• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.432-436
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• 2002

This study was conducted in 2001 to determine the influence of seed-piece size (SPS) and number (SPN) per mini-tuber produced by hydroponics on growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Treatments consisted of the combination of six SPS (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13g/seed-piece) and four SPN (whole tuber, and two, three, and four pieces/tuber). Percentage sprout emergence at transplanting was higher for seed pieces weighing 7 to 13 g (83.0 to 85.4%) and for three and four pieces per tuber (85.4 and 84.8%). As SPS were increased from 3 to 9 g/piece, total yields markedly increased from 2,052 to 2,924 kg/10a and seed tuber (31 to 250 g) yield from 1,589 to 2,428kg/10a with no further increase with SPS. As SPN was increased from one to three/ tuber, total yields increased from 1,918 to 2,982 kg/10a and seed tuber yields from 1,422 to 2,579 kg/10a with no further increase with SPN. Average tuber weight increased with SPS (46.3 to 71.5 g/tuber) and SPN (56.5 to 64.9 g/tuber).

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.106-110
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• 1985

This trial was carried out to find out the optimum ridge and seeding rate for the seed production of Festuca arundinacea S. (variety Alta). It was composed of three ridge level (12, 18 and 24cm) and four seeding rates (10, 15, 20 and 25kg/ha) in a split-plot design with 4 replications. The experiment lasted from September 1979 to October 1981. 1. The beginning of heading state was May 12 and the date of full flowering stage was June 2. The optimum stage for the seed harvesting of Festuca arundinacea was about 43 days after beginning of heading stage. 2. The number of panicles were 157 per square meter from the best treatment 18cm ridge with 15kg seed/ha. And the 1000 grain weight was 2.79g for the treatment 12cm ridge with 10kg seed/ha. 3. The average seed yield for two years was 681kg/ha and the largest 831kg/ha for the treatment 18cm ridge with 25kg seed/ha. 4. the average germination rate of the harvested seed was 90.7 percent, and it showed a little higher germination rate from the lower level of seeding rate. 5. The average total DM production with two cuttings of aftermath was about 6715kg/ha. According to the increasing seeding rate and narrowing the ridge, DM yield was higher.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.259-265
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• 2004

This study was designed to examine the effects of diets containing different levels of seeds of Benincasa hispida (wax-gourd)on plasma glucose, insulin levels and lipid profiles in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were induced diabetes mellitus by STZ injection (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein and were divide into 4 groups: normal, STZ-control, two experimental groups. Normal and STZ-control groups were fed an AIN-93 diet and 2 experi-mental groups were fed a modified diet containing 2.5% and 5.0% of wax gourd seed powder for 4 weeks. The weight gain and feed efficiency ratio in 5.0% seed groups were higher than in STZ-control group. A significant lowering effects of plasma glucose levels were observed in the wax gourd seed 2.5% and 5.0 groups. The plasma insulin level did not differ after treatment with wax gourd seed in experimental rats. The intake of 2.5% wax gourd seed did not result in sig-nificant change in plasma cholesterol levels compared to diabetic control group. The intake of 2.5% wax gourd seeds had normalized the increased levels of plasma triglyceride and free fatty acids after 4 weeks. In 5% wax gourd seed group, cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels were elevated compared to 2.5% wax gourd seed group. The results of the present study indicate that 2.5% wax gourd seed group would be more effective to control the diabetes than 5% wax gourd seed group.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.527-533
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• 2003

This study was performed for increasing the consumption and developing the function of pumpkin(Cucurbita moschata DUCH.) seed. The changes of the contents of general chemical compositions, fatty acids, amino acids, ascorbic acid and ${\beta}$-carotene during sprouting were analyzed. Also, the bitter taste, which was produced during sprouting, were purified by using thin layer chromatography and preparative high pressure liquid chromatography. The purified bitter compound was identified by mass spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance($^1$H '||'&'||' $\^$13/C-NMR). Weight of pumpkin seed sprout was increased to 348.4% and the length of stem was dramatically increased at 8 days. In each head and stem parts of the pumpkin seed sprout, the contents of protein and lipid were decreased, however, the contents of fiber, ash and soluble inorganic nitrogen were increased. The fatty acids of the pumpkin seed sprout were mainly represented as linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. During sprouting, palmitic acid was gradually increased, reversely, linoleic acid was gradually decreased. The general amino acids of head part in the pumpkin seed sprout grown at 23$^{\circ}C$ during 8 days were orderly more contained glycine, alanine, arginine, cystein and proline. Those of free amino acids were orderly more contained arginine, threonine, alanine and glutamine. The contents of L-ascorbic acid and ${\beta}$-camtene of the pumpkin seed sprout were gradually increased with increasing sprouting days. The bitter taste material of head part of the pumpkin seed sprout was detected at Rf value 0.72 on silicagel TLC plate and separuted as one peak by HPLC. The chemical structure of the puified bitter compound was identified as a cucurbitacin glycoside by MS and NMR. The content of bitter compound at 8 days was contained 42.2 mg per 1kg sprout head.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.237-243
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• 1992

To determine effects of simulated acid rain on the growth and yield of rice, soybean and sesame, and on the soil acidity, two cultivars of rice, soybean and sesame were exposed twice a week to one of four simulated rain acidities[pH 2. 6, 3. 6, 4. 6 and 5. 6(control)]. The plants were protected from ambient rain by a polyethylene film cover. No visible damage due to the simulated acid rain was observed at any stage of growth for either of the crops. In rice, heading date, plant height and yield components except ripening ratio were not significantly affected by the pH ofsimulated rain, but the ripening ratio and rough rice yield linearly decreased as the pH of simulated rain was decreased. In soybean, maturing date and yield components except 100 seed weight were not significantly influenced by the pH of simulated rain, but the 100 seed weight and yield linearly decreased as the pH of simulated rain was decreased. Seed yield and the other agronomic characteristics of sesame were not significantly affected by the pH of simulated rain. Soil pH after cropping rice, soybean and sesame decreased as pH of simulated rain was decreased.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1531-1539
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• 2009

This study compared the nutritional value of canola (B. napa) and mustard (B. hirta) press cakes obtained from the biodiesel industry as ingredients for use in diets fed to broiler chickens. A total of 210, one-day old, male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to one of seven dietary treatments. The control diet was based on wheat and soybean meal and contained 15% canola meal. For the experimental diets, 5, 10 or 15% of the canola meal was replaced with an equal amount of either canola or mustard biodiesel press cake. Dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility were significantly higher for birds fed diets containing either canola or mustard biodiesel press cake compared with canola meal. Dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility of the canola biodiesel press cakes was higher than the mustard biodiesel press cakes. Ether extract digestibility and nitrogen retention were significantly higher for birds fed canola biodiesel press cake compared with canola meal and mustard biodiesel press cake. Body weight gain and feed intake did not differ between birds fed canola or mustard biodiesel press cake and canola meal. In addition, there was no significant difference in body weight gain or feed intake between birds fed diets containing canola or mustard biodiesel press cake. Feed conversion was significantly improved for birds fed either canola or mustard biodiesel press cake compared with canola meal. Mortality was unaffected by treatment. Since the performance of broilers fed canola biodiesel press cakes was essentially the same as that of broilers fed canola meal, it is difficult to justify a premium to be paid for canola biodiesel press cake over that paid for canola meal. In addition, there was no difference in the performance of broilers fed biodiesel press cake obtained from canola or mustard seed. As mustard seeds are generally available at a lower price than canola seed, there may be some incentive to use mustard rather than canola seed for producing biodiesel press cake for use in poultry production.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2009

The antifertility activity of methanol extract of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. stem (MECR) and Corchorus olitorius Linn. seed (MECO) were studied on male Swiss albino mice. The extracts were found to decrease sperm count, percentage of motile sperm and testosterone level in treated mice when compared with vehicle control after 17 days of treatment. The weight of gonads, epididymis were decreased whereas no significant changes of the body weight of mice were observed after methanol extract treatments. The fertility test showed 100% negative result in MECR and MECO treated mice at medium and high dose level of treatment. MECR and MECO in low (25 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg, respectively), medium (50 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively) and high (75 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg, respectively) dose level caused a simultaneous fall in testicular ${\Delta}5$-$3{\beta}$-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities which are involved in testicular steroidogenesis. Total cholesterol and ascorbic acid content in testis were increased significantly in gonads. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase and ascorbic acid oxidase were reduced whereas that of carbonic anhydrase was increased significantly in the testis of MECR and MECO treated mice. All these observations indicate that the methanol extract of C. reflexa stem and C. olitorius seed produced antifertility activity in sexually matured male mice, which may be due to inhibition of gonadal steroidogenesis. This activity may be attributed due to the presence of flavonoids and steroids, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.523-531
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• 1994

Optimal conditions for the seed germination and growth of Hedyotis diffusa were studied. As photoperiod was increased from 12 hr to 24hr, the germination rate of Hedyotis diffusa was gradually increased. The photoperiod and temperature inflenced on the fermination synergistically. After the growth of 20 weeks under the natural condition (June~Oct.), the length of H. diffusa was $38.9{\pm}4.2cm$ (15.5~52.5cm), and total dry weight per $3.3m^2$ was $316.7{\pm}10.3g$. It is considered that H. diffusa could be cultivated in a part of inland. The anticancer effect of H. diffusa extract was examined. F-344 rats aged 6 weeks were divided into 3 groups and were given an I.P. of diethylnitrosamine at 200mg/kg body weight as a promoter, initially. And in two weeks after the beginnign of the experiment, group 1 was supplied iwth feed containing 0.02% 2-AAG as a promoter for 6 weeks. Group 2 was supplied with feed containing extracts of H.diffusa (0.02%) for two weeks. Group3 was supplied with only basal diet. All rats were sacrificed for partial hepatectomu, and the antipromoting effect was examined by the number 문 area per $cm^2$ of foci in river. In group 1, the number of hyperplastic nodule was $18.5{\pm}7.7$, but in group2, it was drastically reduced to $10.3{\pm}1.8$ rather thn those of group1. The total area of nodules $(mm^2)$ /whole liver $(cm^2)$ of group 1 and group2 were $19.2{\pm}7.7$ and $5.0{\pm}3.2$, respectively. These results indicate that extract of H.diffusa act as an anticancer agent at statistically significant level (p<0.001).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.232-236
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• 2006

This study was carried out to establish of hydroponic culture system for year-round mass production of yam and for supply of disease-free seed tubers from the superior yam species. There were not difference in tuber weight between 9 hrs photoperiod(640mg) and natural photoperiod(600mg). However, longer photoperiod than 9 hrs such as 12 hrs and 15 hrs decreased tuber weight to 490 and 500g, respectively, which sugested that long photoperiod showed adverse effect for tuber enlargement. Tuber enlargement of Dioscorea opposite according to ionic strength was higher at 50% nutrient of Sanyak's standard solution. The optimal concentration of NAA for the best tuber growth showed at 100mg/L as a 560mg while control showed a relatively lower tuber growth(350mg).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.221-221
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• 2017

This experiment was performed to analyze variation of growth traits of soybean to determine the information of less sensitive traits under different environmental conditions. Sowing was carried out on June 2 each year and the experimental plot was laid out in three replicates by randomized complete block design with thirty soybean varieties which consisted of 19 cultivars for beancurd and soypaste, 8 cultivars for soy-sprout including 1 landrace, and 3 cultivars for cooking with rice including 1 landrace during the period 2014-2015. The weather conditions during the experimental period were quite different with extremely low precipitation and longer sunshine duration in 2015 than 2014. The variation of characteristics related to growth period such as days of growth, days of maturity, days of flowering and the 100-seed weight was less in spite of different environmental conditions. While the variation of the number of pods per plant was high. Considering growth and seed characteristics like the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight which are linked directly to the yield, cultivars such as Shingi, Daewonkong, Danbaegkong, and Daepung for beancurd and soypaste, Pungwon, Haepum and Shingang for soy-sprout and Seoritae for cooking with rice were more stable and could be expected to have high yield in Suwon, the south-central part of South Korea. These results could be useful for the selection of breeding resources to develop cultivars with high stability under changeable weather condition.