• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 2021

Purpose: To determine associations of illness symptoms, perception of illness, coping with quality of life (QOL) of thyroid cancer patients and identify factors affecting their QOL. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered questionnaire for 111 thyroid cancer patients after thyroidectomy. They were recruited from the outpatient clinic of one university hospital. Data collection was conducted from August 2018 to November 2018. Results: The QOL was significantly associated with interpersonal coping (β= 0.31, p< .001), monthly household income (β= 0.30, p< .001), illness symptoms (β= -0.22, p= .017), perception of illness (β= -0.20, p= .031), and education (β= 0.18, p= .037) in stepwise multiple regression. These factors explained 33.1% of QOL of thyroid cancer patients. Conclusion: Interpersonal coping is a major contributing factor to QOL. Therefore, thyroid cancer patients need good interpersonal coping for better quality of life.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.73-85
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the Marital Equality Education Program for women farmers and their husband. Based on the empirical research result of 980 women farmers as basic study for developing this program, marital equality theory, system theory, strong family perspective, stress coping theory, anger control theory, modified Couple Communication Program, marriage enrichment methods, 7 session program was developed. The contents of every session were Reviewing Marriage Relationships, Coping Role Stress, Marital Equality, Self Expression & Speaking, Understanding Spouse & Listening, Anger Control& Resolving Conflict, and Enhancing Marital Relations. The effectiveness of this program was evaluated by pretest, post test, and follow-up 1 month later through 35 rural couples(women farmers and their husband) and it was analyzed by paired t-test and qualitative evaluation was also investigated. The major results were as follows : This program was effective in improving their self-esteem, marital satisfaction, coping role stress & conflicts, and husband's egalitarian role attitude & practice. The results suggested the program had also Positive impacts on the marital equality and relationships. Future research and practical implications were added.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.673-684
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to meta-analyze the relationships of major concepts, which were made by synthesizing similar explanatory variables into more comprehensive concepts, to hope. Method: The relevant researches from Jan 1980 to Dec 2003, performed in adults or adult patients, were collected. Using the SAS program, meta-analysis were done with the input data of the number of subjects, the correlation coefficients provided from most of the studies or a few transformed correlation coefficients from F value. In order to get the analysis to be done in homogeneous status of the data regarding each relationship of each major concept to hope(p> 0.05), heterogeneous data were eliminated in repeating Q-test. Result: The major variable regarding relationship to self/transcendental being/life(spiritual wellbeing & self esteem) and social support(social support & family support) have very large positive effects on hope(D=l.72, D=l.27). The negative effect of the variable regarding captive state(uncertainty in illness, perceived unhealthiness status, & fatigue) and positive effect of coping(approach coping) on hope are in the level between moderate to large(D=-0.61, D=0.78). All the effects of the major concepts on hope were verified as significant statistically(p=.000). The Fail -Safe numbers showed the significant effects of the three major concepts except coping on hope were reliable. Conclusion: The results can be a guide to advance hope theory for nursing.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.64-73
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to discuss the difference of stress by the grade, examine the relationship between characteristics and main stress, and to investigate the effect of the National Examination of Registered Nurses on stress by using the stress self-rating scale targeting university nursing students (n=314), The stress self-rating scale consists of three subscales: stress responses, stressors and coping parts, such as perceived social support and a sense of humor. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The results showed that passing the National Examination of Registered Nurses was the first problem among the stressors. Stressors of the living factors and nursing factors, and subjective stressors of the surveyed nursing students were the highest among the senior students, but stressors of nursing factors increased according to the grade of the nursing students. Perceived stress responses were high in psychological responses of other aspects, and perceived stress responses increased according to the grade (p<.001). Senior students had a high weight of perceived stress responses (problem-focused, emotion-focused). and active and negative coping modes. Significant factors that explained the stressors were coping mode(r=.62-82. p<.01) and cognition(r=.19. p<.01). including the social support. These findings suggest that social support was very important for seniors. and that we have to develop approaches to decrease stress according to the student grade for nursing education process.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 1994

Stress is experienced when a person tries to maintain stability in the face of life change but is not able to meet the adaptive demands of change. This can be especially true for the parents who has a cerebral palsy childs who needs long term rare, where parents, are the primary source of care and responsibility. Successful coping leads to maintenance of the parents role and this has an effect on the health status of the child. This descriptive study was attempted to identify stress factors, levels and helpful coping patterns for parents who must take care of cerebral palsy children. Data were collected from 43 subjects who were parents of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy The informations gathered from March 25, 1994 to April 14, 1994 by means of structured questionnaires were analyzed. Two instruments were used to collect the data 1) Lee's stress questionnaire consisted of 33 stress factors and measured by four point Likert scale. 2) Modified Chronic Health Inventory for parents: The modified CHIP included 43 items of coping methods with four point Likert scale. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Stress items could have a maximum score of three points, for a total possible score of 132 points. The mean score for the total was 92.02 points. The item mean score was 2.85 points showing that the parents were experiencing moderate to much stress. 2) The items with the highest stress items were 16 items. The stress items with the lowest mean scores were 10 items. 3) Of the stress categories: The highest stress category was related to changes in the illness status of the child and difficulty in taking rare of the child. The second stressful category was related to the prognosis of the child's condition. The least stress was noticed to social-personal relationships and the responsibility of the care givers. 4) Items measuring coping in the parents had a maximum score of three points each with a total possible roping score of 172 points. The mean score for the total was 103,9 paints. The item mean score was 2.42 points indicating that there were responses of little helpful to moderately helpful on each coping pattern. 5) The most helpful coping items were 7 items. The least helpful coping items were 2 items. 6) Effectiveness of the coping for each patterns was examined : Understanding the illness condition from communication with parents of children with the same condition and consultation with the medical team was the most helpful coping pattern. Family's coorperation and integration and optimism were a moderately helpful coping pattern. Social support psychological stability and self esteem were the least helpful toping pattern. In conclusion, the highest stress for parents of children with cerebropalsy was found to be very stressful changes in the illness of the child and to taking care of a child who is suffering. The parents were helped by the coping methods using understanding of the illness condition through consultation with the medical learn and communication with parents in the same situation. Based on the knowledge, care could develop intervention strategies appropriate for them, help them to develop their effective coping patterns, and give support them in the process of coping with their stress.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.348-358
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• 2001

This study was designed to identify the relationship between the level of sense of coherence(SOC) and coping resources of nurses working in hospital. The subjects of this study were 248 nurses working at C University hospital in Seoul. The data was collected during the period from July 1. to July 14. 2001. The insruments for this study were SOC scale by Antonovsky(1987) and Coping Resources Inventory by author. The analysis of data was done by simple statistics, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient with SAS program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Total mean SOC was 132.1/203.0 with a range 96.0 to 171.0. The mean score of this item was arranged according to three areas. The meaningfulness was 4.9, managability was 4.7, and comprehensibility was 4.2. 2. Total mean coping resources was 144.5/225.0 with a range 93.0 to 190.0. The highest mean score of item according to the area was social support 4.0 and the lowest mean score was self care coping 2.7. 3. A significant statistical difference between age, religion, spending money and SOC was found. 4. Significant statistical difference between age, educational level, spending money, working period and coping resources were found. 5. Coping resources by the level of SOC was high in the highest group of SOC(F=6.19, p=0.00). With respect to the area of coping resources, higher group of SOC was using much coping resources generally except area of leisure. 6. SOC was positively related to age(r=0.17), working periods(r=0.16), each SOC area, coping resources and all area of them except leisure. 7. The coping resources were positively related to age(r=0.21), working periods(r=0.21), SOC (r=0.49), each coping resources area, and each SOC area. In conclusion, we confirmed that the level of SOC of the subjects was low relatively and the high level of sense of coherence was related to the high score of coping resources. Therefore, it could also contribute to select suitable nurses in their fields. In the future, it's necessary to develop strategies improving SOC.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.459-471
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to construct and validate a posttraumatic growth structural model for firefighters based on Calhoun and Tedeschi's model (2006). Methods: The research data was collected from 200 firefighters working in Gyeongsang-do, Jeolla-do, and Gyeonggi-do. The participants completed an anonymous survey asking about ego-resilience, active coping, family support, organizational support, self-exposure, deliberate rumination, posstraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth. Results: The model selected as a final model was the one that supports 10 hypotheses out of 13 hypotheses. In the final model, deliberate rumination (β=.59, p<.001) had a significant effect in the posttraumatic growth of firefighters. Active coping, organizational support, self-exposure, ego-resilience and posttraumatic stress had a significant indirect effect. The explanatory power of these variables was 36.0%. Conclusion: The results of the survey show that it is important to develop a strategy to strengthen deliberate rumination. In addition, encouraging deliberate rumination through organizational support and self-exposure can promote posttraumatic growth of firefighters.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.266-278
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a substantive theory on self-management conducted by the adolescents with chronic kidney disease from their lived experience. Methods: Data was collected through in-depth interviews from May to December in 2015 with thirteen adolescents with chronic kidney disease. The data collected were analyzed on the basis of Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory. Results: The core of the category found in this study was "overcoming the unstable sense of self- control and integrating disease experience into their life". The causal conditions triggering the central phenomenon were "restriction in daily life" and "manifestation and aggravation of symptom". The central phenomenon in the experience of self-management within the adolescents with chronic kidney disease was "unstable sense of self control". The intervening condition for unstable self control were "micro system support" and "motivational resources". This study found that the adolescents with chronic kidney disease followed a series of strategies when they faced the central phenomenon, including; passive coping, reappraisal of illness, active coping, compliance with treatment, controlling physical activity, and adjusting school life. With these strategic approaches, the adolescents with chronic kidney disease could maintain their active lifestyles and achieve their health behaviors. The process of self-management by these adolescents passed through four phases; limited experience caused by diseases, effort for normalization, reorganizing their daily lives, and integration with daily lives and self-management. Conclusion: This Study explored the process and experience of self-management of adolescents with chronic kidney disease. These findings can be used for basis for developing substantive theory and nursing intervention strategy for adolescents with chronic kidney diseases.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.165-176
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to contribute to family nursing in the areas of reducing stress and improving coping for parents of mentally retarded children. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires during a period of 2 months between November 1994 and January 1995 in the Kyoung-in area. The subjects consist of 176 parents (88 mothers and 88 fathers) of mentally retarded children attending schools for the handicapped. The levels of general stress and of parental role stress were measured with the General stress scale and the Parental role stress scale, respectively. The coping scale developed by Folkman ＆ LaZarus was adopted to measure the level of coping, and the patterns of adaptation scale developed by Damrosch ＆ Perry was adopted to measure the patterns of adaptation. The data were analyzed by a SAS program using Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and oneway ANOVA. The results are as follows ; 1. The level of general stress was significantly higher in mothers than in fathers. Mothers experienced a significantly greater level of parental role stress than fathers did. No significant difference in the level of coping was observed between mothers and fathers. There were differences in maternal and paternal patterns of adaptation. 2. The adaptation pattern of fathers was different according to their level of general stress, parental role stress and coping. The adaptation pattern of mothers was not different according to their level of general stress and parental role stress, but was according to their level of coping. 3. General stress experienced by fathers was different according to education, health status and support from their spouses. Satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with spouse and the support from spouse influenced coping used by fathers. Their level of parental role stress was not associated with any of their general characteristics. 4. In mothers, the level of general stress was different according to their health status, the level of parental role stress was related to satisfaction with family life and satisfaction with spouse. Their level of coping was associated with the sup port from spouse. The above findings indicate that mothers did not have more coping strategies than fathers did, despite the results which showed that mothers experienced greater stress than fathers did. Especially, the adaptation pattern of mothers was different according to their level of coping. Hence, nursing interventions directed at managing stress and improving coping should be used with mothers who use adaptation pattern 1. In particular, fathers should actively participate in parenting, and support their spouses.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.475-483
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to identify stress levels due to end-of-life care, coping strategies, and psychological well-being among nurses in neonatal intensive care unit, and to investigate the effect of stress levels and coping strategies on their well-being. Methods: A total of 128 nurses in the neonatal intensive care units of general hospitals in B city participated. The data were collected using a self-report questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, ANOVA, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical regression with SPSS version 22.0. Results: The coping strategy that nurses most often used was seeking social support. The factors affecting the well-being of the participants were wishful thinking, problem-focused coping and seeking social support, in order. Those 3 variables explained 21 % of the total variance in psychological well-being. Problem-focused coping and seeking social support were positively associated with psychological well-being, while wishful thinking showed a negative association. Conclusion: In order to improve the psychological well-being of nurses in neonatal intensive care units, it is necessary to provide nurses with a program to build a social support system and to improve their problem-based coping skills.