• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

Purpose: Many trials for new therapeutic approaches such as stem cell-based transplantation have been conducted to improve the repair and regeneration of injured cord tissue and to restore functions following spinal cord injury (SCI) in animals and humans. Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ATSCs) have multi-lineage potential to differentiate into cells with neuron-like morphology. Most studies of stem cell transplantation therapy after SCI are focused on cellular regeneration and restoration of motor function, but not on unwanted effects after transplantation such as neuropathic pain. This study was focused on whether transplantation of ATSCs could facilitate or attenuate hindpaw pain responses to heat, cold and mechanical stimulation, as well as on improvement of locomotor function in a rat with SCI. Methods: A spinal cord injury rat model was produced using an NYU impactor by dropping a 10 g rod from a height of 25 mm on to the T9 segment. Human ATSCs (hATSCs; approximately $5{\times}10^5$ cells) or DMEM were injected into the perilesional area 9 days after the SCI. After transplantation, hindpaw withdrawal responses to heat, cold and mechanical allodynia were measured over 7 weeks. Motor recovery on the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale and on the inclined plane test were also evaluated. Results: The present study demonstrated that increased hindpaw withdrawal responses to cold allodynia was observed in both groups after transplantation, but the development of cold-induced allodynia in the hATSC transplantation group was significantly larger than in the control group. The difference between the two groups in locomotor functional improvement after SCI was also significant. Conclusion: Careful consideration not only of optimal functional benefits but also of unintended side effects such as neuropathic pain is necessary before stem cell transplantation therapy after SCI.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2009

Catheter related and perianal problems are common surgical complications encountered during the treatment of pediatric malignancies. However acute surgical abdominal emergencies are rare. The aim of this study is to review acute surgical abdominal complications that occur during the treatment of childhood malignancies. Out of a total of 1,222 patients who were newly diagnosed with malignant disease, between January 2003 and May 2008, there were 10 patients who required surgery because of acute abdominal emergencies. Their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Hematologic malignancies were present in 7 patients (4 leukemia, 2 lymphoma, 1 Langerhans cell histiocytosis) and solid tumors in 3 patients (1 adrenocortical carcinoma, 1 desmoplastic small round cell tumor, 1 rhabdomyosarcoma). Seven patients had intestinal obstruction, two had gastrointestinal perforation and one, typhlitis. Intestinal obstructions were treated with resection of the involved segment with (N=2) or without (N=3) enterostomy. Two patients had enterostomy alone when resection could not be performed. Intestinal perforation was treated with primary repair. Typhlitis of the ascending colon was treated with ileostomy. Right hemicolectomy was necessary the next day because of the rapidly progressing sepsis. Three patients are now alive on chemotherapy and one patient was lost to followed-up. Among six patients who died, five died of their original disease progression and one of uncontrolled sepsis after intestinal perforation. Although rare, acute surgical abdominal complications can occur in childhood malignancies. Rapid and accurate diagnosis and appropriate operation are required for effective treatment of the complications.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1998

Visual system of Korean Salamander(Hynobius leechi) was morphologically studied. Fertilized eggs in egg sacs were collected and were developed in sterile saline solution. Various sized larvae of 5-30mm in length were fixed. Specimens were paraffin sectioned and were observed under light microscope. In 5mm length larva, lens rudiment induced by optic cup was combined with sensory ectoderm. The shape of lens was changed as spherical in 12mm length larva, but the retinal layer did not differentiated into three layers. The differentiation of retinal layer was clear in 14-16mm length larva. The central region of lens fibers was degenerated. Iris and ciliary body were formed from the marginal zone of optic cup in 20mm length larva. Choroid was thicker in elder eye of 30mm length larva and cartilage developed at outer region of optic cup. The outer segment of photoreceptor cell layer grew longitudinally. Optic nerve was connected to the ventral part of brain through cartilage.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.640-646
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• 1990

We have cloned the cdd gene from E. coli C600 using (cdd-) as a host. From the sequenced promoter region of E=, coli cdd gene which has been determined by Valentin-Hansen P. (1985), we synthesized the 23 mer oligonucleotides corresponding to the transcription initiation region and used as a probe for cloning of the cdd gene by Southern blotting. The isolated fragments in the blotting were introduced to the colony hybridization after transforming it into the E. coli JF611 (cdd-, pyr double mutant), and we identified the hybridized band at 27 kb long. From the original insert of 27 kb fragment in theBamHI site of pBR322, the 5.3 kb fragment containing the cdd gene was isolated by subsequent deletion and subeloning. From the derived plasmid pTK509, further deletion and subcloning were performed and clarified that the cdd gene was located in the 2.1 kb of SaZI/DraI segment in the insert of pTK605. The polypeptide encoded by the cloned DNA was appeared to be a molecular mass of 33,000.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• 제36C권12호
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• pp.90-97
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• 1999

Recently, there have been many researches to automate processing and analysing image data in medical field, due to the advance of image processing techniques, the fast communication network and high performance hardware. In this paper, we design and implement the system based on the multi-layer neural network model to be able to analyze, differentiate and count blood cells in the peripheral blood image. To do these, we segment red and white-blood cell in blood image acquired from microscope with CCD(Charge-coupled device) camera and then apply the various feature extraction algorithms to classify. In addition to, we reduce multi-variate feature number using PCA(Principle Component Analysis) to construct more efficient classifier. So, in this paper, we are sure that the proposed system can be applied to a pathological guided system.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pigmental reaction and blood components, such as white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, monocyte, red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, mean corpuscular index (mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)), hematocrit, platelet and neutrophil segment, after Cupping Glass Therapy (CGT). Subjects: Twenty-five healthy adults participated in this study; Methods: Subjects had undergone CGT for 5 days and were divided into two groups (dark color (DCG) and light color (LCG)) depending the level of pigmental reaction. Blood was collected from each subject at the beginning of this study and recollected after 5 day s'CGT. Results: The percentage of lymphocytes was higher in LCG than in DCG after CGT (p<.01) and was significantly increased in LCD after CGT (p<.01), The number of RBC was more in DCG than in LCG both before (p<.01) and after CGT (p<.05). The amount of hemoglobin was more in DCG than in LCG both before (p<.01) and after CGT (p<.01) and was significantly increased in LCD after CGT (p<.01). Mean corpuscular index showed that both MCH (p<.05) and MCHC (p<.01) were higher in DCG than in LCG after CGT, but only MCHC before CGT (p<.01). It also showed either decreased MCV (p<.01) or increased MCHC in LCD after CGT (p<.01). Hematocrite was higher in DCG than in LCG both before (p<.01) and after CGT (p<.01). The percentage of neutrophil segments was higher in BCG than In LCG after CGT (p<.01) and was significantly decreased in LCD after CGT (p<.05). However, neither the number of WBC and platelets nor the percentage of monocytes was significantly different between DCG and LCG either before or after CGT. Conclusion: Pigmental reaction was significantly related to the changes of blood conponents after CGT. The results of this study suggest that CGT may have an effect on the components of blood cells.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2002

Abnormal distribution of the enteric nerves such as adrenergic, cholinergic and peptidergic nerves may cause the functional obstruction in Hirschsprung's disease (HD). Although the sustained contraction of the aganglionic segment is the main pathophysiology of HD, the etiology and pathogenesis is not thoroughly understood, With the recent progress of molecular biology and genetics,a more detailed approach to the pathogenesis of the HD can be undertaken. In this review, the roles of the nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase and interstitial cells of Cajal on smooth muscle relaxation, the effects of extracellular matrix, cell adhesion molecules, neurotrophic factors on the migration and maturation of the neural crest cells are described. In the section of genetic factors, familial occurrences, association of chromosomal abnormalities, RET gene, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor gene, endothelin-3 gene and endothelin-B receptor gene and their r elationships to HD is briefly reviewed.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2008

The introduction of confocal microscopy makes it possible to observe the structural change of live neuronal cell. Neuro-degenerative disease, such as Alzheimer;s and Parkinson’s diseases are especially related to the morphological change of dendrite spine. That’s the reason for the study of segmentation and extraction from confocal microscope image. The difficulty comes from uneven intensity distribution and blurred boundary. Therefore, the image processing technique which can overcome these problems and extract the structural information should be suggested. In this paper, we propose robust structural information extracting technique with confocal microscopy images of dendrite in brain neurons. First, we apply the nonlinear diffusion filtering that enhance the boundary recognition. Second, we segment region of interest using iterative threshold selection. Third, we perform skeletonization based on Fast Marching Method that extracts centerline and boundary for analysing segmented structure. The result of the proposed method has been less sensitive to noise and has not been affected by rough boundary condition. Using this method shows more accurate and objective results.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.287-291
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• 1994

In order to elucidate the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on the abnormality of somatic embryos, somatic embryos were induced from embryogenic cell clumps derived from cotyledon segment of Aralia cordata. When embryogenic cell clumps were pretreated medium containing 0.2 mg/L ABA for 3 weeks before transferring to MS basal medium, the frequency of embryos with normal cotyledons enhanced 68% as compared with control. However when clumps pretreated in medium containing 0.2 mg/L ABA were transferred to medium containing 0.1 mg/L ABA, the Sequency decreased to about 29%. In the case of globular embryos cultures in medium containing various concentrations of ABA (0.01 to 1.0mg/L), the frequency of dicotyledonary embryo formation decreased propotionally to ABA concentration. Also, when somatic embryos at various stages were cultured in medium containing ABA, those with polycotyledons appeared at higher frequency.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this paper was to suggest new diagnostic method that was to supersede the estimation of electrical properties at acupoints. Thus, we developed the multi- frequencies bioelectrical impedance measurement system so as to analyze the state of bio-ions in body fluid as body compositions, not skin impedance at acupoint. Methods : At low frequency, the current does not penetrate the cell membrane and at high frequency, the current passes through both intracellular and extracellular fluid because of the decreas of cell membrane impedance. To confirm the reflection of composition in extracellular fluid or intracellular fluid of segment such as acupoint, the system was developed to detect the acupoint potential between adjacent two points in the area of LU3, LU4 and LU9 using 5,50 and 200KHz. Results : The detected acupoint potential has been decreased according to elevation of frequency. As a result of correlation of left/right identical acupoint, we observed a high correlation of three types of acupoint potential at multi-frequencies. Moreover, we observed the low correlation at 5KHz, and that was a significant factor to be considered as unbalanced relationship of identical acupoints. Conclusions : On the basis of meridian theoretical point of view, we may infer the acupoint's physiological composition using the multi-frequencies bioelectrical impedance measurement system.