• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.230-235
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• 1985

The metacercariae of an echinostomatid fluke were detected from a freshwater 6sh, Odontobutis obscura interrupta caught from the Seom river system, Wonseong-gun, Kangwon-do, and experimentally infected into rats to obtain the adult worms for the species identification. A total of 32 metacercariae was detected from 10 fishes (27.8%) out of 36 O. obscura interrupta caught from the river. The average size of metacercariae was $153.4{\times}149.0{\;}{\mu}{\textrm{m}}$. Also, it was uniquely specific that thickened membrane was formed around the metacercarial cyst wall. The rats orally infected with those metacercariae were sacrificed 20 days after infection to get the adult worms. The mean length and width of the adult worms were 0.75 cm and 0.13 cm, respectively. The number of collar spines on circumoral disk was 26 to 28, and the end group spines at lateral sides of the oral sucker were 4 on each side. The echinostomatid flukes observed in this study were all identified as Echinostoma hortense according to the morphologies of the cirrus sac, ovary, vitellaria and testes of the adult worms and the shape of eggs. On the other hand, O. obscura interrupta is one of the fresh-water fish that are preferably eaten raw by the rural inhabitants. Although no human case of 5. hortense infection by eating O. obscura interrupta has been experienced yet, the possibility is strongly suggested in this study.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.556-562
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• 2014

The occurrence of human norovirus (NoV) genogroup I (GI) and genogroup II (GII) strains was investigated in Korea. Between 2007 and 2010, 265 samples were collected from 89 Korean water source locations. NoV GI was detected in 4.5% and NoV GII in 1.5%. Samples collected in winter had the highest occurrence; 9.4% for NoV GI and 6.3% for NoV GII. NoV GI detection was highest in groundwater, with the next highest in river water and the lowest in lake water (5.9%, 5.4%, and 1.6%, respectively), and NoV GII was found only in river water. When three representative Korean basin systems (Han (H)-, Geum/Seom (G/S)-, and Nakdong (N)-river basins) were compared, both NoV genogroups were high in the G/S-, but absent in the H- river basin. The most prevalent genotypes within the GI and GII groups were GI.5 and GII.4, respectively. The NoVs found in surface water were identical to those found in patients and those found in groundwater. The NoVs appeared to be transmitted from the patient to the surface water, and then to the groundwater, suggesting a fecal-oral route of transmission. This is the first nationwide surveillance of NoV in major Korean water sources.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1525-1529
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• 2006

하천유역에서 강우-유출을 해석할 때에는 적용이 용이하고 비교적 정확한 결과를 얻는 것으로 알려진 단위도와 순간단위도를 널리 사용하여 왔다. 순간단위도의 유도를 위해서는 신뢰성 있는 강우-유출자료의 획득이 선행되어야한다. 신뢰성 있는 자료를 얻기 위해서는 시험유역의 운영에 의한 실측 강우와 그 에 따른 유출자료의 확보가 중요하다. 횡성댐 상류 섬강시험유역에서 얻어진 실측 자료를 사용하여 가변기울기법을 이용하여 직접유출을 분석하였고, 기존의 강우-유출자료를 분석하여 누가강우에 따른 유출계수를 분석하였다. 지리정보시스템을 이용하여 유역의 지형학적 매개변수를 얻어 유도된 지형학적 순간단위유량도에 의한 강우-유출의 특성을 분석하였다.

• KCID journal
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.34-50
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• 1997

This study was conducted to derive optimal design floods by Log Pearson Type III distribution model of the annual maximum series at five watersheds along Geum, Yeong San and Seom Jin river systems. Design floods obtained by different methods for evaluatio

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.749-753
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• 2008

본 연구는 강원도 횡성군의 남한강 제1지류인 섬강의 횡성댐 상류 계천에 위치한 시험유역으로 남한강 상류 산지지형 시험유역으로 이유역의 운영을 통하여 신뢰성 있는 고품질의 산간유역 수문자료의 지속적 확보이다. 기존의 강우-유출구조의 이해를 위하여 우량 및 수위자료는 10분 단위로 관측하며, 유량측정 자료는 불확실도 분석을 통해 실시한 결과 신뢰도가 지속적으로 향상된다. 또한 수위-유량곡선을 개발을 통해 수문 자료를 지속적으로 확보하였고, 유역의 수문순환특성분석을 위해 추가적으로 토양수분과 지하수위를 관측으로 하였다. input-system-output 의 정량적 순환구조의 이해와 모델개발의 검정 및 검증 기반의 자료를 구축하여 산간유역의 폭 넓은 물 순환해석을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.1486-1490
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• 2010

본 연구는 강원도 횡성군의 남한강 제1지류인 섬강의 횡성댐 상류 계천에 위치한 시험유역으로 남한강 상류 산지지형 시험유역으로 이유역의 운영을 통하여 신뢰성 있는 고품질의 산간유역 수문자료의 지속적 확보이다. 2001년부터 10년 동안 시험유역이 운영되어오면서 강우관측소 3곳, 수위 관측소 3곳(농거리, 매일, 소군), 지하수 및 토양수분 측정소 5곳의 자료를 구축하고 있다. 유역의 토양 이용 현황은 삼림이 90 %, 경작지 10 %로 이루어져 있으며, 면적 $164.81km^2$, 유로연장 22.4km, 평균경사 5.97%를 지니고 있다. 고품질을 보장하고 좋은 데이터를 얻기 위하여 불확실도 분석을 실시하고, 개발된 수위-유량곡선을 통하여 시계열 수위를 유량으로 환산하였다. 아울러 수문순환 성분의 분석을 위하여 토양수분 및 지하수위를 측정하여 강우-유출해석, 수문특성 분석 등을 실시하였다. 측정된 자료는 웹사이트와 CD로 제공된다. 구축된 각종 자료는 수문 및 수리의 정량적 순환구조의 이해와 모델개발의 검정 및 검증 기반의 자료를 구축하여 산간유역의 폭 넓은 물 순환해석을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.6 no.1 s.20
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• pp.49-58
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• 2006

Rainfall-runoff characteristics are analysed based on the geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph(GIUH) derived by geomorphological parameters using geographical information system in watershed ungaged or deficient of field data. Observed data of Seom river experiment watershed at upstream of Hoengseong dam and variable slope method for hydrograph separating of direct non are used. The 4th stream order of Seom river experimental watershed is developed with a regular correlation referred to the Horton-Strahler's law of stream order. The characteristic velocity to determine shape parameter of GIUH is 1.0m/s and its equation is modified for accurate results. Hydrograph at the outlet of 4th stream order of Maeil gage station and at the outlets of 3rd stream order of Sogun and Nonggeori gage stations show a little differences in falling limb of hydrograph but agree well to the observed data in general. The results by hydrological routing with HEC-HMS to the outlet of 4th stream order of Maeil gage station which the hydrograph by GIUH obtained at Sogun and Nonggeori gage stations of 3rd stream oder are applied as upstream inputs give better agreement with observed data than those by hydrograph by GIUH obtained at Maeil gage station of 4th stream order. In general, the rainfall-runoff by GIUH has applicability to the watershed routing of ungaged project regions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.529-536
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• 2013

The semi-distributed rainfall runoff model of SWAT is applied to the Seom-river experimental watershed. The simulations of various antecedent periods before the targeted simulation periods of 2002 to 2009 are not necessary despite of the slight appearance of corresponding changes in simulated total runoff. The simulated results of total runoff by using various numbers of soil layer maps have little differentiated nevertheless the slight changes in simulated results have been appeared. The 7 parameters of CANMX, $CN_2$, ESCO, GW_REVAP, SOL_ALB, SOL_AWC, and SOL_K greatly govern the rainfall runoff are confirmed and their sensitivity analyses have been carried out. The optimal parameters used in SWAT are derived by SUFI-2 of SWAT-CUP. The NS and $R^2$ are 0.99 and 0.98, respectively which is shown the good agreement between the observed and the simulated results. The uncertainty factors of P-factor and R-factor are 0.85 and 0.06, respectively which is also shown the high efficiency of the model. The high applicability is also shown with improving the RMSE in SWAT model simulation using the parameters estimated by SUFI-2 of SWAT-CUP.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2016

The correlation relationships and their corresponding equations between the geomorphological parameters and the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model parameters by Sequential Uncertainty Fitting - version 2 (SUFI-2) algorithm of SWAT Calibration and Uncertainty Programs (SWAT-CUP) were developed at the Seom-river experimental watershed. The parameters of the SWAT model at the Soksa-river experimental watershed were estimated by the developed equations. The SWAT model parameters were estimated by SUFI-2 algorithm of SWAT-CUP with rainfall-runoff data from the Soksa-river experimental watershed from 2000 to 2007. Rainfall-runoff simulation of the SWAT model was carried out at the Soksa-river experimental watershed from 2000 to 2007 for the applicability of the estimated parameters by the developed equations. The root mean square errors (RMSE) between the observed and the simulated rainfall-runoffs using the estimated parameters by developed equations of correlation analysis and the optimum parameters by SUFI-2 of SWAT-CUP were $1.09m^3/s$ and $0.93m^3/s$ respectively at the Soksa-river experimental watershed from 2000 to 2007. Therefore, it is considered that the parameter estimation of the SWAT model by the geomorphological characteristics parameters has applicability.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.84-89
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• 2010

Herein is described a new species of Rorippa (R. apetala, Brassicaceae) discovered on the River Seom-gang in Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Korea. The new species is distinct from the closely-related species, R. palustris and R. globosa, by having adventitious buds on the surface of rhizome-type roots during the fruiting season, usually absent or rarely 1-4, if present then atrophy petals, obpandurate fruits, and seeds usually empty or rarely 1-2 per locule. The key to these species is provided.