• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.195-216
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• 2015

Students' perceived values of career play a core role in formation of their career motivation. In particular, science gifted students should build sound values of career in science and technology so that our society can retain the human resources for future science and technology. This study compared and analyzed the structure of science gifted and general middle school students' preferred job and values of career using semantic network analysis. Methodologically, we first collected science gifted and general middle school students' preferred careers and the reasons of the career choice using survey method. Then, we structuralize semantic networks of students' perceived values of their preferred careers using semantic network analysis. We identified the characters of networks that two different student groups showed based on the structure matrix indices of semantic network analysis. Findings revealed that science gifted students considered the creativeness as the most important value of career. Second, science gifted students considered more diverse values of career than general students. Third, science gifted students considered the self-realization such as displaying capability as a core value of career in STEM and medical science whereas general students considered the community service as a core value of the careers. This study identified the significant differences between science gifted and general middle school students' values of careers. The structures of students perceived values of careers can be used for teachers to counsel their students about students' future careers.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.19-30
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• 2018

Visual information understanding is known as one of the most difficult and challenging problems in the realization of machine intelligence. This paper proposes deriving visual verb and construction of ActionNet database as a video database for video semantic understanding. Even though development AI (artificial intelligence) algorithms have contributed to the large part of modern advances in AI technologies, huge amount of database for algorithm development and test plays a great role as well. As the performance of object recognition algorithms in still images are surpassing human's ability, research interests shifting to semantic understanding of video contents. This paper proposes candidates of visual verb requiring in the construction of ActionNet as a learning and test database for video understanding. In order to this, we first investigate verb taxonomy in linguistics, and then propose candidates of visual verb from video description database and frequency of verbs. Based on the derived visual verb candidates, we have defined and constructed ActionNet schema and database. According to expanding usability of ActionNet database on open environment, we expect to contribute in the development of video understanding technologies.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-25
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• 2011

Brand names are often considered as a part of product and important extrinsic cues of product evaluation, when consumers make purchasing decisions. For a company, brand names are also important assets. Building a strong brand name in the Chinese commonwealth is a main challenge for many global companies. One of the first problem global company has to face is how to translate English brand name into Chinese brand name. It is very difficult decision because of cultural and linguistic differences. Western languages are based on an alphabet phonetic system, whereas Chinese are based on ideogram. Chinese speakers are more likely to recall stimuli presented as brand names in visual rather than spoken recall, whereas English speakers are more likely to recall the names in spoken rather than in visual recall. We interpret these findings in terms of the fact that mental representations of verbal information in Chinese are coded primarily in a visual manner, whereas verbal information in English is coded by primarily in a phonological manner. A key linguistic differences that would affect the decision to standardize or localize when transferring English brand name to Chinese brand name is the writing system. Prior Chinese brand naming research suggests that popular Chinese naming translations foreign companies adopt are phonetic, semantic, and phonosemantic translation. The phonetic translation refers to the speech sound that is produced, such as the pronunciation of the brand name. The semantic translation involves the actual meaning of and association made with the brand name. The phonosemantic translation preserves the sound of the brand name and brand meaning. Prior brand naming research has dealt with word-level analysis in examining English brand name that are desirable for improving memorability. We predict Chinese brand name suggestiveness with different translation methods lead to different levels of consumers' evaluations. This research investigates the structural linguistic characteristics of the Chinese language and its impact on the brand name evaluation. Otherwise purpose of this study is to examine the effect of brand concept on the evaluation of brand name. We also want to examine whether the evaluation is moderated by Chinese translation types. 178 Taiwanese participants were recruited for the research. The following findings are from the empirical analysis on the hypotheses established in this study. In the functional brand concept, participants in Chinese translation by semantic were likely to evaluate positively than Chinese translation by phonetic. On the contrary, in the symbolic brand concept condition, participants in Chinese translation by phonetic evaluated positively than by semantic. And then, we found Chinese translation by phonosemantic was most favorable evaluations regardless of brand concept. The implications of these findings are discussed for Chinese commonwealth marketers with respect to brand name strategies. The proposed model helps companies to effectively select brand name, making it highly applicable for academia and practitioner. name and brand meaning. Prior brand naming research has dealt with word-level analysis in examining English brand name that are desirable for improving memorability. We predict Chinese brand name suggestiveness with different translation methods lead to different levels of consumers' evaluations. This research investigates the structural linguistic characteristics of the Chinese language and its impact on the brand name evaluation. Otherwise purpose of this study is to examine the effect of brand concept on the evaluation of brand name. We also want to examine whether the evaluation is moderated by Chinese translation types. 178 Taiwanese participants were recruited for the research. The following findings are from the empirical analysis on the hypotheses established in this study. In the functional brand concept, participants in Chinese translation by semantic were likely to evaluate positively than Chinese translation by phonetic. On the contrary, in the symbolic brand concept condition, participants in Chinese translation by phonetic evaluated positively than by semantic. And then, we found Chinese translation by phonosemantic was most favorable evaluations regardless of brand concept. The implications of these findings are discussed for Chinese commonwealth marketers with respect to brand name strategies. The proposed model helps companies to effectively select brand name, making it highly applicable for academia and practitioner.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.6
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• pp.599-610
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• 2003

The Web plays an important role as information source and most Web applications are document-centric. A document implies an intention of its own designer, which can be utilized actively in automation of business processes. Through an understanding of an intrinsic nature of a document function, we can see a document as an executable computer program in a special case. For this approach, we propose an active document model that is composed of form, knowledge base, rules, and queries. For reusability and interoperability of a document, each component of the proposed model is uniformly represented in XML. The proposed active document not only plays a passive role in providing user interfaces, but also is a document that a machine can infer and process with reading a procedure of document processing and business rules intended by document designers. Through this approach, document can interact with machines and can cooperate with other applications. For applicability of our active document, we show a case study for the processing of purchase orders in a B2B e-Commerce system. This paper is expected to provide the framework of accelerating the development of intelligent applications through our approach regards form document as a computer program. In short, the proposed active document contains knowledge representation and processing method, consequently our document will play an important role in providing a concept of document of pursuing in Semantic Web.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.379-390
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• 2000

Euthanasia have received considerable attention recentely in medical literature, public discussion, and proposed state legislation. Almost all the discussion in this area has focused on the role of physicians. However, nurse may be in special position to understand the wishes of patients and to act on this understanding. Purpose of this study is to identity the meaning of euthanasia in terminal ill patients on the nurses' veiw. Forcused interveiw design was used to data collection The data were analyzed by semantic analysis, and analysis of the data resulted in identification of 14 categories representing the meaning of euthanasia. 1. The meaning of supported euthanasia is 'free of suffering', 'difficulty of economic status', 'right of patient and family', 'dignity of death', 'organ transplant', 'social legislation'. 2. The meaning of opposited euthanasia is 'artificial death', 'value of life', 'uncertainity', 'guilt feeling' 3. The meaning of care in terminalily ill patients is 'avoidance', 'powerlessness'. 'apathy'. 'passive attitude'. The policy debate about professional roles in action that end of lives of patients must be extended nurses. Nurses must take an active role in discussion and definition of acceptable practice at the end of life.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.340-351
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of clothing type and hair style on men’s impression formation. The experimental design was 4×2×2×2 (clothing type×hair style×perceiver’s age×perceiver’s role) factorial design with between-subjects design. The stimuli of color photographs of male in his 20's model and semantic differential scale were used. The data were obtained from questionnaires completed by 881 men and women in the metropolitan area of Seoul. The SPSS package was used for data analysis which includes factor analysis, t-test, and Cronbach’s a to measure the reliability. This study showed the following results. Four factors were derived to account for the dimensions of impression formation. These were dignity, activity, individual character, and social intercourse. Men evaluated individual character factor higher than women did. Dignity factor was evaluated higher by students, while social intercourse factor was evaluated higher by office workers. The clothing type of shirts/pants was evaluated to be more active and more sociable than of jacket/pants. Men wanted to exhibit natty image and women did elegant image through clothes.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.159-162
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• 2017

Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network(LSTM RNN)는 순차 데이터 모델링에 적합한 딥러닝 모델이다. Bidirectional LSTM RNN(BiLSTM RNN)은 RNN의 그래디언트 소멸 문제(vanishing gradient problem)를 해결한 LSTM RNN을 입력 데이터의 양 방향에 적용시킨 것으로 입력 열의 모든 정보를 볼 수 있는 장점이 있어 자연어처리를 비롯한 다양한 분야에서 많이 사용되고 있다. Highway Network는 비선형 변환을 거치지 않은 입력 정보를 히든레이어에서 직접 사용할 수 있게 LSTM 유닛에 게이트를 추가한 딥러닝 모델이다. 본 논문에서는 Highway Network를 한국어 의미역 결정에 적용하여 기존 연구 보다 더 높은 성능을 얻을 수 있음을 보인다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.505-512
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• 1997

문자로 표기된 단어의 의미를 파악 과정에 음운 정보가 개입하는지를 결정하기 위해 3 개의 실험을 실시하였다. 예컨대, [동닙 신문]과 [목립 신문]을 제시하고 이들이 구(句)가 성립되는지를 판단케 한 실험 1에서는 [동닙 신문]을 "독립 신문"으로 오판한 확률이 [목립 신문]을 "독립 신문"으로 오판한 확률보다 낮았다. [국립]과 [공립] 그리고 [궁닙]과 [공립]을 각각 차례로 제시하고, 두 번째 제시된 단어("공립")를 명명하는 데 소요된 시간을 측정한 실험 2에서는, 앞서 제시된 [궁닙]이 뒤에 제시되는 [공립]의 명명을 다소 용이하게 하였지만 그 정도는 미미하였으며, 앞서 제시된 [국립]이 [공립]의 명명을 촉진시킨 것에 크게 못 미쳤다. 실험 2에서와 동일한 자극 재료에다, 명명과제 대신 어휘판단 과제를 이용한 실험 3에서는 "국립"과 동음인 비단어 [궁닙]이 [정립]보다는 [공립]의 인식을 촉진시켰지만, [국립]이 [공립]인식을 촉진시진 정도에는 크게 못미쳤다. 이들 결과를 종합하면, 음운 정보는 의미 파악에 부수적인 도움 정도만 제공한다는 결론이 도출된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 1997

In this paper, we propose a new intelligent query processing system for relational database !systems. By analyzing previous research results related with fuzzy queries, a new intelligent query processing sysytem is developed and the role of each module including intelligent query processor is defined and :some algorithms for parser, query translation module, inference engine, semantic DB and result com-poser are suggested. By applying a typical example to the proposed intelligent query processing liysytem, reasonable results for the ambiguous query are drawn, and therefore it shows a promising model returning ordered result for both the ambiguous queries and general queries.

• 한국어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.300-304
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 한국어 의미역 결정을 순차열 분류 문제(Sequence Labeling Problem)가 아닌 순차열 변환 문제(Sequence-to-Sequence Learning)로 접근하였고, 구문 분석 단계와 자질 설계가 필요 없는 End-to-end 방식으로 연구를 진행하였다. 음절 단위의 RNN Search 모델을 사용하여 음절 단위로 입력된 문장을 의미역이 달린 어절들로 변환하였다. 또한 순차열 변환 문제의 성능을 높이기 위해 연구된 인풋-피딩(Input-feeding) 기술과 카피넷(CopyNet) 기술을 한국어 의미역 결정에 적용하였다. 실험 결과, Korean PropBank 데이터에서 79.42%의 레이블 단위 f1-score, 71.58%의 어절 단위 f1-score를 보였다.