• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2009

It is very difficult to apply previous security protocols to WSNs(Wireless Sensor Networks) directly because WNSs have resource constrained characteristics such as a low computing ability, power, and a low communication band width. In order to overcome the problem, we proposes a secure group communication scheme applicable to WSNs. The proposed scheme is a combined form of the TEEN(Threshold sensitive Energy Efficient sensor Network protocol) clustering based hierarchical routing protocol and security mechanism, and we assume that WSNs are composed of sensor nodes, cluster headers, and base stations. We use both private key and public key cryptographic algorithms to achieve an enhanced security and an efficient key management. In addition, communications among sensor nodes, cluster headers, and base stations are accomplished by a hierarchical tree architecture to reduce power consumption. Therefore, the proposed scheme in this paper is well suited for WSNs since our design can provide not only a more enhanced security but also a lower power consumption in communications.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 2006

Ubiquitous Sensor Network consists of a number of sensor nodes with a limited computation power and limited communication capabilities, and a sensor node is able to communicate with each other at anytime and in any place. Due to the rapid research and development in sensor networks, it will rapidly grow into environments where hmm beings can interact in an intuitive way with sensing objects which can be PDAs, sensors, or even clothes in the future. We are aiming at realizing an Unattended Secure Security System to apply it to Ubiquitous Sensor Network. In this paper, the vulnerabilities in the Unattended security system are identified, and a new protocol called OMAC-SNEP is proposed for the Unattended Secure Security System. Because the CBC-MAC in SNEP is not secure unless the message length is fixed, the CBC-MAC in SNEP was replaced with OMAC in SNEP. We have shown that the proposed protocol is secure for my bit length of messages and is almost as efficient as the CBC-MAC with only one key. OMAC-SNEP can be used not only in Unattended Security System, but also any other Sensor Networks.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.101-108
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• 2007

We follow the promising recent results of deploying the public key cryptography in sensor networks. Recent results have shown that the public key algorithms are computationally feasible on the typical sensor nodes. However, once the public key cryptography is brought to the sensor network, security services such like key authentication will be critically required. In this paper we investigate the public key authentication problem in the sensor network and provide several authentication protocols. Our protocols are mainly based on the non-solvable overhearing in the wireless environment and a distributed voting mechanism. To show the value of our protocols, we provide an extensive analysis of the used resources and the resulting security level. As well, we compare our work with other existing works. For further benefit of our protocols, we list several additional applications in the sensor network where our protocols provide a sufficient authentication under the constrained resources.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.265-277
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• 2008

In spite of previous common assumptions about the incompatibility of public key cryptography (PKC) schemes with wireless sensor networks (WSNs), recent works have shown that they can be utilized for such networks in some manner. The major challenge of employing a PKC-based scheme in a wireless sensor network is posed by the resource limitations of the tiny sensors. Considering this sensor feature, in this paper we propose an efficient PKC-based security architecture with relatively lower resource requirements than those of previously proposed PKC schemes for WSN. In addition, our scheme aims to provide robust security in the network. Our security architecture comprises two basic components; a key handshaking scheme based on simple, linear operations and the derivation of a decryption key by a receiver node. Our architecture enables node-to-base-station and node-to-node secure communications. Analysis and simulation results show that our proposed architecture ensures a good level of security for network communications, and can be effectively implemented with the limited computational, memory, and energy budgets of current-generation sensor nodes.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.704-712
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• 2010

Authentication is an important service in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for an unattended environment. Recently, Das proposed a hash-based authentication protocol for WSNs, which provides more security against the masquerade, stolen-verifier, replay, and guessing attacks and avoids the threat which comes with having many logged-in users with the same login-id. In this paper, we point out one security weakness of Das' protocol in mutual authentication for WSN's preservation between users, gateway-node, and sensor nodes. To remedy the problem, this paper provides a secrecy improvement over Das' protocol to ensure that a legal user can exercise a WSN in an insecure environment. Furthermore, by presenting the comparisons of security, computation and communication costs, and performances with the related protocols, the proposed protocol is shown to be suitable for higher security WSNs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.895-896
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• 2015

With the development of sensor, wireless mobile communication, embedded system and cloud computing, the technologies of Internet of Things have been widely used in logistics, Smart devices security, intelligent building and o on. Bridging between wireless sensor networks with traditional communication networks or Internet, IoT gateway plays n important role in IoT applications, which facilitates the integration of wireless sensor networks and mobile communication networks or Internet, and the management and control with wireless sensor networks. The IoT Gateway is a key component in IoT application systems but It has lot of security issues. We analyzed the trends of security and privacy matters.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.766-769
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• 2005

In a ubiquitous environment made up of multiple sensors, most sensors participate in communications with limited battery, and the sensor node isn't able to participate in communications when all the battery is used up. When an existing authentication method is used for the sensor node which has to participate in a long term communication with limited battery, it creates a problem by making the length of network maintenance or sensor node's operation time relatively shorte. Therefore, a network structure where RM (Register Manager) node and AM (Authentication Manager) node are imported to solve the energy consumption problem during a communication process is presented in this thesis. This offers a low power protocol based on safety through a mutual authentication during communications. Through registration and authentication manager nodes, each sensor nodes are ensured of safety and the algorithm of key's generation, encryption/descramble and authentication is processed with faster operation speed. So the amount of electricity used up during the communications between sensor nodes has been evaluated. In case of the amount of electrical usage, an average of $34.783\%$ for the same subnet and 36.855 for communications with two different subnets, are reduced. The proposed method is a protocol which maintains the limited battery for a long time to increase the effectiveness of energy usage in sensor nodes and can also increase the participation rate of communication by sensor nodes.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.23-51
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• 2010

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have proved to be useful in applications that involve monitoring of real-time data. There is a wide variety of monitoring applications that can employ Wireless Sensor Network. Characteristics of a WSN, such as topology and scale, depend upon the application, for which it is employed. Security requirements in WSN vary according to the application dependent network characteristics and the characteristics of an application itself. Key management is the most important aspect of security as some other security modules depend on it. We discuss application dependent variations in WSN, corresponding changes in the security requirements of WSN and the applicability of existing key management solutions in each scenario.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1191-1197
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• 2013

In large-scale distributed sensor networks, it is often recommended to employ mobile sinks, instead of fixed base stations, for data collection to prolong network lifetime and enhance security. Mobile sinks may also be used, e.g., for network repair, identification and isolation of compromised sensor nodes and localized reprogramming, etc. In such circumstances, mobile sinks should be able to securely interact with neighbor sensor nodes while traversing the network. This paper presents a secure and efficient mobile query protocol that can be used for such purposes.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.103-110
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• 2015

The security of the data exchanged between sensor nodes in IoT (Internet of Things) environment becomes increasing. In the conventional IEEE 802.15.4, the key for secure communication between the sensor node and the sensor node and the PAN Coordinator or the sensor node is assumed to be pre-shared in advance. Especially, there is another problem in that sensor node authentication is not considered during the association process. In this paper, we propose a security scheme that solves the problems of previously proposed protocols with the pre-shared key for all devices.