• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2016

This study was conducted to develop a fast and efficient screening method to determine the quantity of fatty acid in peanut oil for high oleate breeding program. A total of 329 peanut samples were used in this study, 227 of which were considered in the calibration equation development and 102 were utilized for validation, using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). The NIRS equations for all the seven fatty acids had low standard error of calibration (SEC) values, while high R2 values of 0.983 and 0.991 were obtained for oleic and linoleic acids, respectively in the calibration equation. Furthermore, the predicted means of the two main fatty acids in the calibration equation were very similar to the means based on gas chromatography (GC) analysis, ranging from 36.7 to 77.1% for oleic acid and 7.1 to 42.7% for linoleic acid. Based on the standard error of prediction (SEP), bias values, and $R^2$ statistics, the NIRS fatty acid equations were accurately predicted the concentrations of oleic and linoleic acids of the validation sample set. These results suggest that NIRS equations of oleic and linoleic acid can be used as a rapid mass screening method for fatty acid content analysis in peanut breeding program.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2007

Near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS) was used as a rapid and nondestructive method to determine the fatty acid composition in intact seed samples of rapeseed(Brassica napus L.). A total of 349 samples(about 2 g of intact seeds) were scanned in the reflectance mode of a scanning monochromator, and the reference values for fatty acid composition were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Calibration equations for individual fatty acids were developed using the regression method of modified partial least-squares with internal cross validation(n=249). The equations had low SECV(standard errors of cross-validation), and high $R^2$(coefficient of determination in calibration) values(>0.8) except for palmitic and eicosenoic acid. Prediction of an external validation set(n=100) showed significant correlation between reference values and NIRS estimated values based on the SEP(standard error of prediction), $r^2$(coefficient of determination in prediction), and the ratio of standard deviation(SD) of reference data to SEP. The models developed in this study had relatively higher values(> 3.0 and 0.9, respectively) of SD/SEP(C) and $r^2$ for oleic, linoleic, and erucic acid, characterizing those equations as having good quantitative information. The results indicated that NIRS could be used to rapidly determine the fatty acid composition in rapeseed seeds in the breeding programs for high quality rapeseed oil.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.431-436
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• 1985

The major sterol in the unsaponifiable matter (15.9 mg per gram on basis) of the sesame oil was 4-desmethylsterol (55.6%). 4-desmethylsterol consists of sitosterol (29.5%), campesterol (9.8%), ${\Delta}^5$-avenasterol (6.6%) and stigmasterol (5.9%). Between the packing bags kept the sesame seeds in, namly, the cotton and polyethylene bag, the campesterol content of sesame stored in the cotton bag was not nearly changed, whereas stored in the polyethylene bag was increased upto 4 months storage and then decreased until 15 months. The sitosterol content of sesame stored in cotton bag was increased upto 4 months and then decreased sharply until 15 months of storage, whereas stored in the polyethlene bag was not changed upto 4 months and slightly increased upto 9 months and again decreased until 15 months. Between the storage conditions, namly, light and dark storage, the stigmasterol content of the sesame stored under light condition was hardly changed upto 9 months and slightly increased after that, whereas stored under dark condition was increased upto 4 months, decreased upto 9 months and again slightly increased after that. ${\Delta}^5$-avenasterol was not much changed in all the storage conditions.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.339-347
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• 1998

The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in egg yolk on fatty acid composition and lipid oxidation during chilled storage (4$^{\circ}C$) were investigated. CLA was synthesized according to the method of alkali isomerization using safflower seed oil (SSO). A total of 250 hens (200 days of age) were fed control diet (commercial formula feed for han) or CLA-supplemented diet (1%, 2.5% and 5% CLA) or 5% SSO supplemented diet for 6 weeks, and eggs were collected for analysis of CLA, fatty acid compositons and lipid oxidation. Eggs from CLA-supplemented diets groups showed significantly (p＜0.05) higher CLA content compared to those of control group. The contents of linoleic, palmitic, and myristic acid were increased as well as CLA content by feeding a CLA-supplemented diet. However, the contents of oleic and arachidonic acids in egg yolks were decreased by dietary CLA supplementation. The pH of egg yolk increased by the levels of CLA during storage. The contents of CLA were not significantly (p＜0.05) changed during chilled storage for 28 days, whereas TBARS were significantly (p＜0.05) increased. It is suggested that lipid oxidation of egg yolk might be affected by the levels of CLA in egg yolk due to changes in fatty acid compositions.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.258-262
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• 2007

The study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the popular isoflavone-rich soybean 'agakong' in upland and in drained-paddy fields. Analysis revealed no significant variation in terms of plant height, number of seeds per pod, number of nodes, and 100-seed weight between the two cropping system. Number of pods was significantly higher in paddy field(234.2kg 10a$^{-1}$) compared to those harvested in the upland field, which was later manifested on the yield where paddy soybeans obtained 278.1kg 10a$^{-1}$ whereas upland only obtained 179.3kg 10a$^{-1}$. This observed difference in yield was attributed to the observed higher amount of N in the paddy soil (0.907%) as compared to the upland soil (0.458%). In terms of nutritional content, protein and phytic acid contents were the only parameters that showed significant differences while oil, sugar, reducing power and fatty acids were all comparable in paddy and filed condition. Protein content was higher in upland soil (47.4%) than that of the paddy (44.9%) soil. On the opposite, phytic acid was higher in paddy (2.90%) than in upland (1.09%). This study showed that the yield of soybean is generally a factor of soil N, drained-paddy field production of soybean is comparable to upland-filed production with the benefit of increasing phytic acid content while maintaining its nutritional value.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.249-265
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• 1998

The yearly consumption of soybean ranged from 1.5 to 1.7 million tons in Korea during 1995-1997 with an increasing trend of annual consumption by 60,000 tons. Gross consumption of soybean was 1.74 million tons in 1997: 1.292 million tons for feed, 0.433 million tons for food and its processing, and 15,000 tons for seed and other uses. Particularly, Korea totally depends upon imports of soybean for feed and oil. Only about $40{\%}$ of soybeans used for food and its processing are supplied through domestic production. Korean markets will be open to foreign agricultural products except for rice in 2004 when the Uruguay Round treaty is completed. According to the Korean Rural Economics Institutes reports, soybean consumption in 2004 is expected to be 1.87 million tons that is higher than that in 1997 by 0.13 million tons. In order to meet the need for soybean, Korean government planned to supply from 0.17 million tons of domestic production plus 1.7 million tons of imports, and also planned to raise the self-supply rate of $9.1{\%}$ in 2004 from $8.6{\%}$ in 1997. According to the USDA reports on international soybean production and consumption, its production is expected to be 150 million tons over the world and the international market prices for soybean will be unstable in 2004. Based on these reports, international soybean trade capacity will be 36 million tons in 2004 that is lower than 39 million tons (accounting for $25{\%}$ of gross production) in 1597. Also, a term-end stock in 2004 is estimated to be 9.6 million tons that is low as compared to 18.6 million tons In 1997, In coping with domestic and international soybean production, consumption and supply, and further possible food crisis, national policies and continuous efforts are necessarily required to promote domestic production and to reduce imports of soybean.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.122-133
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• 2016

While ion beams are widely used in plant breeding, little is known about the sensitivity of Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) to ionizing radiation. To compare the biological effects of different types of ionizing radiation on the germination and survival rates of lavender, we exposed lavender seeds to gamma rays, 3 MeV electron beams, and 1.89 MeV proton ion beams. We observed that the seed germination rate decreased with increasing dosages of all three types of ionizing radiation. The malformation rate of lavender seedlings exposed to electron beams and gamma rays increased with increasing radiation dosage. By contrast, the effect of the accelerated proton beams on the malformation rate was negatively correlated with the dosage used. The survival rate of lavender seedlings exposed to the three types of ionizing radiation decreased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the survival rate of seedlings irradiated with proton and electron beams decreased more slowly than did that of seedlings irradiated with gamma rays. The half-lethal dose of gamma rays, electron beams, and proton beams was determined to be 48.1 Gy, 134.3 Gy, and 277.8 Gy, respectively, and the most suitable proton-ion energy for lavender seeds in terms of penetration depth was determined to be 5 MeV. These findings provide valuable information for the breeding of lavender by radiation mutation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.291-300
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• 1995

The purpose of this paper is to survey various recipes of the roasted beef with twenty three classical cookboods written before 1943. The roasted beefis found total 32 times in the literature which can be classified into seven groups such as the roasted rib, roasted foot, roasted tail, roasted heart, roasted gall, roasted kidney and roasted fresh meat. The most frequent one is the roasted rib appearing eight times and the next is the roasted sliced beef with seasoning appearing seven. This proves that the those recipes have been the most favorite ones to Korean people for a long time. The roasted rib has been found since the middle of the 17th century, but the process of roasting ribs again with seasoning after three successions of dipping shortly into cold water in the midst of roast wasz disappeared. The roasted sliced beef with seasoning originated since the late 18th century, and the roasted beef with salt since the early 19th century which has been inherited as the roasted raw upper part of roasted beef recipes have been continued until today in the similar manner. Generally the roasted meat with bones and the roasted internal organs started in 1766 earlier than the roasted fresh meat by a century. The main ingredients were rib, foot, tail, heart, gall, kidney, fresh meat and knee bone, and the seasonings were mixtures of scallion stalk, garlic, pepper, oil, soy sauce and sesame seed powder. And peculiarly salted shrimp, pear juice, ginger were added to seasonings and pine nut powder was used as decorating ingredient.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the stability of the liposome formulation containing the phytochemicals-peptide derivatives. Among liposomes prepared using lecithins or surfactant under various conditions, the most stable niosome was obtained by using sodium palmitoyl sarcosinate and macadamia intergrifolia seed oil. The stability of peptide-containing niosome (N9) was confirmed by the TEM images. The N9 was stable at 0 and 45 degrees by Turbiscan, and its particle size was 95.7 nm. The N9 showed zeta potential value of -78.19 mV, and peptide-inclusion rate of 65.2% by BCA assay.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.391-396
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• 2009

Perilla frutescens, which belonging to the Labiatae family, is widely cultivated oil crop and have been used traditional herbal medicine in East Asia such as Korea, China, and Japan. Especially, the leaves and the seeds of this species are important in Korean traditional cooking, as one of the popular garnish and food colorants. Numerous studies have revealed that the beneficial health effects of perilla are due to its several phytochemicals contents, such as rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin, and apigenin. For this reason, increasing the content of phytochemicals in perilla hasbecome a major breeding objective. The genetic diversity of the rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin, and apigenin content in perilla seed is poorly documented. We analyzed the rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin, and apigenin content of 203 accessions of perilla germplasm by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The rosmarinic acid and luteolin contents ofgermplasms were ranged from $15.7{\mu}g/g$ to $2717.1{\mu}g/g$ and from $1.6{\mu}g/g$ to $582.4{\mu}g/g$ respectively.