• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.117-144
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• 2008

Lots of virtual communities and online businesses presently derive their primary sources of revenues through advertising, but nevertheless are plagued with marginal profitability though they might possess a significant user base. In the light of the need for an efficacious business model, there have been recent insights of an online community in particular reaping profits through an innovative and lucrative revenue generation method that earns by selling digital items. There have been some obvious evidences (e.g., Cyworld, SecondLife, Habo Hotel, etc.) that online communities can be profitable through their unique business model of selling digital items. However, there is lack of understanding about the motivation of purchasing digital items. This study tries to identify the main motivators of digital item purchases based on social/individual identity theory and self-presentation theory. "Digital items", otherwise known as "virtual assets", may include online avatars, accessories for the avatars, decorative ornaments like furniture, digital wallpapers, skins, background music and virtual weapons used for Internet games. These digital items are employed by users for representation and articulation in the online space, especially to create and enhance their online profiles in web pages and games. Prices for digital items typically range from a few cents to a few dollars each. Based on the theoretical framework like social identity theory and self-presentation theory, we developed the research model and proposed seven hypotheses. An analysis of 225 members of Cyworld found that digital item purchase intention in virtual world is affected by both members' need for self-presentation and need for affiliation. We also found that the need for self-presentation is significantly increased by innovativeness of members, community group norm, and community involvement. We concluded that the need for self-presentation could be a key variable for profitable business model in online community service industry. However, neither individual self-efficacy nor the need for affiliation significantly influenced the need for self-presentation which triggers purchase intention of digital items. In term of the theoretical and practical contribution, this study can be a pioneering empirical research that investigates the purchase intention of digital items based on social identity theory and self-presentation theory in the online context. Also, the findings of our study are valuable and practical for practitioners in the market who wish to adopt or improve the business model of selling digital items in an online community. From the findings, it can be seen that innovativeness of users, community group norm, and community involvement are three significant factors that influence need for self-presentation of users which ultimately leads to their intentions to buy digital items. These findings put forth that virtual community providers and online businesses selling digital items should prioritize their efforts and focus on these three factors if they want to increase the sales of these digital items and generate greater revenues. This study provides important implications for academic researchers and practitioners to understand why the community members pay money for their digital items in virtual world and how the practitioners can increase the sales of digital items in an online community. A couple of limitations of the study and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

Social network service (SNS) using mobile or web is growing rapidly, and the emergence of various platform services is causing innovative changes in social network service (SNS). This study is to identify the target relation factors of social network users and to empirically study the causal relationship of how much these factors affect user satisfaction through pleasure and self-efficacy. To present an effective and efficient development plan in. In order to empirically verify the research model of this study, a survey was conducted with the general public who had experience using social network services (SNS). Path analysis was performed. As a result, it was possible to verify the correlation of the object relational factors on user satisfaction through pleasure and self-efficacy.First, non-excluded had a significant effect on pleasure, but did not significantly affect self-efficacy. Second, stability attachment did not significantly affect both enjoyment and self-efficacy. Third, social ability did not significantly affect both enjoyment and self-efficacy. Fourth, self-centeredness did not have a significant effect on both enjoyment and self-efficacy. Fifth, pleasure had a significant effect on both self-efficacy and user satisfaction. Sixth, self-efficacy had a significant effect on user satisfaction.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.13
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• pp.113-133
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• 2004

The present study examines the the role of subjectively perceived factors of the attitude toward job-seeking activities in forming an intention to use a web. An integrative research model is presented and tested empirically. It includes the following two aspects of belief in Davis' TAM: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use. Specially, internet job-seeking efficacy, or the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute courses of Internet actions required to achieve given goals, is a potentially important factor in efforts to gain more favorable attitude toward Internet uses. Survey data were collected to develop a reliable operational measure of Internet job-seeking efficacy and to examine its construct validity. An four-item Internet job-seeking efficacy scale developed for the present study was found to be reliable and internally consistent. Also, many previous studies have established that perceived usefulness is an important factor influencing user acceptance and usage behavior of information technologies. However, very little research has been conducted to understand how that perception forms and changes over time. The current work presents and tests the determinants of perceived usefulness. The present study found that higher internet job-seeking efficacy is an important concept which is significantly related to job-seeking activities by positively influencing intention and performance as well as usefulness on the Internet.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.54-64
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• 2022

Airlines have been introducing self check-in kiosks to reduce check-in time and improve operational efficacy to increase business revenue. The domestic airlines have actively provided kiosks at airports which are expected to reduce their operating costs and enrich their passengers' travel convenience. Based on the above background, the study investigates the factors influencing intention to use the self check-in kiosks by employing the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM). The study, therefore, designed a research model by reviewing theories and studies on the relationship among information quality, innovativeness, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and intention to use the kiosks. The structural equation model revealed the following. Information quality and innovativeness had a significantly positive influence on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness; furthermore, perceived ease of use had a significantly positive influence on perceived usefulness. In addition, both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness had a significantly positive influence on intention to use. The results indicate that the airlines should constantly develop user-friendly contents and design of the self check-in kiosks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.837-855
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• 2020

This study develops a business ethics education program and verifies its effects through the implementation of a program for fashion companies. Questionnaires obtained from 161 fashion companies were submitted for an analysis of the education needs of business ethics components using the Borich's Needs Assessments Model and the Locus for Focus model. The business ethics component in the highest rank of the education need was 'promoting social contribution (PSC)'. An education program of PSC was developed based on the problem-based learning method and was implemented for 180 minutes on the CEOs or managerial board members of eleven fashion companies. Education participants showed an improvement in the perceptions of the business ethics component after the education seminar. The self-efficacy and the education effect perceived by participants were maintained 70 days after education. This study is meaningful to gain an empirical evidence of the positive effect of business ethics education implemented on the practitioners of fashion companies. The results will provide a knowledge base and a guideline for business ethics education in the fashion industry.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.65-82
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• 2010

Mobile applications market has emerged as new business model. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of mobile applications adoption. Based on prior studies of TAM and mobile technology/service, service quality, user experience, OS compatibility, self-efficacy, innovativeness, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and cost were identified as affecting factors of mobile applications adoption. According to the results, service quality is significantly related to the perceived usefulness, and self-efficacy and innovativeness are significantly related to the perceived ease of use. User experience was also found to be related to both the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use. In case of OS compatibility, it was found to be significantly related to the perceived ease of use, but not to the perceived usefulness. Both the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use were found to be related to the adoption of mobile applications. However, cost was not found to be significant to the relationship between the perceived usefulness/the perceived ease of use and the adoption of mobile applications. This study contributes to provide the base of activation strategies and practical implications for mobile applications.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.144-147
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• 2003

It is important to understand the process of technology diffusion among end users for effectively implementing adoption and coping with frequent changes in the environment. Previous studies indicate that information and communication technology (ICT) adoption is affected by innovation influence such as usefulness, ease of use and self-efficacy. Most of these studies, however, bypassed imitation influence such as subjective norms, word-of-mouth, and advertising, specifically, interactive innovation having critical mass in technology acceptance research. Thus, this study investigates imitation influence in individual adoption of mobile communication technology, more specifically, mobile phones, using Mahaian's diffusion model in individual ICT adoption.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.1-24
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• 2013

SNS(Social Network Services) is being recognized as an important part in our society, individual lives and corporate business aspects, and the influence of SNS is growing explosively as expansion and supply of infrastructures that support mobile environments increase. Previous studies related to SNS were focused on user acceptance of new technology, based on Technology Acceptance Model(TAM). However, they had a limitation to focus on technology acceptance, without the consideration of personal and behavioral factors in SNS use. However, above all, successful SNS requires the understanding of users who are active on the network. Therefore, from the user's perspective, this study attempted a multi-dimensional approach by reflecting characteristics that come from SNS usage. This study considered user innovation, virtual skill, self-efficacy, social pressure and network effect as independent variables, and perceived ease-of-use, perceived usefulness and perceived value as mediating variables, and intention-to-use as dependent variable. The result showed that user innovation, self-efficacy, social pressure and network effect had a significant effect on the mediating variables. The practical contribution of this study is to suggest useful decision alternatives concerned to marketing strategy for acquiring and retaining lone-term customers related to SNS business.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.89-110
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• 2004

This study examined individual characteristic factors and environmental factors as determinants of entrepreneurial intentions. As for individual characteristic factors, individuals' career orientations and entrepreneurial self-efficacy were examined. As for environmental factors, social supports and successful role models, classified as personal environmental factors, were examined, and social perceptions for entrepreneurs, classified as social environmental factors were also examined. Data were collected from undergraduates of business department, and graduates of the same department. The samples of 208 and 81 for each group were used for final analysis. Results showed that as a whole, career orientations affected entrepreneurial intentions. Specifically, entrepreneurial orientations had positive effects, and security orientations had marginally negative effects on entrepreneurial intentions, while, unexpectedly, autonomy orientations had no significant effects. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy had the strongest positive effects on entrepreneurial intentions. Social supports and successful role models, which were not identified as distinct variables by the respondents, were integrated as a new variable of 'network environments' for analysis in this study. Network environments positively affected on entrepreneurial intentions. Social perceptions for entrepreneurs, however, did not affect on entrepreneurial intentions. Based on the results of career orientations, self-efficacy, and network environment, the implications for activating entrepreneurship were discussed.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2017

Purpose - Because of the development of smartphone and communication technology, Smart TV programs are filled with various contents and applications. This study included additional individual variables like innovativeness and self-efficacy, and characteristics of smart TV are both user-interface and function as exogenous factors based on TAM model. So, this study focuses on identifying the influencing factors of continuous use intention of smart TV traits and user ones and analyzing how they make influences on them in China market. Research design, data, and methodology - Totally 182 samples were adopted as appropriate ones for analysis in this study. They were collected from 20 February 2016 to 10 March 2016. Results - The results are as follows. First, function has positive influence on perceived usefulness. Second, innovation and user-interface make affirmative influences on perceived easiness. Third, perceived easiness has affirmative influence on perceived usefulness. Fourth, the perceived easiness and perceived usefulness make positive ones on continuous use intention. Fifth, perceived ease of use affects significantly on perceived usefulness. Conclusions - According to the findings, they (smart TV traits and user traits), influencing on continuous use intention, are possible to give significant implications on persistent development in China smart TV market.