• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.221-226
• /
• 1997

Improvement of seed protein quality might be an essential issus in soybean and would give more profit directly to both farmers and users. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of reduced-S form(s) on seed storage protein components in soybean during seed filling stages. The reduced-S forms during seed fill were sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium sulfide, thioaceteat, $\beta$-mercaptoethanol, thiourea, thiamine-HCI, L-cysteine, L-cystine, and L-methionine. Seed storage protein concentration did not appear to be affected by any reduced-S forms. However, glycinin and $\beta$-conglycinin concentration seemed to be changed greatly by L-methionine. This resulted in the increase in the 11S/7S ratio(3.58). Among the $\beta$-conglycinin, $\beta$-subunit was not accumulated at all. $\alpha$-subunit concentration appeared to be decreased and $\alpha'$-subunit concentration was not altered in comparison with sulfate control. Also, $\beta$-conglycine concentration, especially $\beta$-subunit concentration, tended to be decreased with L-cystine treatment, resulting in an increase in the 11S/7S ratio(1.83). The glycinin concentration tended to be increased at the expense of the decrease in the $\beta$-conglycinin concentration. Therefore, it is suggested that enhancing soybean protein quality would be achieved by improving metabolic pathways of S assimilation in soybean plants during seed filling period under sulfate-sufficient condition.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.205-212
• /
• 2009

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain texture is an important determinant of milling properties and end product use. Two linked genes, puroindoline a (PINA) and puroindoline b (PINB), control most of the genetic variation in wheat grain texture. Wheat seed proteins were examined to identify PINA and PINB gene using two pre-harvest sprouting wheat cultivars; Jinpum (resistant) and Keumgang (susceptible).Wheat seed proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis with IEF gels over pH ranges: pH 3-10. A total of 73 spots were digested with trypsin resulting peptide fragmentation were analyzed by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). Mass spectra were automatically processed and searched through NCBInr, SWISS-PORT and MSDB database with mono isotopic masses and complete gene sequence were found by UniProt database. Puroindoline a and puroindoline b that is responsible for grain texture related with baking performance and roughness. Two spots were found Pin b (16.7 kDa) and Pin a (16.3 kDa) in Jinpum compare to seven spots were identified Pin a (16.1 kDa, 16.3 kDa) and Pin b (16.7 kDa, 9.5 kDa and 14.4 kDa) in Keumgang. Some selected spots were identified puroindoline like grain softness protein (16.9 kDa, 17 kDa and 18.1 kDa) in Keumgang. Moreover, to gain a better inferring the identification of puroindoline related proteins using proteomics, we accomplished a complete gene sequence of PINA and PINB gene in pre-harvesting sprouting wheat seeds between resistant (Jinpum) and susceptible (Keumgang).

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2002

Molecular faming has the potential to provide large amounts of recombinant protein for use in diagnostics and as therapeutics. Various strategies have been developed to enhance the expression level, stability, and native folding of recombinant proteins produced in plants. Few investigations into the subcellular distribution of recombinant proteins within plant cells have been published despite the potential to increase the expression level and impact the purification process. This review article discusses the current strategies used for targeting recombinant proteins to various subcellular locations and the advantages of targeting to seed oil bodies for molecular farming applications. Specifically, the affinity capture of antibodies using recombinant oilbodies is discussed.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.227-232
• /
• 2008

Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses in agriculture worldwide. We report here a proteomic approach to investigate the impact of post-fertilization drought on grain quality in rice seed endosperm (Oryza sativa cv. IR-64). Plants were stressed for 4 days at 3 days before heading. Total proteins of endosperm were extracted and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Not many protein spots showed differential accumulation in drought-stressed samples. More than 400 protein spots were reproducibly detected, including three that were up-regulated and five down-regulated. Mass spectrometry analysis and database searching helped us to identify six spots representing different proteins. Functionally, the identified proteins were related to protein synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, such as Granule-Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS, Wx protein), which is thought to play a very important role in starch biosynthesis and quality, a very crucial factor in determining rice grain quality.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.272-275
• /
• 1992

Relative content(% weight) of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and crude ashs in seed of korean green tea plant(Camellia simecis L.) are not different from those in seed of sunflower and safflower. However, the Camellia seed contains much higher crude saponin content(12.2%) than that of sesame(0.29%) or peanut(0.63%). It also contains 82% unsaturated fatty acids including oleic acid and contains tocopherol $(22\;{\mu}g/g,\;{\alpha}-form\;only)$ that is significantly less than of other oil-seed.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.263-271
• /
• 2011

Rice is one of the most important food crops since it is consumed by approximately 60% of the world's population. The most abundant component of rice grain is starch that is an important source of energy. The second abundant component is protein, which is an important protein source for people in many developing countries that rarely take animal protein. However, the rice protein lacks the essential amino acid lysine. Therefore, nutritional improvement in the essential amino acid composition of rice proteins is required. On the other side, rice grain has attracted attention as a diet and health food in developed countries, because its proteins have superior physiological and food processing properties. Thus, nutritional improvements in rice seed proteins by changing amino acid composition or introducing an useful protein or peptide have been studied. This review aims at assessing the current research status of biosynthesis, accumulation, genetic improvement of seed storage proteins by mutation or genetic engineering in rice.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.334-341
• /
• 2005

Plants are sessile and rely on a wide variety of growth hormones to adjust growth and development in response to internal and external stimuli. We have identified a gene, designated NAN, encoding a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor that regulates cell elongation and seed germination in plants. NAN has an HLH motif in its C-terminal region but does not have any other discernible homologies to bHLH proteins. A bipartite nuclear localization signal is located close to the HLH motif. An Arabidopsis mutant, nan-1D, in which NAN is activated by the insertion of the 35S enhancer, exhibits growth retardation with short hypocotyls and curled leaves. It is also characterized by reduced seed germination and apical hook formation, symptomatic of GA deficiency or disrupted GA signaling. The phenotypic effects of nan-1D were increased by treatment with paclobutrazol (PAC), an inhibitor of gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis. NAN is constitutively expressed throughout the life cycle. Our observations indicate that NAN has a housekeeping role in plant growth and development, particularly in seed germination and cell elongation, and that it may modulate GA signaling.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.177-182
• /
• 1993

The pericarp of Cornus officinalis is well known famous medicinal drug in oriental countries. In this work, we have tried to evaluate the toxicity and also to find the lectin components from this seed. The lyophilized seed extract was lethal to experimental mouse at $250{\sim}300mg/kg$ and this toxic components were related to proteins. The lectins components were partially purified from the extract by ion exchange column chromatography. These lectins were relatively stable at temperature variations and also stable at pH $4{\sim}7$. The activity of these lectins did not inhibit by common carbohydrates molecules.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.150-155
• /
• 1999

The possibility of grape seeds as industrial resources was tested by analyzing various chemical proper-ties of their oils from seven different species. The range of crude oil content of the grape seeds was 26.0-32.0% showing the highest content in Steuden, Mean individual fatty acid contents in the grape seeds were lioleic (70.75%) oleic (18.48%) stearic (2.01%) and palmitic (8.45%) acids. Stearic acid was low in Jingyu and high oleic acid was found in Fugiminori compared with other grape strains. Total lipirds were consisted of nutral lipid (87.25%) glycolipid(4.68%) and phospholipid *8.06%) Content of crude proteins was approximatery 11.2% with some variation between strains. Total sugar content was 2.35~5.63$\mu$g/mg with reducing sugar 3.20$\mu$g/mg. Mean saponification value of crude oils was 186.3mg.KOH.oil Antioxidant activity of grape seed oils was better than that of sesame oil resulting in the hi-oils and sesame oil after heat treatment at 18$0^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
• /
• 1996.10a
• /
• pp.179.2-179
• /
• 1996

No Abstract, See Full Text