 타지역으로부터의 소득전이를 가장 많이 흡수하였다. 이는 소비구조에서 서비스가 차지하는 비중이 높고 경기는 물론 특히 서울의 산업구조 서비스화 진전과 임금소득 비중이 높은 데 주로 기인하였다. 이러한 결과를 소득의 상호의존도 측면에서 보면 서울과 경기는 타지역의 소득에 의존하는 정도가 높은 것을 의미한다고 할 수 있다. 특히 경기는 고기술 제조업 제품의 해외수출을 주도하는 지역이라 대외 요인도 소득유발에 기여하지만, 서울의 경우 서비스를 기반으로 국내 상호연관구조를 이용한 소득흡수가 높다는 측면에서 본다면 국내 타지역의 경제 상황에 민감한 소득 창출 구조를 갖고 있다는 점을 지적할 수 있을 것이다. 지역 간 소득유발효과와 소득전이가 전반적으로 하락하고 서울과 경기로의 집중이 지속되고 있는 가운데 지역불균형을 구조적 측면에서 완화하기 위해서는 지역의 산업정책은 서울이나 경기의 구조를 벤치마킹하는 것보다는 각 지역 특화산업의 비교우위를 강화하여 지역 간 상호연계성 제고가 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2007

The Baekdudaegan Mountain Range is a backbone of the Korean Peninsula which carries special spiritual and sentimental signatures for Koreans as well as significant ecological values for diverse organisms. However, in spite of importance of this region, the forests of Baekdudaegan have been damaged in a variety of human activities by being used as highland vegetable grower, lumber region, grass land, and bare land, and are still undergoing destruction. The existing researches had determined the details of the damage through on-site and recent observations. Such methods cannot provide quantitative and integrated analysis therefore could not be utilized as objective data for the ecological conservation of Baekdudaegan forests. The goal of this study is to quantitatively analyze the forest damage in the Baekdudaegan preservation region through land cover categorization and change detection techniques by using satellite images, which are 1980s, and 1990s Landsat TM, and 2000s Landsat ETM+. The analysis was executed by detecting land cover changed areas from forest to others and analyzing changed areas' spatial patterns. Through the change detection analysis based on land cover classification, we found out that the deforested areas were approximately three times larger after the 1990s than from the 1980s to the 1990s. These areas were related to various topographical and spatial elements, altitude, slope, the distance form road, and water system, etc. This study has the significance as quantitative and integrated analysis about the Baekdudaegan preservation region since 1980s. These results could actually be utilized as basic data for forest conservation policies and the management of the Baekdudaegan preservation region.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.743-752
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• 2021

추가령 단층대가 발달하는 서울-경기 지역에서 단층의 3차원적인 규모를 확인하기 위해서, 곡률 분석(Curvature analysis)과 오일러 디콘볼루션(Euler deconvolution) 등의 중력장 해석 방법을 이용하여 잔여 중력이상을 해석하였다. 또한 2000년 이후 발생한 진앙과 비교하여 단열 특성을 비교하였다. 부게이상에서 포천단층은 경기 북부에서 서울의 중심부를 지나서 서해안 지역까지 연결된 약 100 km 단층으로 진앙이 빈도가 높아 활성 단층의 가능성이 있고, 단층을 경계로 동서 방향으로 7 km 정도의 변위가 관찰된다. 왕숙천단층은 서울을 중심으로 북동부와 서남부로 분절되어 있으나 지하에서 연결을 암시하는 단층 분절로 추정되는 중력이상대가 관찰된다. 특히 2010년 시흥에서 발생한 규모 3.0의 지진은 남북 방향으로 발달하는 20 km 길이의 단층에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 동두천단층의 서쪽 지역(≒5,500 m)은 중력경계면이 동쪽 지역(≒4,000 m)보다 깊게 나타나며 이는 동두천단층을 중심으로 서쪽 지역과 동쪽 지역의 지구조적인 운동이 다르다는 것을 시사한다. 동두천단층에서 발달한 파쇄대의 최대 깊이는 약 6,500 m이며 연구 지역에서는 가장 깊다. 포천 단층은 약 6,000 m, 왕숙천 단층은 약 5,000 m, 경강 단층은 약 6,000 m 깊이까지 파쇄대가 연장되는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.584-598
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 지역 기상-해양 접합모델을 이용하여 2018년 8월 28일부터 30일까지 한반도 서울-경기지역에 내린 강수에 대해 대기-해양 상호작용의 효과를 분석하였다. 지역 기상-해양 접합모델에서 기상모델은 WRF (Weather Research Forecasts)가 사용되었으며, 해양모델은 ROMS (Regional Oceanic Modeling System)가 사용되었다. 단일 기상 모델은 WRF모델만 이용되었으며, ECMWF Re-Analysis Interim 의 해수면온도자료가 바닥경계자료로 사용되었다. 관측자료와 비교하여, 대기-해양 상호작용의 효과가 고려된 접합모델은 서울-경기지역의 강수 및 황해 해수면온도에 대해 공간상관계수가 각각 0.6과 0.84로 이는 지역 기상모델보다 높게 나타났다. 또한, 평균편향오차(MBE, Mean Bias Error)은 각각 -2.32와 -0.62로 지역 기상모델 보다 낮은 오차율을 보였다. 상당온위와 해수면온도 및 역학적 수렴장으로 분석한 대기-해양 상호작용의 효과는 황해 해수면온도의 변화를 유도하였고, 그 변화는 하층대기에서 열적 불안정과 운동학적 수렴대의 차이를 발생시켰다. 열적 불안정과 수렴대는 결과적으로 서울-경기 지역에서 상승운동을 유도하였고, 결과적으로 기상-해양 접합모델에서 모의된 강수가 관측과 더 유사한 공간분포를 나타냈다. 그러나 복잡한 관계에 있는 대기-해양 상호작용의 효과를 더 명확히 파악하기 위해서는 다양한 사례연구와 장기적인 분석이 필요하지만, 본 연구는 기상-해양 상호작용이 강수 예보에 중요성에 대한 또 다른 증거를 제시한다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.439-447
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• 2022

Two strains, YP344 and YP579 were isolated from soil samples in Pocheon City, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The strains YP344 and YP579 belong to the genus Vishniacozyma and Dioszegia, respectively. The molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the strain YP344 was closely related to Vishniacozyma peneaus. Strain YP344T differed by four nucleotide substitutions with no gap (0.70%) in the D1/D2 domain of the LSU rRNA gene and 16 nucleotide substitutions with 8 gaps (5.76%) in the ITS region. On the other hand, the strain YP579^T varied from the type strain of the most closely related species, Dioszegia zsoltii var. zsoltii, by 6 nucleotide substitutions with four gaps (1.64%) in the D1/D2 domain of LSU rRNA gene and 26 nucleotide substitutions with 14 gaps (8.16%) in the ITS region. Therefore, the name Vishniacozyma terrae sp. nov. and Dioszegia terrae sp. nov. are proposed, with type strains YP344T (KCTC27988^T) and YP579^T (KCTC 27998^T), respectively.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the arrangement of parks, in whole city level by using park's effective distance and to find the accessibility obstacles in case of using parks, in boundary of each parks' effective distance, so that to show how to improve communities' usage of city parks. The 8 cities in Gyeonggi-do and analysed the effective distance of parks. To find the accessibility obstacles in the boundary of parks' effective distance, 1) we choose 18 sample parks and extract obstacles - wide road, rail road, river- in interior and verify it by field survey and asking the park user's residents directly. The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: First, Ansan city and Goyang city are only satisfied with the minimal city parks size standard, so that the rest 6 cities are lack of quantities which residents can use. The result of analyzing effective distance in whole city level, parks are mainly designated in new-town, so that most cities which have old-towns have very poor park systems to use. Because Ansan city is new-planned city, it is very effective arrangement in park systems exceptionally. Second, $96.2\%$ of park users' are living in the area which was easy to gain access not intercepted by wide road, rail road or river. Third, therefore at the stage of planning park, effective distance and resident's accessibility as well as park's supply quantitatively are needed to be considered. In addition, selection of location and elevation of resident's safety and accessibility through making a plan must be reflected. In the low accessibility area, the program to improve park's accessibility and amenity - like making small park or pocket park, linking parks with resident-friendly road etc.- has to be investigated.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.553-564
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• 2013

The core ingredient of traditional Korean style soy sauce is soy bean without any wheat or rice incorporated. National brands as well as regional micro-brewed companies constitute the soy sauce market in Korea. The present study investigated the physico-chemical and sensory properties of soy sauces produced by small-scale or mass-production. Additionally, the key physico-chemical parameters sufficiently representing the critical sensory characteristics have been identified. Ten types of soy sauce brewed by the Korean traditional method were selected for the study. Among these samples, seven types were brewed in small-scales in the Gyeonggi-do region whereas the other 3 types were mass-production products of major national brands. The total solid, reducing sugar, salinity, sugar content, amino nitrogen, CIELAB, acidity, and pH of soy sauce samples were measured for the physico-chemical analysis. A generic descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze the sensory characteristics of the samples using six trained panelists. The descriptive panel developed 21 sensory attributes. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, PCA and PLSR. Overall, the micro-brewed products showed significantly higher value of salinity and acidity but lower content of reducing sugar than the mass-production products. The micro-brewed soy sauces elicited stronger fermented flavor, sourness, and bitterness whereas the national brand products elicited stronger alcoholic odor, sweetness and umami taste. Sugar content, acidity, and amino nitrogen showed strong relationships with fish sauce flavor, umami taste, and rich flavor. Salinity was closely related to the overall flavor intensity.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.73-93
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• 2022

Background: Appropriate physician workforce projection through reasonable discussions and decisions with a broad view on supply and demand of the workforce, thus, is very important for high-quality healthcare services. The study expects to provide preliminary research data on the workforce diagnosis standard model for Korean physician workforce policy decision through more flexible and objective physician workforce projection in reflection of diverse changes in healthcare policy and sociodemographic environments. Methods: A low flow rate through the causal map was developed, and an objective workforce demand projection from 2019 to 2040 was conducted. In addition, projections by scenarios under various situations were conducted with the low flow rate developed in the study. Lastly, the demand projection of the physician workforce by region of 17 cities and provinces was conducted. Results: First, demand of physicians in 2019 was 110,665, 113,450 in 2020, 129,496 in 2025, 146,837 in 2030, 163,719 in 2035, and 179,288 in 2040. Second, the scenario for the retirement of baby boomers led to a decrease in the growth rate due to time delay. Third, Seoul and Gyeonggi-do account for a high percentage of demand, a very high upward trend was identified in Gyeonggi-do, and as a result, the projection showed that the demand of the physician workforce in Gyeonggi-do would worsen over time. Conclusion: This study is meaningful in that rational and collective physician workforce supply and demand and its imbalance in workforce distribution were verified through various projections by scenarios and regions of Korea with System Dynamics.