• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.513-525
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• 2018

Slope stability of sensitive clayey soils is particularly important when subjected to strength loss and deformation. Except for progressive failure, for most sensitive and insensitive slopes, it is important to review the feasibility of conventional analysis methods based on peak strength since peak strength governs slope stability before yielding. In this study, as a part of efforts to understand the behavior of sensitive clay slopes, a total of 12 centrifuge tests were performed for artificially sensitive and insensitive clay slopes using San Francisco Bay Mud (PI = 50) and Yolo Loam (PI = 10). In terms of slope stability, the results were analyzed using the updated instability factor ($N_I$). $N_I$ using equivalent unit weight to cause a failure is in reasonable agreement shown in the Taylor's chart ($N_I$ ~ 5.5). In terms of dynamic deformation, it is shown that two-way sliding is a more accurate approach than conventional one-way sliding. Two-way sliding may relate to diffused shear surfaces. The outcome of this study is contributable to analyzing stability and deformation of steep sensitive clay slopes.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.251-261
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• 2022

As AI has a wide range of influence on human social life, issues of transparency and ethics of AI are emerging. In particular, it is widely known that due to the existence of historical bias in data against ethics or regulatory frameworks for fairness, trained AI models based on such biased data could also impose bias or unfairness against a certain sensitive group (e.g., non-white, women). Demographic disparities due to AI, which refer to socially unacceptable bias that an AI model favors certain groups (e.g., white, men) over other groups (e.g., black, women), have been observed frequently in many applications of AI and many studies have been done recently to develop AI algorithms which remove or alleviate such demographic disparities in trained AI models. In this paper, we consider a problem of using the information in the sensitive variable for fair prediction when using the sensitive variable as a part of input variables is prohibitive by laws or regulations to avoid unfairness. As a way of reflecting the information in the sensitive variable to prediction, we consider a two-stage procedure. First, the sensitive variable is fully included in the learning phase to have a prediction model depending on the sensitive variable, and then an imputed sensitive variable is used in the prediction phase. The aim of this paper is to evaluate this procedure by analyzing several benchmark datasets. We illustrate that using an imputed sensitive variable is helpful to improve prediction accuracies without hampering the degree of fairness much.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2002

For improving the quality of survey dat a of sensitive character, we suggest a conditional in direct survey method. In th at method, only the respondents who answer directly to the less sensitive question respond indirectly to the more sensitive one by using the one sample unrelated question randomized response technique with the known $\pi_y$, the true proportion of unrelated group Y. We extend it to two sample method when $\pi_y$ is unknown. We also consider the case that people who possess less sensitive character answer untruthfully. Finally we compare our method with the methods of Greenberg et al. and Carr et al..

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1081-1089
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• 2014

Context-sensitive spelling-error correction methods are largely classified into rule-based methods and statistical data-based methods, the latter of which is often preferred in research. Statistical error correction methods consider context-sensitive spelling error problems as word-sense disambiguation problems. The method divides a vocabulary pair, for correction, which consists of a correction target vocabulary and a replacement candidate vocabulary, according to the context. The present paper proposes a method that integrates a word-phrase n-gram model into a conventional model in order to improve the performance of the probability model by using a correction vocabulary pair, which was a result of a previous study performed by this research team. The integrated model suggested in this paper includes a method used to interpolate the probability of a sentence calculated through each model and a method used to apply the models, when both methods are sequentially applied. Both aforementioned types of integrated models exhibit relatively high accuracy and reproducibility when compared to conventional models or to a model that uses only an n-gram.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10b
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• pp.367-369
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• 2005

In this paper, we present a new method for the detection of spiculation on digital mammograms. Traditional methods have defects; sensitive to noise, fixed size processing, and long processing time, however, the proposed method has merits; not sensitive to noise, adaptive size processing, and fast processing time. Experimental results show that the spiculation detection performance of the proposed method is improved much compared to the other methods.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.407.2-407.2
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• 2002

We have been studing sensitive non-enzymatic chemiluminescence (CL) imaging methods for the detection of DNA. For one of our methods, a unique chemical derivatization reagent. 3'. 4', 5'-trimethoxyphenylglyoxal (TMPG) was utilized. This reagent reacted specifically with guanine bases in nucleic acids to quickly produce a chemiluminescent derivative under mild reaction conditions. (omitted)

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.753-765
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• 2001

We suggest a quantitative conditional unrelated question model that can be used in obtaining more sensitive information. For whom say "yes" about the less 7han sensitive question .B we ask only about the more sensitive variable X. We extend our model to two sample case when there is no information about the true mean of the unrelated variable Y. Finally we compare the efficiency of our model with that of Greenberg et al.′s.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.319-326
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• 2006

Randomized response technique is a survey technique for eliminating evasive answer bias. This technique is popular in social survey for sensitive issues. In this paper we present a simple and obvious procedure for estimating the population proportion of a sensitive group. Here, we shows the weak point in the method of Kim and Warde (2005). Also, it is found that the proposed procedure is more efficient than the ones of Warner (1965) and Kim and Warde (2005). Lastly we discuss the conditions that the suggested method will be more efficienct.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.298-307
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• 2012

Contemporary design of food and beverage(F&B) space reflects various needs, not only of eating, but also environmental ones. As a way of meeting this conceptual change and the various needs of contemporary consumers, kitsch expression is often utilized actively. Thus, this study intends to analyze the design characteristics and methods of kitsch expression found in contemporary F&B space and their correlations with sensitivity factors, focusing on relevant cases. Specifically, it examined the definition, origin, and changes of kitsch, and identified the sensitive role of kitsch in interior space. Next, it classified the kitsch characteristics and design methods found in interior design, finally analyzing the characteristics of kitsch expressions in contemporary F&B space by sensitivity factors and their correlations with design methods. As a consequence, it was found that the attempts in contemporary F&B space design to differentiate space through active introduction of various kitsch expressions were fulfilling the sensitive needs of changing consumers by providing new cultural experiences. That is, such attempts are considered to have improved the satisfaction of consumers who value sensitivity, by means of wide exchange of sensitivity between designers and consumers. To raise the sensitive satisfaction of consumers more in future, it is necessary to further continuous and in-depth research on the correlation between kitsch expressions and sensitivity factors in interior design.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.33A no.6
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• pp.23-32
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• 1996

This paper proposes a new buffer management scheme to service delay-sensitive traffic and loss-sensitive traffic fairly in ATM networks. The proposed scheme uses tow buffers for delay-sensitive traffic and loss-sensitive traffic. To satisfy the average delay time of delay-sensitive traffic, cells in real-time buffer are served first. When congestion occurs in nonreal-time buffer, low loss priority cell in real-time buffer can be pushed out by high loss priority cell in nonreal-time buffer can be transferred to real-time buffer considering threshold value in real-time buffer. Using computer simulation, the existing methods and proposed scheme are compared and analyzed with respect to cell loss rate and average delay time. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme have superior performance to conventional schemes.