• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2013

Objectives : To clarify the possible effects of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen on the development of pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation in a asthmatic mouse model. Methods : BALBav/c mice were sensitized to OVA followed intratracheally and by aerosol allergene challenges. We investigated the effect of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen on airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophiic infitratio, immune cell phenotype, The2 cytokine product, and OVA-spedific IgE production. Results : Total lung cells, eosinophils, and lung leukocytes, OVA specific IgE levels, and Th 2cytokine levels such as IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-alpha, and eotaxin in BALF were reduced compared with those of OVA sensitized asthma mice (control). The absolute numbers of $CD3^+$, $CD3^+/CD69^+$, $CD3^-/CCR3^+$, $CD4^+$, $CD8^+$, $Gr-1^+/CD11b^+$, $B220^+/CD22^+$, $B220^+/IgE^+$ cells in lung tissiues significantly reduced compared to those of control. Specially total lung cells in BALF and the absolute number of $CD3^+/CD69^+$ and, $B220^+/IgE^+$ cells in lung tissiue effectively reduced in Sinapis Semen plus Raphani Semen compared to those of Sinapis Semen and Raphani Semen. Conclusions : These results indicate that Sinapis Semen plus Raphani Semen has deep inhibitory effects on airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in asmatic mouse model and also has effect of suppression of IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, OVA specific IgE production in BALF. The results verified that Sinapis Semen, Raphani Semen, and Sinapis Semen plus Raphani Semen could act as a immunomodulator which possess anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic property by modulating the relationship of Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.405-409
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the general characteristics such as semen volume, pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the semen collected from Korean Jindo dogs by the mothod of Digital manipulation of penis, and the effect of temperature and preservation time on motility of fresh semen. Multiple ejaculates were collected from four male Korean Jindo dogs. The results obtained in this experiment were as follows : 1. Average semen volume per ejaculate, semen pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the second fraction and the small volume of third fraction from the ejaculate were 3.29ml, 6.30, 96.70% and 1.64$\times$108 cells/ml, respectively. 2. Average semen volume per ejaculate, semen pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the first fraction from the ejaculate were 1.16ml, 6.10, 6.67% and 5.07$\times$105cells/ml. Average semen volume per ejaculate, semen pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the second fraction from the ejaculate were 2.30ml, 6.33, 97.66% and 1.92$\times$108cells/ml. Average semen volume per ejaculate, semen pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the third fraction from the ejaculate were 3.24ml, 6.51, 93.33% and 3.13$\times$107cells/ml. 3. Motility of fresh semen during preservation were higher at 17$^{\circ}C$ than at 5$^{\circ}C$ or 36$^{\circ}C$. When preservation temeprature was 17$^{\circ}C$, motility were 95.75% at 1 h, 90.00% at 6 h, 84.25% at 12 h, 68.00% at 18 h, 36.25% at 24 h and 28.75% at 30 h, respectively.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the general characteristics of semen such as semen volume, pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the semen collected from Shih Tzu dogs (age of 24 to 48 months, weight of 4 to 8 kg) by using the method of digital manipulation of the penis. The effect of preservation temperature and time on motility of fresh semen was also investigated in the present study. Semen was collected for 16 times from 4 male Shih Tzu dogs by multiple ejaculations (four times ejaculation per dog). The average of semen volume, semen pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the second fraction containing small volume of the initial third fraction per ejaculation were $2.11{\pm}0.31$ ml, $6.25{\pm}0.07$, $97.59{\pm}1.03%$ and $2.05{\pm}0.14{\times}10^8$ cells/ml, respectively. Average semen volume per ejaculate, semen pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the first fraction from the ejaculation were $1.12{\pm}0.15$ ml, $5.99{\pm}0.14$, $16.09{\pm}6.18%$ and $5.16{\pm}2.03{\times}10^5$ cells/ml, respectively. Those of second fraction were $2.07{\pm}0.29$ ml, $6.36{\pm}0.13$, $97.31{\pm}1.36%$ and $2.15{\pm}0.30{\times}10^8$ cells/ml, respectively. Those of third fraction were $2.60{\pm}0.29$ ml, $6.63{\pm}0.08$, $95.72{\pm}1.61%$ and $6.03{\pm}1.83{\times}10^7$ cells/ml, respectively. Sperm motility was significantly higher at $17^{\circ}C$ preservation temperature than at $5^{\circ}C$ or $36^{\circ}C$ during preservation period except 1 h preservation (P<0.05). When preservation temperature was $17^{\circ}C$, sperm motility was $96.69{\pm}1.49%$ at 1 h, $91.38{\pm}1.90%$ at 6 h, $88.38{\pm}2.34%$ at 12 h, $78.13{\pm}4.58%$ at 18 h, $58.44{\pm}8.57%$ at 24 h and $29.56{\pm}5.06%$ at 30 h, respectively.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the general characteristics, such as volume, pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the semen collected from Beagle dogs (age $24{\sim}48$ months, weight $10{\sim}15\;kg$) by using the method of digital manipulation of the penis, and the effect of preservation temperature and time on motility of fresh semen. Multiple ejaculates were collected from 4 male Beagles. The average volume, pH, motility and sperm concentration of the second fraction (contained with small volume of the third fraction) per ejaculation were $2.94{\pm}0.24(SD)\;ml$, $6.43{\pm}0.42(SD)$, $97.04{\pm}3.50(SD)%$ and $1.67{\pm}0.23(SD){\times}10^8\;cells/ml$, respectively. Average semen volume per ejaculate, semen pH, sperm motility and sperm concentration of the first fraction from the ejaculate were $1.24{\pm}0.20(SD)\;ml$, $6.03{\pm}0.26(SD)$, $1l.30{\pm}4.02(SD)%$ and $7.25{\pm}1.02(SD){\times}10^5\;cells/ml$. Those of second fraction were $2.52{\pm}0.32(SD)\;ml$, $6.32{\pm}0.31(SD)$, $96.25{\pm}3.52(SD)%$ and $2.35{\pm}0.35(SD){\times}10^8\;cells/ml$. Those of third fraction were $2.71{\pm}0.27\;(SD)\;ml$, $6.52{\pm}0.20(SD)$, $95.65{\pm}2.78(SD)%$ and $5.72{\pm}0.29(SD){\times}10^7\;cells/ml$. Motility of semen was higher at $17^{\circ}C$ preservation temperature than $5^{\circ}C$ or $36^{\circ}C$ during preservation period. When preservation temperature was $17^{\circ}C$, motility was $96.54{\pm}2.05(SD)%$ at 1 h, $90.20{\pm}3.90(SD)%$ at 6 h, $89.05{\pm}2.01(SD)%$ at 12 h, $78.21{\pm}3.50(SD)%$ at 18 h, $45.24{\pm}6.25\;(SD)%$ at 24 h and $30.75{\pm}17.24(SD)%$ at 30 h, respectively.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2011

장기간 담수순화 사육한 감성돔 Acanthopagrus schlegelii(BFW) 정액의 화학적 특성과 염분 및 이온조성에 따른정자활성을 해수사육 감성돔(BSW) 정액과 비교하였다. BFW 정장의 화학적 특성은 대부분의 요인에서 BSW 정장과 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 삼투질농도는 각각 $307.0{\pm}4.6$, $337.3{\pm}10.1$ mOsm/kg으로 차이를 보였다. 염분에 따른 BFW 및BSW의 정자운동성는 0 psu에서는 운동성이 관찰되지 않았으나, 10 psu에서 낮은 운동성과 짧은 정자 운동지속시간을 보였다. 그러나 20, 32 psu에서는 높은 운동성과 긴 정자 운동지속시간 보였다. BFW와 BSW 정자의 SAI는 이온의 종류와는 상관없이 삼투질농도에 의존하여 변화하였으며, 인공해수와 비슷한 농도에서 높았다. 결론적으로 장기간 담수에서 사육한 감성돔의 정자의 운동개시요인은 환경수의 삼투질농도가 좌우하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한의료기공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.77-104
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• 2013

In this study we examined the concerned literature for clinical use of Balsaminaceae plants focusing on the latest literature "zhong hua ben cao"(chinese materia medica, 1998). The findings were summarized as follows: 1. As an original plant, 27 species have been reviewed. 2. As a result of investigating oriental drug names by medicinal using part, a survey reported that the total of 22 species of oriental drug names, including 14 species of herba, 3 species of flos, 4 species of radix and rhizoma, and 1 species of semen, are being used for clinical use. 3. When we examined oriental drugs with five flavors by calculating and arranging their nature, effect, toxicity with points for conveniences sake, pungent and bitte showed 13 points, respectively, as main flavors. In drug nature, warm property of drug indicated 10 points and cold property of drug obtained 6 points. But as for other oriental drug, it is thought that we can recognize their significance. 4. With respect to efficacy, activating blood drug reached 10 kinds and wind- damp-dispelling 7 kinds, according to the examination. 5. In the examination on components and medicinal action, we examined that components are recorded in only impatiens balsamina's whole grass, flowers, root, root stems, and seeds, and Impatiens noli-tangere's whole grass. In medical action, we found out that the components are recorded in impatiens balsamina' flowers and seeds; impatiens noli-tangere's whole grass and flowers; and Impatiens textori' whole grass. 6. As a result of examining clinical prescription, the total of 84 kinds of clinical prescriptions by disease nature were examined, of which the prescription of Impatiens balsamina showed 19 cases in total, which was remarkable.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.367-372
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to make a basis of in vivo or clinical study about alopecia. We investigated the prescriptions of alopecia by researching oriental medicine literature. We found the prescriptions used for alopecia. And we surveyed the frequency and classification of the herbs used for alopecia. The results of this study were recorded as follows. The most frequently used single herbs in the prescriptions were Angelicae Gigantis Radix(當歸), Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草), Poria(茯笭), Paeoniae Radix Alba(白芍藥). Herbs specifically frequently used in the prescriptions of alopecia were as follows. Polygoni Multiflori Radix(何首烏), Rehmanniae Radix(生地黃), Cuscutae Semen(菟絲子), Bupleuri Radix(柴胡), Scutellariae Radix(黃芩), Viticis Fructus(蔓荊子), Aconiti Iateralis Preparata Radix(附子). Herbs frequently used were classified by property. The result was as follows. (()-The number of herbs) 補益藥(32), 解表藥(18), 淸熱藥(15) 收澀藥(9), 活血祛瘀藥(8), 利水滲濕藥(8).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.646-651
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• 2016

Cryopreservation of caudal epididymal spermatozoa is an effective technique to conserve genetic potentials of superior dogs when it is not possible to collect ejaculated spermatozoa. Although hen egg yolk is commonly supplemented into the semen extender, active substances within the egg yolk which protect sperm against cryoinjury remain to be discovered. Among its compositions, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been reported to have a cryoprotective property for sperm cryopreservation. However, the effects of LDL on dog epididymal spermatozoa during cryopreservation have not yet been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LDL on epididymal spermatozoa quality following cryopreservation and thawing. After routine castration of 12 dogs, caudal epididymides from individuals were separated from the testes and cut into a few pieces in a Tris-buffer. Spermatozoa recovered from each sample were examined at once for sperm quality and divided into six groups of extender: no LDL, 20% egg yolk, 4%, 8%, 16%, and 24% LDL, before cryopreservation. The sperm aliquots were then equilibrated and conventionally frozen. After thawing, sperm motility, morphology, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity were evaluated. The results revealed that 4% LDL and 20% egg yolk yielded significantly higher sperm motility (57.69% and 52.69%, respectively, p<0.05) than other LDLs. In addition, 4% LDL yielded the significantly highest plasma membrane integrity (70.54%, p<0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of 4% LDL in Tris-glucose extender could be applied for cryopreservation of canine epididymal spermatozoa.