• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2012

상추의 채종효율을 증진하기 위해서는 잎상추의 경우는 14엽기에 GA₃ 20mg/ℓ, 결구상추의 경우 혼합처리인 8+14엽기의 GA₃ 20mg/ℓ처리가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. GA₃처리에 의한 고사율의 감소로 채종량이 엽상추는 50.9 → 14엽기 61.7ℓ/10a로 21% 증수 할 수 있었으며, 결구상추는 그 효과는 적었으나 8+14엽기에 GA₃ 20mg/ℓ처리시 무처리에 비해 14.2 →21.1ℓ/10a로 14.9% 증수효과가 있었다. 특히 결구상추 채종을 위해서는 6월 이후에 파종하는 것이 무름병과 균핵병에 의한 부패율을 경감시킬 수 있었다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제22권
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

Pod-edible bean or snap bean is a fairly new crop to domestic farmers but the national demand is steadily increasing in recent years along with the development of western food business and change in dietary patterns. At the same time, much efforts are being made to export it to foreign country, mainly to Japan. The amount of seeds introduced from outside is also continuously increasing along with the enlargement of area planted for the crop. Hybridization breeding for the crop has already been started to supply the cheaper and better seeds which will reduce the seed costs and foster the higher income to the farmers. In this experiment, several technologies related with the production of quality seeds are preliminary investigated. Some of the results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Highly significant interaction was recognized between planting dates and no. of pods per plant and no. of branches but no interaction between planting dates and plant height and no. of nodes on main stem. Days to maturity was proportionally reduced to later planting dates. 2. Rate of viviparous pods and seeds was gradually increased in later planting dates but rate of germination was increased in earlier planting dates with lower germination rate in white seed coat grains than in colored seed ones. 3. Seed yield was higher in the earlier planting dates with a great deal of varietal difference. Early to mid April was considered to he the optimum planting dates for snap bean in Kyungbuk area. High correlation was recognized between seed yield and no. of pods per plant, no. of seeds per plant, and 100 seed weight. 4. Days to flowering was three and seven days longer in Cheongsong, high mountainous area than in Kunwi, somewhat prairie lowland. One hundred seed weight was also higher in Cheongsong than in Kunwi. Rate of viviparous grains, pods, and decayed seeds was higher in Cheongsong but, at the same time, the rate of germination and seed yield was also higher in Cheongsong. 5. One hundred seed weight of KLG5007 increased continuously up to 35days after flowering and decreased thereafter but that of KLG50027 increased to 40days after flowering and slowly reduced thereafter. The content of crude oil reached to maximum at 40 days after flowering and reduced thereafter. The rate of germination in Gangnangkong 1 was the highest, 89.3%, at 35 days after flowering and reduced thereafter while that in KLG50027 reached to maximum, 70.7%. at 40days after flowering and reduced thereafter. Thus, the optimum harvesting time for snap bean was considered to be 35~40days after flowering. 6. The snap bean pods at yellow bean stage easily became viviparous ones under saturated moisture conditions for 24 hours at $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. Therefore, it is recommended to harvest pods somewhat earlier than yellow-bean stage and let them do post maturing, especially when it is to be rained.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.361-367
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• 2002

In order to determine the optimum harvest time for the seed production of inbreds and hybrids in silage corn, the ears of sib-pollinated 'KS5', 'KS7rhm', and 'Ga209' and cross-pollinated 'KS5' $\times$ 'KS6' (Suwon19), 'KS7 rhm' $\times$ 'KSl17' (Suwonok), and 'Ga209' $\times$ 'DB544'(Kwanganok) were harvested at the one-week intervals from 4 to 10 weeks after silking. The optimum harvest time for the seed production for 'KS5', 'KS5' $\times$ 'KS6', 'KS7 rhm', and 'KS7rhm' $\times$ 'KS117' was 7 weeks after silking considering both emergence rate and plumule growth in cold test. Although earlier harvested seeds showed similar germination rate as the seeds harvested at the optimum time at $25^{\circ}C$, their emergence rate were lower in cold test. Seed weight and $\alpha$-amylase activity of earlier harvested seeds were lower compared to those of seeds harvested at the optimum time, while leakage of total sugars and electrolytes were higher. However, the later harvested seeds showed lower germination rates at $25^{\circ}C$ and emergence rates in cold test probably due to the lower $\alpha$-amylase activity although they showed increased seed weight and reduced leakage of total sugars and electrolytes. In contrast, the emergence rate of 'Ga209' and 'Ga209' $\times$ 'DB544' in cold test increased up to 10 weeks after silking probably due to the increased seed weight and $\alpha$-amylase activity and reduced sugar and electrolyte leakages during the germination. The cross-pollinated F$_1$ hybrid seeds showed higher germination and emergence rates at $25^{\circ}C$ and in cold test, and higher plumule growth and $\alpha$-amylase activity compared to those of sib-pollinated inbreds.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.271-276
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• 1996

참당귀(當歸) 추태년차별(抽苔年次別)로 채종(採種)한 종자(種子)의 후대생육(後代生育) 및 수량변화를 파악함과 아울러 종자(種子)의 최적(最適) 채종(採種)시기를 구명하고자 수행한 시험결과(試驗結果)를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 초장을 근거로 한 초기생육(初期生育) 및 중기생육(中期生育)은 추태년차(抽苔年次)가 짧을수록 양호하였으며 , 후기(後期) 생육(生育)은 처리간(處理間)에 차이(差異)가 없었다. 2. 뿌리생육(生育)은 3년차(年次) 탐종종자(探種種子)에서 근장(根長), 근경(根徑), 건근중(乾根重)은 1, 2년차(年次)보다 다소 양호(良好)하며 특히 R/S률(率)이 높아 뿌리 발육(發育)이 좋았다. 3. 추태률(抽苔率)은 1년차(年次)38.1%, 2년차(年次)10.4%, 3년차(年次) 1. 2%로 3년차(年次) 탐종종자(探種種子)에서 가장 낮아 추대율을 감소시키기 위해서는 3년차(年次) 채종이 적합하였다. 4. 10a당(當) 뿌리 수량(收量)은 1년차(年次) 채종종자(種子)에서 169kg으로 가장 낮았으며, 2년차(年次), 3년차(年次) 종자(種子)에서는 각각 287kg, 294kg으로 3년차(年次) 채종종자(採種種子)에서 가장 많았다. 4. 추선률(抽善率)은 중기생육시(中期生育時) 초장과 유의적인 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 보였으며, 수양(收量)은 추태률(抽苔率)과 고도(高度)의 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 보여 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2012

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of weed interference and starter fertilizer on subsequent soybean seed quality at the Agricultural Research Farm and Laboratory of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. Two factorial experiment was laid-outon a randomized complete block design with four replications. First factor was starter fertilizer levels (0 and 25 kg $ha^{-1}$) applied in the forms of monoammonium phosphate, the second factor was different weed interference periods consisted of five initial weed-free periods (in which, plots were kept free of weeds for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after crop emergence (DAE) and then weeds were allowed to grow until harvest) and five initial weed-infested periods (in which, weeds were allowed to grow for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60DAE, after which the plots were kept free of weeds until harvest). Full season weedy condition reduced 100-seed weight, seed germination percentage and seedling dry weight by 25.9, 13.3 and 22.5%, respectively and increased mean germination time and seed electrical conductivity by 55.8 and 24.3%, respectively as compared with full season weed-free control. However, the traits under study were not significantly influenced when field was kept free of weeds for at least 45 DAE (R1) or weedy condition was continued for less than 30 DAE (V8). There was a significant and negative correlation between weed biomass and seed weight (r = -0.93), so that when weed free condition was less than 45 DAE or weed infested period was continued for at least 30 DAE, soybean plants produced wrinkled and underdeveloped seeds with lower weights and qualities. Moreover, soybean seed quality reduction due to weed interference was more evident when starter fertilizer was applied and weeds interfered with soybean from the beginning of the growing season. Information from the present study is beneficial in soybean seed production systems and where farmers use the harvested seeds for the following planting.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2005

Mating is an essential behavioural social event in the life cycle of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L.) for the perpetuation of population. A number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors and events of significant importance are involved in successful mating and egg deposition by an adult silk moth which besides biochemical, physiological and environmental factors also includes attraction of reproductively competent male and female moth for mating, duration and frequency of mating, age of moth at the time of mating, reuse of male moth in the production of eggs etc. An attempt has been made in this review article to elucidate briefly the behaviour of male towards female moth after eclosion, impact of duration and frequency of mating on egg deposition and oviposition, reuse of mated male moth in the production of quality and quantity eggs etc. in the silk-worm, B. mori and its significance in silkworm seed production.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2024

Dalbergia sissoo and Dalbergia latifolia are the two most important timber wood species that are indigenous to the Indo-Pak subcontinent producing very high-quality timber. Its wood is used to produce high-quality furniture. Due to overexploitation and dieback disease, their production is seriously hampered and threatens their genetic diversity. Several ecotypes are tolerant to dieback thus offering an opportunity to develop a superior hybrid for the establishment of plantations for hybrid seed production. Hybrid evaluation can only be done by using DNA markers such as SSR markers. Cross-specific amplification of SSR markers is a cost-effective way of producing DNA markers for species lacking genetic information. Here, we report for the first-time successful cross-amplification of SSR markers in Dalbergia latifolia and added new SSR markers in D. sissoo. Cross-species amplification resulted in 13 successful SSR markers in D. latifolia and an addition of 14 markers in D. sissoo of expected sizes. Six SSR markers were further selected randomly to validate the breeding behavior of both species. A diverse DNA profile of seed progenies matched to different pollen donors deviated from the same mother suggested cross-pollination is the most likely mechanism of seed production in D. sissoo and D. latifolia. However, the results must be validated by using a large sample size and through controlled pollinations. SSR markers thus developed will be useful in the conservation and development of superior hybrids for sustainable development and production of commercial populations in Dalbergia sissoo and D. latifolia.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 1987

Information is needed on the plant characteristics affects by forage removal and their relationships to grain yield of italian ryegrass in order to combine herbage seed crop management and livestock farming. This study with tetraploid cv. Tetrone was carried out on the experimental field of Haenam Branch Station. treatments included two different seeding time, cutting time and frequency. Seeds were sown in row 50 cm width within the rows. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Fresh and dry matter were increased significantly in plots defoliated lately and many times but seed yield components were decreased significantly in plots defoliated in spring. 2. Autumn defoliation had no significant effect on the seed yield but seed yield were decreased significantly in plots defoliated later than 8 April. 3. Excess vegetative growth can be removed in autumn and early spring without harm to the seed crop and the most important aspect of its removal is the timing of the operation. 4. Seed yield reductions were accompanied by the decrease of inflorescences,seeds/spike, and thousand seeds weight, due to an increase in apex removal of vigorous tillers by late cutting.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.126-131
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• 1996

In this study effects of isolation distance, transplanting time of maternal plants, and bagging of flower head with the gauze-cloth bag on the outcrossing of burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were investigated. Also the effect of fertilizer level and control of the number of capsules per plant on seed production and quality were examined. A male sterile line. produced 0.3 to 3.8 capsules Per plant when it was Planted with normally flowering tobacco with the average outcrossing of 7.2 plants, ranging from 2 to 18 out of 20 plants. With the farther the isolation distance between maternal plants and pollen donor plant, the lower the outcrossing occurred. Outcrossing occurred even at the isolation distance of 312 m. When the maternal plants were transplanted 35 days after transplanting the pollen donor ones, the outcrossed plants were not decreased significantly. The bagging of the flower head with the gauze-cloth bas (#0.9∼ 1.0 mm) decreased the outcrossed plants significantly, but couldn't prevent the outcrossing completely. The seed amount per plant was higher in the highly fertilized cultivation. The number of seed capsules per plant affected significantly on seed yield and quality. When the seed capsules was controlled by 30 or 50 capsules per plant, the weight of 1,000 seeds and germination rate were higher than those with 70 or 90 capsules per plant. Key words : Nicotiana tabacum, outcrossing, bagging.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제67권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2022

본 연구는 김제와 부안에서 이탈리안라이그라스 종자 생산을 위한 작물 건조제 처리에 따른 약효·약해 평가를 수행하였다. 1. 수확전 7일, 수확전 10일, 수확전 14일에 처리하였을 때 수확전 7일의 기준량과 배량이 무처리 대비 생체중, 천립중, 발아율, 종실 수량에 차이가 없었다. 2. 수확전 10일과 14일의 기준량과 배량은 무처리와 대비하여 천립중, 발아율 및 수량이 낮았다. 잔류성 분석 결과 처리 시기와 농도에 따라 종실과 짚에서는 잔류성 허용 기준치를 초과하지 않았다. 3. IRG는 수확전 7일 이내에 작물건조제를 처리하게 되면 종자의 수분함량은 25% 정도이고, 무처리 대비 약 2~3일 정도 수확기가 앞당겨 졌다. 4. 따라서 수확전 7일 이내 작물건조제를 처리는 IRG 채종 안정성을 기대 할 것으로 판단되지만 종실 손실 최소를 위해서는 등숙 정도와 기상 환경 등을 고려하여 작물건조제를 처리해야 할 것으로 보인다.