• Korean Educational Research Journal
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between parental attitudes, teachers' autonomy support as perceived by high school students, and the self-directed learning abilities of high school students. A total of 341 high school students from South Korea participated in the study. A survey instrument was used to measure parental attitudes, teacher autonomy support, and students' self-directed learning ability. The results of the study are as follows. First, the rearing attitudes of parents were perceived by the participants as oriented more toward being attainable and relatively less self-directed. There were no significant differences between male and female students, though male students were more likely to perceive their parents' attitudes as more attainable-oriented. The results also show that, in terms of self-directed learning skills among high school students, the more goal-oriented, compassionate, and autonomous the parental attitudes are, the likelier are students to have developed self-directed learning skills. Second, the male students were more aware of the autonomy support of teachers than were the female students. This shows that the results have significant predictive power over the self-directed learning ability among high school students. Accordingly, the perception of autonomy support by teachers affects the development of self-directed learning among students. We can therefore conclude that self-directed learning skills develop most effectively in students who are supported by their teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.927-938
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to find the difference of clothing life-style and to examine clothing buying behaviors on personality types. Personality types were identified using Myers-Briggs Type indicator(MBTI). The data were collected from 360 female adults using a questionnaire to clothing lifestyle and clothing buying behavior. The data were analysed with factor analysis, one- way ANOVA and Duncan＇s multiple range test. Results are summarized as follows: First, ＇Fashion-oriented＇, ＇self-regulate-oriented＇, ＇activity-oriented＇, ＇economic-oriented＇, ＇social-oriented＇, ＇leisure-oriented＇ and ＇conservationoriented＇ clothing life-style had a significant difference of psychological types. Second, Extroverted(E) or Sensation(S) or Feeling(F) types regarded significantly higher in ＇VMD＇, ＇store atmosphere＇, ＇famous brand name and store name＇ as criteria for store selection than combination types(IN, IT, NT) of Introverted(Ⅰ), iNtuition(N), Thinking(T). Third, Sensation Judgement types(SJs) of a patron temperament preferred a ＇plan-oriented＇ life-style and considered ＇famous brand name and store name＇ important. Sensation Perceiving types(SPs) of an artist temperament had an ＇unplanned＇ clothing life-style and a significantly higher impulsive buying orientation than SJs.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.39-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was 1) to segment the middle-aged and elderly women's fashion market based on the clothing benefits sought by the buyer and 2) to compare the purchase criteria and fashion information sources among the segmented markets. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire in Seoul and its surrounding suburban areas. Factor analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Dunnett's T3 tests were used to conduct the data analysis from 285 out of 300 questionnaires. The middle-aged and elderly women's fashion market was segmented into four groups; value-oriented, social status/trend-oriented, uniqueness-oriented, and protection/ convenience-oriented. All four groups were significantly different in terms of purchase criteria and fashion information sources. The social status/trend-oriented group used external purchase criteria, such as country of origin or brand and obtained fashion information from personal experience, advice from the salesperson, and celebrities. The protection/convenience-oriented group sourced fashion information from newspapers, the internet, and the radio. The uniqueness-oriented group put less importance on practical use/convenience criteria. Marketing strategies for these segmented markets were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.185-192
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to compare smartphone addiction tendencies among the subdivided groups of undergraduates according to their lifestyle characteristics integratively. The results of positive analysis are as follows: first, undergraduates' lifestyles were drawn as six factors: the 'economic oriented type', 'aggressive activist type', 'fashion pursuing type', 'self-confident type', 'materialistically oriented type', and 'free will pursuing type'. Second, according to the result of dividing the groups based on the six factors, they were classified into the 'fashion pursing group', 'self-confident group', and 'aggressive, self-confident, and materialistically oriented group'. Third, each of the subdivided groups showed significant difference in smartphone addiction. Generally, the 'fashion pursuing group' indicated higher smartphone addiction tendencies than the other group. The findings of this study can provide fundamental and useful information to solve problems related to smartphone addiction resulted from excessive use of smartphones and causing a lot of troubles socially and also in health.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.6 s.72
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• pp.155-164
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to discover similarities and dissimilarities in life style and other factors for housing choices between two generations living in same household. It will provide knowledge that is helpful in understanding the two generations and develop marketing strategies for houses as a commodity that accommodates the life style of both generations. The data of this study were collected from October to November 2003, using a structured, self-report questionnaire that contains questions on 40 dimensions of life style and 33 items on housing choices. The original respondents consisted of 307 university students and their parents living in Seoul. The ages of the younger generation were limited from ぉ to 29. The final participants in this study included 224 sets of university students and their parents, that is, about 448 respondents. Frequency, percentage, factor analysis, paired t-test and means were used for data analysis. The results show that the life style may be divided into nine sub-types. There were generational differences in If-oriented lifestyle, Conservative lifestyle, As- service self-expression lifestyle, Pragmatic lifestyle, Convenience lifestyle, Self-development lifestyle, and Leisure-oriented lifestyle. Especially in the categories of Convenience lifestyle, If-oriented lifestyle and Positive Self-expression lifestyle, the younger generation ranked higher than their parents. The most important factors in housing choice may be divided into eight sub-categories. Among them are economic factors, housing amenities, housing design, distance from parents and children, social and environmental qualifies, and distance from work place and school. The two generations differed over the importance of the factors. The younger generation particularly valued the factors of distance from parents and children, housing amenities, housing design.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze relationships between perfectionism, burnout, and emotional intelligence in APN and to identify the mediating effect of emotional intelligence on the relationship between perfectionism and burnout. Methods: A structured self-report questionnaire was used to measure perfectionism, burnout, and emotional intelligence. Data were collected from 121 APN working in five advanced general hospitals and two general hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation and Hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Results: Mean scores for each variable were: perfectionism 3.57 (on a 5-point scale), burnout 3.32 (on a 7-point scale), and emotional intelligence 5.00 (on a 7-point scale). Self-oriented perfectionism had a positive correlation with burnout, as did socially prescribed perfectionism. Emotional intelligence was a significant variable reducing burnout, as it also had a reverse buffering effect on the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and burnout. Explanatory power of the final model based on variables was 34%. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest a mediating direction regarding burnout by demonstrating that emotional intelligence plays a direct and reverse buffering role to self-oriented perfectionism, which can be used to reduce burnout in APN.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2003

During the past 100 years, Korean fisheries management policies have enforced the license system, it is the most typical regulation system in Korean fisheries. Even now, it has caused resource management failure, it has also invited economic inefficiency and inequity. Accordingly, the Korean government has recently introduced the self-regulatory management system for fishermen with the TAC system. These systems are one of the most market-oriented regulation systems in fisheries management systems. It is defined as regulatory policy tools other than regulations with command and control approach. It is also called “alternatives” which is composed of regulatory alternatives and non-regulatory alternatives. The self-regulatory management system and the ITQ system are cooperative-based co-management between government and fishermen as an alternative management strategy ; it is gaining the increasing attention to improve the effectiveness of fisheries management in Korea. It is expected not only to positively improve function in fisheries regulation, but also to decrease inefficiency in fisheries policies. However, these systems have many problems. The monopolization of rent is one of the typical examples. As solutions for the problem in the aspect of fishery management, fisheries policy is need of approach to industrial organization. For instance, Contestable market theory is one of the good theoretical background, it mean that market is able to free entry and free exit. Thus, fisheries management carry out policies such as revitalization of the used market of capital goods in fisheries, organize of the self-regulatory management group. Conclusively, as the exploiters and managers, fishers and the government should put emphasis on improving economic efficiency so that fishery would grow as an industry that contributes to the increase of social welfare, and the change to that direction will be the only way for our fisheries to preserve its importance.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.551-563
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• 2022

This study aims to identify the effect on the user experiences when the embodied agent in a self-driving car interacts with emotional expressions by using 'interjection'. An experimental study was designed with two conditions: the inclusion of injections in the agent's conversation feedbacks (with interjections vs. without interjections) and the type of conversation (task-oriented conversation vs. social-oriented conversation). The online experiment was conducted with the four video clips of conversation scenario treatments and measured intimacy, likability, trust, social presence, perceived anthropomorphism, and future intention to use. The result showed that when the agent used interjection, the main effect on social presence was found in both conversation types. When the agent did not use interjection in the task-oriented conversation, trust and future intention to use were higher than when the agent talked with emotional expressions. In the context of the conversation with the AI agent in a self-driving car, we found only the effect of adding emotional expression by using interjection on the enhancing social presence, but no effect on the other user experience factors.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.77-104
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• 2016

The effective management of R&D employees is critical for a small or medium sized firm's sustainable growth. R&D employees have professional skills and choose expertise-oriented or management-oriented careers in the process of organizational socialization. This study synthetically verifies the direct and indirect effects of R&D employees' social network and self-esteem on their career orientation by organizational commitment based on social network theory and social recognition theory. The research model has been analyzed through structural equation modeling using survey responses from 220 R&D employees at small- and medium-sized firms in Korea. The analysis results show that internal network activities have direct and indirect impacts on organizational commitment and career orientation, but external network activities do not have significant effects on self-esteem, organizational commitment, or career orientation. There is no consensus in prior studies on whether expert orientation and management orientation are distinct concepts. In this study, these two types of orientation are verified as distinct concepts. It is also found that R&D employees' internal network activities are significant factors for a company's growth. A company should implement an educational system of roles and duties using which individuals can pursue career progression. In addition, it is necessary to provide career development programs such as job rotation, mentoring, and career counseling.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.19-38
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• 2003

In this research, we propose the mechanism to develop self-evolving expert systems (SEES) based on data mining (DM), fuzzy neural networks (FNN), and relational database (RDB)-driven forward/backward inference engine. Most researchers had tried to develop a text-oriented knowledge base (KB) and inference engine (IE). However, this approach had some limitations such as 1) automatic rule extraction, 2) manipulation of ambiguousness in knowledge, 3) expandability of knowledge base, and 4) speed of inference. To overcome these limitations, knowledge engineers had tried to develop an automatic knowledge extraction mechanism. As a result, the adaptability of the expert systems was improved. Nonetheless, they didn't suggest a hybrid and generalized solution to develop self-evolving expert systems. To this purpose, we propose an automatic knowledge acquisition and composite inference mechanism based on DM, FNN, and RDB-driven inference engine. Our proposed mechanism has five advantages. First, it can extract and reduce the specific domain knowledge from incomplete database by using data mining technology. Second, our proposed mechanism can manipulate the ambiguousness in knowledge by using fuzzy membership functions. Third, it can construct the relational knowledge base and expand the knowledge base unlimitedly with RDBMS (relational database management systems) module. Fourth, our proposed hybrid data mining mechanism can reflect both association rule-based logical inference and complicate fuzzy relationships. Fifth, RDB-driven forward and backward inference time is shorter than the traditional text-oriented inference time.